Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A new monoclonal antibody, 1C5, was produced by fusion of spleen cells obtained from mice immunized with CAC-1, a human cell line of cervical adenocarcinoma of the uterus, and NS-1 myeloma cell. The objectives of this study were to obtain moAb that can be used for routine histology and cytology, and to examine the histogenesis of cervical adenocarcinoma. 1. 1C5 reacted with 88% of cervical adenocarcinoma of the uterus, but did not react with cervical squamous cell carcinoma of the uterus and other squamous cell carcinoma. However, 1C5 reacted with some adenocarcinomas, such as endometrial carcinoma of the uterus and ovarial carcinoma. 2. The staining pattern by 1C5 was different, in cervical adenocarcinoma from that in endometrial carcinoma of the uterus, and also different in the endocervical type from that in the endometrioid type of cervical adenocarcinoma. Therefore, 1C5 is useful in distinguishing between two types of adenocarcinoma of the uterus. 3. 1C5 did not react with normal squamous cells or normal columnar cells of the uterine cervix, or with normal endometrial cells of the uterus. However, the columnar cells in a limited area of the squamocolumnar junction were strongly stained with 1C5. 4. 1C5 reacted with ethanol-fixed, and routine formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue. Thus, 1C5 may be used for clinical diagnosis. 5. 1C5 was found to be IgG1. 6. The molecular weight of the 1C5-defined antigen was 26,000 daltons, and the epitope of the 1C5-defined antigen was carbohydrate moiety. 7. We examined the histogenesis of cervical adenocarcinoma of the uterus by utilizing the reactivity of 1C5.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[The production and characterization of monoclonal antibody, 1C5, reactive with cervical adenocarcinoma of the uterus]. 247 40

The authors collected and analyzed cancer incidence data for Alaska Natives (Indians, Eskimos, and Aleuts) for the 15-year period 1969-83 by ethnic and linguistic groups. Compared with U.S. whites, observed-to-expected ratios are high in more than one ethnic group for cancer of the nasopharynx, salivary gland, liver, gallbladder, and cervix. Low ratios were found for cancer of the breast, uterus, bladder, and melanoma. In Alaska, Eskimos have the highest risk for cancer of the esophagus and liver and the lowest risk for breast and prostate cancer. Risk for multiple myeloma in Indian men in Alaska exceeds not only those of other Native groups in Alaska but that in U.S. whites as well. Despite the short period studied, increases in cancer incidence over time can be documented for lung cancer in Eskimo men and women combined, and for cervical cancer, especially in Indian women.
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PMID:Cancer in Alaskan Indians, Eskimos, and Aleuts, 1969-83: implications for etiology and control. 251 2

We recently reported that parasite antigens are detectable in the serum of Dirofilaria immitis-infected dogs by counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE). Hybridoma cell lines that produce monoclonal antibodies specific for these antigens were obtained by immunizing mice with a partially purified antigen preparation, fusing spleen cells with SP-2 myeloma cells, and screening cell culture supernatants for antibody by ELISA and CIE inhibition. Antibodies specific for two epitopes shared by the two major circulating parasite antigens were identified. Immunoperoxidase studies showed that the epitopes recognized by the monoclonals were widely distributed in D. immitis, but the female uterus and eggs were particularly strongly labeled. A monoclonal antibody-based ELISA was developed to measure parasite antigens in dog sera. Parasite antigens were detected in 45 of 46 sera from infected dogs but were absent in sera from uninfected dogs and sera from dogs infected with Dipetalonema reconditum. Serum antigen content was significantly correlated with the number of female worms recovered from infected dogs (r = 0.82, p less than 0.001). Antigenemia was first detected 6 mo after infection, and antigen levels remained fairly stable between 9 and 21 mo after infection. Parasite antigen detection with this monoclonal antibody-based ELISA appears to be superior to previously described diagnostic methods for canine dirofilariasis in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and relation to infection intensity.
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PMID:Monoclonal antibodies to parasite antigens found in the serum of Dirofilaria immitis-infected dogs. 257 55

