Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thrombocytopenia in patients with multiple myeloma is usually due to chemotherapy or marrow replacement with myeloma cells. Two patients with multiple myeloma who fulfilled criteria for the diagnosis of immune thrombocytopenic purpura are presented. The etiologic and therapeutic implications of this unusual association are discussed.
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PMID:Multiple myeloma associated with immune thrombocytopenic purpura. 404 Apr 20

The efficacy of Human 6 IFN (HLIFN) given in a pulse fashion was determined in a phase II study. Ninety-one cancer patients were evaluated (9 myeloma, 12 breast, 14 prostate, 9 melanoma, 4 renal, 6 astrocytoma, 7 ovarian, 9 large bowel, 7 gastric, 14 head and neck). They all had advanced progressive cancer that was resistant to chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. Patients were treated by intramuscular injection of 6 X 10(2) I.U./m2 for three consecutive days every four weeks. 84 patients were evaluable. Complete clinical response was obtained in 23 patients (4 myeloma, 2 breast, 5 prostate, 1 melanoma, 1 renal, 2 astrocytoma, 2 ovarian, 2 large bowel, 1 gastric, 3 head and neck). Partial responses were observed in 35 patients (3 myeloma, 7 breast, 6 prostate, 4 melanoma, 1 renal, 2 astrocytoma, 3 ovarian, 4 head and neck). Objective responses were related (P less than 0.01) to serum IFN level, with complete and partial responses (P less than 0.01) more commonly seen in those patients whose serum IFN levels at two hours were in the range of 1000 to 1650 I.U./ml. Side effects resulting from pulse IFN were acceptable for this group of patients and consisted of fever, transient chills, malaise and asthenia, and transient thrombocytopenia and leukocytopenia. The extent of fever was directly related (P less than 0.01) to response, and was most elevated in patients who achieved objective responses. IFN administered in a pulse fashion appears to be more effective than daily IFN and merits further evaluation.
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PMID:Clinical results of leukocyte interferon-induced tumor regression in resistant human metastatic cancer resistant to chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy-pulse therapy schedule. 405 26

A disease in mink has been discovered that has many of the features of collagen diseases in man. Affected animals suffer from wasting with leukopenia and thrombocytopenia as well as plasma cell infiltration, hypergammaglobulinemia, glomerulonephritis, arteritis and amyloidosis. Cell-free filtrates and ultracentrifugates from diseased animals induced the disease in normal mink, and aleutian genotypes were unusually susceptible to infection. This genotype was characterized by abnormal lysosomal structures in all the granule-forming cells, resembling the Chediak-Higashi syndrome of man. Anti-gamma-globulin factors similar to human rheumatoid factors were reported, although tests for antibodies such as ANF and LE factors have been negative. Arteritis and glomerulonephritis lesions stained positively for gamma-globulin, and Coombs-type sensitized red cells have been detected in the majority of affected mink. Some mink develop a monodispersion of hypergammaglobulinemia resembling the serum protein changes in human myeloma. These studies highlight genetic, immunological and microbiological causative factors in a mink disorder resembling human collagen disease.
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PMID:Viral plasmacytosis (Aleutian disease) of mink resembling human collagen disease. 533 35

Fifty-five patients with myeloma who had relapsed on or were resistant to melphalan and/or cyclophosphamide with prednisone received vincristine, carmustine, doxorubicin, and prednisone (VBAP) plus cisplatin and bleomycin at 21-day intervals. Eighteen (32.7%) patients responded. The response rate was 38.5% (15 responses among 39 patients) in relapsing patients. Three (18.8%) of 16 patients with resistant myeloma responded. Granulocytopenia was the most frequent toxic effect, and was severe in 12 (22%) patients. Severe thrombocytopenia occurred in seven (13%) patients and severe nausea and vomiting occurred in eight (15%). One patient with previously normal renal function developed renal failure on this regimen. The median survival (100 weeks) in those patients responding to treatment was significantly longer than that in patients not responding (25 weeks; P = 0.001). VBAP plus cisplatin and bleomycin was at least as effective as VBAP but had greater toxicity, expense, and inconvenience; it therefore is not preferable to VBAP.
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PMID:Addition of cisplatin and bleomycin to vincristine-carmustine-doxorubicin-prednisone (VBAP) combination in the treatment of relapsing or resistant multiple myeloma: a Southwest Oncology Group study. 620 Feb 20

