Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 78-year-old woman complaining of a neck mass underwent right hemithyroidectomy. The 7 x 6 cm thyroid tumor consisted predominantly of mildly atypical, epithelial membrane antigen-positive plasma cells and scattered lymphoid follicles. Features of follicular colonization (plasma cell infiltration into germinal centers) were noted. Numerous CD45RO-positive reactive T cells and a smaller number of CD20-positive blast-like B cells were also distributed among the plasma cell infiltrate. IgG, kappa-type monoclonality with J-chain reactivity was identified in the plasma cells, including those in the lymphoid follicles. The association of pre-existing lymphocytic thyroiditis was confirmed histologically in the non-tumorous thyroid tissue. The tumor exhibited deposition of reticulin fiber-rich, amorphous eosinophilic substances, provoking pronounced foreign body reactions. The deposit, polytypically immunoreactive for immunoglobulin gamma-, mu-, kappa- and lambda-chains, beta 2-microglobulin and HLA-DR, was scarcely reactive upon amyloid staining, and consisted ultrastructurally of electron-dense, non-fibrillar material and entrapped collagen fibers. Multiple myeloma was ruled out by laboratory, histologic and clinical examinations. The possible categorization of this extramedullary plasmacytoma of the thyroid within low-grade B cell lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) is discussed.
 ...
PMID:Extramedullary plasmacytoma of the thyroid, associated with follicular colonization and stromal deposition of polytypic immunoglobulins and major histocompatibility antigens. Possible categorization in MALT lymphoma. 147 63

Sera from patients with adult T-cell leukemia and asymptomatic carriers of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) from widely separated areas of the world reacted strongly in a standardized quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay procedure with HTLV-I viral antigen prepared from a strain isolated in the United States. There was a sharp differentiation of the values seen in the patients as compared with a normal population. Of the 35 acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients with Kaposi's sarcoma, only 2 were positive for HTLV-I antibodies in this test, and the distribution of the negative assay values in the other acquired immune deficiency syndrome patient sera was similar to that seen in the normal sera. Sera which contained extremely high levels of antibodies to other unrelated viruses (rubella virus, cytomegalovirus, and herpes simplex virus) all showed negative anti-HTLV-I results, in a pattern similar to the normal sera. Sera from patients with several autoimmune disease (systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, thyroiditis) as well as those with infectious mononucleosis or myeloma all also showed the normal distribution of negative results, in spite of the presence of very high levels of the autoantibodies, etc., associated with their illnesses.
 ...
PMID:Quantitative estimation by a standardized enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I antibodies in adult T-cell leukemia and acquired immune deficiency syndrome. 300 30

A case of solitary plasmacytoma of the thyroid is reported. A monoclonal component (IgG lambda) was identified in the serum of the patient and disappeared after total thyroidectomy and radiotherapy. The use of the immunoperoxidase technique on thyroid, bone marrow, and lymph node specimens allowed us to demonstrate the production of IgG lambda by the tumor, and to rule out the possibility of multiple myeloma. Previously reported cases are reviewed (15 cases). The diagnostic criteria, the association with thyroiditis, and the treatment of this rare disorder are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Plasmacytoma of the thyroid: a case report, a study with use of the immunoperoxidase technique, and a review of the literature. 355 Nov 67

We describe the production of a unique immunosorbent system, agarose-polyacrolein microsphere beads (APAMB) for removal of a specific antibody, anti BSA, and its efficacy in animal trials. This is a model system for hemoperfusive removal of specific antibodies or antigens directly from whole blood. The agarose beads (1.0 mm mean diameter) contain thousands of microspheres of 0.2 micron mean diameter. The microspheres which contain the ligand are encapsulated within an agarose matrix to confer physical strength, biocompatibility, spacial configuration, and porosity allowing rapid entry of plasma for reaction. Any antigen may be linked covalently to spacers on the polyacrolein microspheres to remove a specific antibody, or vice versa. Thus the APAMB remove specific molecules in contrast to the charcoal or ion exchange resins currently in use. Removal of antibody is efficient and rapid, therefore, short hemoperfusive times may be used. The beads are biocompatible; there are negligible decreases in RBC, WBC and platelets. Electrolytes and other soluble components also are minimally affected. Therapy, at the least palliative, of autoimmune disorders i.e., multiple myeloma, macroglobinemia, autohemolytic anemias, idiopathic thrombocytopenia, myasthenia gravis, rheumatoid arthritis, thyroiditis, glomerulonephritis, etc, is potentially available with this or its further improved versions.
 ...
PMID:Extracorporeal removal of specific antibodies by hemoperfusion through the immunosorbent agarose-polyacrolein microsphere beads: removal of anti-bovine serum albumin in animals. 640 18

Plasma cell granuloma (PCG) is characterized by proliferation of polyclonal plasma cells with associated fibrosis and is often considered part of the heterogeneous group of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs). The thyroid is rarely affected by PCG. A patient having PCG associated with Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) prompted our literature search that revealed 18 cases of PCG, 55% (n = 10) of which occurred together with HT. The etiopathogenesis of PCG is unknown and there is no specific treatment except surgical excision for compressive symptoms. This entity has an excellent prognosis with no evidence of recurrence or metastasis. Lesions of the thyroid with infiltrating plasma cells include HT, fibrous variant of HT, plasmacytoma, plasma cell myeloma, Riedel thyroiditis, IgG4 (immunoglobulin G4)-related disease, IMT, and PCG. Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor has ALK gene rearrangements and is considered a neoplasm as opposed to PCG, which is a reactive polyclonal plasma cell proliferation. We believe IMT and PCG are distinct entities and consensus definitions are required for avoiding confusion in the literature.
 ...
PMID:Plasma Cell Granuloma of the Thyroid: Review of an Uncommon Entity. 3004 Apr 58