A hybridoma cell line that secretes monoclonal antibody, MAb-ER-Br-1-15-4-18 is established. The MAb is highly specific for estrogen receptor (ER) from human breast tumor cells. In order to raise the antibody, the ER was first isolated from human breast tumor. Mice were immunized with the partially purified ER and the fusion of the spleen cells from the mouse, showing the highest serum titer, with the cells of the NS-1 mouse myeloma line, produced hybrid cells which continuously secreted antibodies specific for ER. Three of the hybridoma cultures which tested strongly positive were cloned using limiting dilution method and one of the cell lines was selected for further study. The recovery of the MAb from the cell culture was done by ammonium sulfate precipitation followed by dialysis and then hydroxylapatite liquid chromatography using linear gradients. The purity of the antibody was checked by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The MAb was isotyped and found to be IgG1. When checked against other antigens the MAb showed a minimal cross-reactivity to ER from rabbit uterus and none to ovalbumin or rat liver ferritin. Further experiments showed that the MAb recognized the ER bound to the hormone and ER in the nucleus of breast tumor cells.
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PMID:Production and characterization of a monoclonal antibody to partially purified estrogen receptor from human breast tumor. 292 8

A murine monoclonal antibody, 1C5, was produced by fusion of spleen cells obtained from mice immunized with CAC-1, a human cell line of adenocarcinoma derived from uterine cervix, and NS/1 myeloma cells. 1C5 can be used for the staining of routine formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue sections. 1C5-defined antigen was found to have a molecular weight of 26,000. The 1C5-defined antigen was resistant to neuraminidase and trypsin treatment, but sensitive to periodate treatment, indicating that an epitope of the 1C5-defined antigen is a carbohydrate moiety. Immunohistochemical study using immunoperoxidase staining demonstrated that 1C5 reacted with 87% of adenocarcinomas of the uterine cervix, 39% of endometrial carcinomas of the uterus, 100% of ovarian mucinous cystadenocarcinomas, 43% of ovarian serous cystadenocarcinomas, 45% of adenocarcinomas of the colon, and 40% of gastric adenocarcinomas, thus showing the broad reactivity to adenocarcinoma cells of various origins. However, 1C5 did not show any reactivity to ectocervix epithelium, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, or squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. In addition, adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix exhibited strong cytoplasmic reactivity with 1C5, whereas endometrial carcinoma of the uterus showed the luminal reactivity. 1C5 also reacts with 95% ethanol-fixed malignant cells in cervical smears.
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PMID:New monoclonal antibody, 1C5, reactive with human cervical adenocarcinoma of the uterus, with immunodiagnostic potential. 305 7

Data collected by the Cancer Registry of the Canton of Vaud, Switzerland, were used to estimate proportional mortality ratios (PMR) and mortality odds ratios (MOR) for various neoplasms according to social class and sector of occupation (agriculture versus others). Mortality ratios were elevated in lower social classes for cancers of the lung (MOR = 1.18 for social class IV or V vs I or II) and other sites strictly related to tobacco (mouth or pharynx, oesophagus and larynx; MOR = 1.70), and (though not significantly) for cancers of the stomach (MOR = 1.16) and uterus (MOR = 1.30 for cervix and 1.47 for corpus uteri). Furthermore, there was a strong negative social class gradient for thyroid cancer (a neoplasm with particularly elevated incidence and mortality in Switzerland), probably attributable to higher prevalence of iodine deficiency in lower social classes (MOR = 3.17). Positive social class gradients emerged for cancers of the intestines (MOR = 0.77 for social class IV or V), skin (MOR = 0.74) and prostate (MOR = 0.87). Agricultural workers showed decreased ratios for cancers of the lung (MOR = 0.75), cervix uteri (MOR = 0.72) and prostate (MOR = 0.80), and excess mortality from cancers of the upper digestive and respiratory sites (MOR = 1.22), stomach (MOR = 1.18), testis (MOR = 2.05) and lympho-haematopoietic neoplasms, particularly myeloma (MOR = 2.14).
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PMID:Socioeconomic groups and cancer risk at death in the Swiss Canton of Vaud. 322 77

