Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Mesenteric panniculitis is a rare disease of the bowel mesentery, characterized by tumor-like infiltration by chronic inflammatory cells, fat necrosis, and fibrosis. Reported cases cited clinical presentation ranging from abdominal pain to fever of unknown origin, the majority of which were idiopathic and associated with a benign prognosis. We report the case of a 43-yr-old male who presented with malaise, weight loss, microcytic anemia, and a high erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Radiographic and histological investigations revealed typical features of mesenteric panniculitis. Initial treatment with high-dose oral prednisolone led to rapid and complete resolution of symptomatology, radiographic, and laboratory anomalies. Within 6 months, the patient presented again with anemia, renal failure, and hypercalcemia. A diagnosis of IgA kappa chain myeloma was made. Despite chemotherapy and restoration of normocalcemia, he died from refractory pulmonary edema. This is the first report of a hematological malignancy initially presenting with features of mesenteric panniculitis culminating in an aggressive course and a fatal outcome.
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PMID:Aggressive multiple myeloma presenting as mesenteric panniculitis. 1119 60

Patients with cancer frequently develop anaemia. Various factors, including the type of malignancy and the intensity of chemotherapy influence the prevalence of anaemia and need of transfusions. Among the numerous causes of its development, the most frequent type is cancer anaemia, the so-called "anaemia of chronic disorders". Anaemia of chronic disorders is diagnosed when neoplastic disease is accompanied by an otherwise unexplained microcytic anaemia with compromised iron utilisation and decreased erythropoietin secretion. In 50-70% of patients with solid tumors or hematological malignancies, mainly with multiple myeloma and malignant lymphomas, transfusion can be avoided, or significantly decreased by the use of recombinant erythropoietin. This review provides tools to decide the best candidates for this treatment and a guideline to monitor its efficacy.
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PMID:[Etiology and treatment of malignancy-associated anaemia] 1205 Jun 93

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a 4-helical protein that binds to a specific IL-6 receptor on target cells and to two molecules of the promiscuous signal transducing protein, glycoprotein 130 (gp130). Structure-function analysis has led to the definition of molecular contacts between IL-6 and its receptor subunits. This knowledge has led to the design of competitive antagonistic proteins that retain their receptor binding capability, but fail to stimulate one or both gp130 proteins; the properties of such recombinant antagonistic proteins are compared with traditional neutralising monoclonal antibodies targeted at IL-6 or receptor subunits. Furthermore, several strategies have been employed to construct molecules with increased bioactivity. Possible therapeutic applications in putative IL-6 dependent haematologic disorders, e.g., Castleman's disease (CD), POEMS syndrome, multiple myeloma, and bone diseases, e.g., Paget's disease, osteoporosis, are outlined. IL-6 antagonists could also, in theory, suppress inflammatory activity in rheumatic and autoimmune diseases and could prevent secondary amyloidosis. This principle may prove advantageous in myocardial infarction (MI) and unstable angina pectoris. More generally, IL-6 antagonists could improve the wasting and microcytic anaemia of chronic diseases. IL-6 antagonists might slow down development of mesangio-proliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN). Hyperagonistic variants of IL-6 have a potential use in the ex vivo expansion of haematopoietic progenitor cells and as thrombopoietic agents. They might well be the first drugs to aid liver regeneration in vivo.
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PMID:The therapeutic potential of interleukin-6 hyperagonists and antagonists. 1598 26

Anemia occurs in up to 25% of the US population. Normal hemoglobin levels vary by race, sex, and age. Classification of anemia by mean corpuscular volume guides the differential diagnosis and evaluation. Iron studies, reticulocyte count, the red blood cell distribution width index, and blood test results are used to make the diagnosis. Iron deficiency anemia is the most common microcytic anemia and is managed with iron therapy. Parenteral iron is available when the oral route cannot be used. Patients who do not benefit from therapy should be evaluated for adherence, malabsorption, occult bleeding, systemic disease, or less common inherited disorders. A source of gastrointestinal bleeding is found in 60% to 70% of patients with iron deficiency anemia who are referred for endoscopy. Normocytic anemia has a broad differential, including nutritional deficiencies, blood loss, renal disease, malignancy (solid tumors or hematologic cancer), rheumatologic disorders, endocrine disorders, and other systemic diseases. Macrocytic anemias are seen with vitamin B12 and folate deficiency, alcohol use, thyroid disease, hydroxyurea, antiretroviral drugs, myelodysplastic syndromes, and myeloma. Oral vitamin B12 is underused, and can be as effective as intramuscular vitamin B12 in managing anemia due to vitamin B12 deficiency.
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PMID:Hematologic Disorders: Anemia. 2608 Apr 53