Progesterone receptor (PR) from a human endometrial carcinoma (EnCa 101) grown in nude mice consists of two hormone-binding proteins with mol wt around 116,000 and 85,000. To generate monoclonal antibodies against this receptor, PR was partially purified from EnCa 101 and used to immunize Robertsonian mice. Immune mouse spleens were fused with HL-1 Friendly myeloma-653 cells, and hybridomas were screened by solid phase dot-blot assay and double antibody precipitation. Seven stable hybridomas were obtained, designated hPRa 1-7. Subisotyping revealed that hPRa 1 and 6 were immunoglobulin G2b, while the remainder were immunoglobulin G1. Ultracentrifugation in high salt sucrose gradients showed that six of the seven antibodies effected a shift of [3H]progestin-labeled PR from EnCa 101; only hPRa 4 was ineffective in this regard. Protein blots of EnCa 101 cytosols and DEAE eluates revealed that hPRa 1, 3, 4, 5, and 7 recognized both PR proteins equally. hPRa 2 recognized principally the 116,000 mol wt PR protein; it recognized the lower mol wt PR protein very poorly if at all, whereas hPRa 6 recognized only the 116,000 mol wt protein. Interestingly, the latter was consistently detected as a closely migrating triplet. Immunolocalization of PR by hPRa 1-7 in tissue sections was confined to nuclei of target tissues and varied in intensity: hPRa 7 greater than 3 = 5 greater than 6 = 2 greater than 1 greater than 4. In proliferative phase uterus, the intensity of staining was ranked: endometrial gland nuclei (3+) greater than myometrial cell nuclei (2-3+) greater than endometrial stromal cell nuclei (0-1+). Thus, seven monoclonal antibodies directed against human PR have been prepared, and their suitability for the study of PR by biochemical and immunohistochemical techniques has been demonstrated.
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PMID:Monoclonal antibodies to human progesterone receptor: characterization by biochemical and immunohistochemical techniques. 330 78

A monoclonal antibody (mAb) designated AZPO-8 was produced by hybridizing a mouse myeloma with spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized with materials obtained from the hamster oviduct. With an immunofluorescence test, AZPO-8 reacted with the zona pellucida (ZP) of ovulated eggs in the oviduct (ZP-OVI) but not with the zona pellucida of eggs in the ovary (ZP-OVA). Using indirect enzyme immunostaining, this mAb reacted with epithelial cells of the oviduct, the uterus (especially the cervical epithelium) and the gastric mucosa, but not with other hamster tissues examined. The reactivity of antigen-positive tissues was abrogated by pretreatment of the tissues with periodic acid. Western blotting analysis revealed that AZPO-8 reacted with substances of broad molecular weight range, and the strongest reactivity was detected at a molecular weight of approximately 200,000 in both cases when extract of ZP-OVI or the hamster oviduct was applied on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) gel. AZPO-8 showed strong hemagglutination activity only to group A human red blood cells. These results indicated that (1) ZP-OVI had an antigen that was not detected on ZP-OVA, (2) ZP-OVI and the oviduct shared the same antigenicity, and (3) the antigenic determinant reactive with the mAb might be carbohydrate in nature. A possible role of this antigen in fertilization was discussed.
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PMID:A monoclonal antibody reacting with the zona pellucida of the oviductal egg but not with that of the ovarian egg of the golden hamster. 330 86

We calculated 5-year crude and relative survival rates, by age and sex, for patients in Alberta in whom cancer was diagnosed between 1974 and 1978. Cancers with low overall 5-year relative survival rates (less than 35%) included stomach cancer, cancer of the pancreas, lung cancer, brain cancer, multiple myeloma and myeloid leukemia. Cancers with high overall 5-year relative survival rates (more than 70%) included melanoma, breast cancer, cancer of the uterus, cancer of the bladder and Hodgkin's disease. Five-year relative survival rates were generally lower in the highest age group (75 years or more). A strong inverse relation between age and survival was noted for brain cancer, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease and myeloid leukemia.
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PMID:Survival rates among patients with cancer in Alberta in 1974-78. 337 May 94

This study extends an earlier one by 4 years (1979-1982) and includes mortality data on 11,393 additional Nagasaki survivors. Significant dose responses are observed for leukemia, multiple myeloma, and cancers of the lung, female breast, stomach, colon, esophagus, and urinary tract. Due to diagnostic difficulties, results for liver and ovarian cancers, while suggestive of significant dose responses, do not provide convincing evidence for radiogenic effects. No significant dose responses are seen for cancers of the gallbladder, prostate, rectum, pancreas, or uterus, or for lymphoma. For solid tumors, largely due to sex-specific differences in the background rates, the relative risk of radiation-induced mortality is greater for women than for men. For nonleukemic cancers the relative risk seen in those who were young when exposed has decreased with time, while the smaller risks for those who were older at exposure have tended to increase. While the absolute excess risks of radiation-induced mortality due to nonleukemic cancer have increased with time for all age-at-exposure groups, both excess and relative risks of leukemia have generally decreased with time. For leukemia, the rate of decrease in risk and the initial level of risk are inversely related to age at exposure.
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PMID:Studies of the mortality of A-bomb survivors. 8. Cancer mortality, 1950-1982. 344 17


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