Vincristine 0.25 mg/m2 by IV push and bleomycin 5 units daily by continuous infusion were given on days 1, 2, 3 and 4, together with prednisone 1,000 mg/m2 po in 4 divided doses either on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 (6 patients) or on days 1 and 3 (11 patients) to 17 patients with various lymphoproliferative diseases who had failed their previous treatment program. Fourteen were leukopenic and/or thrombocytopenic. Of 10 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma 2 achieved complete remission and 5 a partial response. Both patients with Hodgkin's disease achieved partial response. A decrease in plasma M protein (median decrease 51%) was observed in 3/3 patients with multiple myeloma and 2/2 with Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia. Decrease in tumor cell infiltration by 48%, 58% and 100% was observed in 3 patients (2 with macroglobulinemia and 1 with myeloma) in the bone marrow. Leukopenia of less than 3,600/mm3 and thrombocytopenia of less than 70,000/mm3 reverted to normal in 5/7 and 7/10 patients, respectively. Remission duration ranged from 4 to 35+ weeks (median 17 weeks). Three patients had severe GI bleeding. Psychosis controlled by phenothiazines was observed in one, and bleomycin toxicity (anaphylaxis, skin rash, and lung toxicity, one each) was observed in 3 patients. No severe neurotoxicity was observed.
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PMID:Treatment of refractory lymphoproliferative diseases with daily, low-dose vincristine, continuous infusion of bleomycin, and high-dose prednisone. 620 45

Continued monitoring of a family for new malignant tumors has revealed diverse immunological and neoplastic disorders during a 15-year period. In 1966, the proband developed lymphoma. In 1975, his antibody titers to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) became elevated, and again, he developed a malignant lymphoma. He also had borderline hypo-immunoglobulin A, died of glioblastoma multiforme in 1977, and at autopsy, had adenomatous colonic polyps. His eldest brother has normal immunoglobulin levels, but developed immune thrombocytopenia in 1973 and had elevated EBV antibody titers in 1980. Another brother had hypo-immunoglobulin A, thymoma in 1965, and adenomas and adenocarcinoma of the colon. Two other brothers succumbed to glioblastoma in 1968 and 1969. The father of the proband had bronchiectasis in 1952, hypo-immunoglobulin M documented in 1972, and elevated EBV antibody titers 5 years preceding development of a malignant lymphoma. The latter contained 10 EBV genome equivalents/cell by EBV viral DNA/DNA reassociation kinetics analysis. The proband's grandmother had died of an immunoglobulin G-secreting myeloma in 1977, and his grandfather had borderline low immunoglobulin M, elevated EBV antibody titers, and hypopharyngeal carcinoma in 1980. Predisposition to oncogenesis in this family was probably inherited.
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PMID:Diverse familial malignant tumors and Epstein-Barr virus. 627 70

We describe the production of a unique immunosorbent system, agarose-polyacrolein microsphere beads (APAMB) for removal of a specific antibody, anti BSA, and its efficacy in animal trials. This is a model system for hemoperfusive removal of specific antibodies or antigens directly from whole blood. The agarose beads (1.0 mm mean diameter) contain thousands of microspheres of 0.2 micron mean diameter. The microspheres which contain the ligand are encapsulated within an agarose matrix to confer physical strength, biocompatibility, spacial configuration, and porosity allowing rapid entry of plasma for reaction. Any antigen may be linked covalently to spacers on the polyacrolein microspheres to remove a specific antibody, or vice versa. Thus the APAMB remove specific molecules in contrast to the charcoal or ion exchange resins currently in use. Removal of antibody is efficient and rapid, therefore, short hemoperfusive times may be used. The beads are biocompatible; there are negligible decreases in RBC, WBC and platelets. Electrolytes and other soluble components also are minimally affected. Therapy, at the least palliative, of autoimmune disorders i.e., multiple myeloma, macroglobinemia, autohemolytic anemias, idiopathic thrombocytopenia, myasthenia gravis, rheumatoid arthritis, thyroiditis, glomerulonephritis, etc, is potentially available with this or its further improved versions.
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PMID:Extracorporeal removal of specific antibodies by hemoperfusion through the immunosorbent agarose-polyacrolein microsphere beads: removal of anti-bovine serum albumin in animals. 640 18

Sixteen patients with hematologic neoplasms were treated with Human Lymphoblastoid Interferon (HL-BI) derived from Namalwa cell line. They were 6 multiple myeloma, 8 acute leukemia and 2 malignant lymphoma patients. All patients were previously treated with anticancer agents except one case with multiple myeloma. HLBI, 3.0 X 10(6) IU/day, was daily administered by intramuscular injection at least for 4 weeks. Three of 6 multiple myeloma responded to HLBI with a decrease of more than 25% in serum myeloma protein level. A case with pleural effusion due to massive infiltration of myeloma cells treated with intrathoratic administration of HLBI, in whom complete disappearance of pleural effusion was recognized. On the other hand, no patients with acute leukemia and malignant lymphoma responded except one case with acute lymphocytic leukemia, in which bone marrow lymphoblasts decreased transiently. Fever episodes, 13 of 16 cases, were more frequently seen but were manageable. Transient leukocytopenia and thrombocytopenia were also observed in 4 and 7 of 8 cases, respectively. No anaphylactoid reaction was seen. Thus, HLBI was expected useful in the clinical management of multiple myeloma.
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PMID:[Clinical effects of human lymphoblastoid interferon in patients with hematologic neoplasms]. 657 25

One patient with multiple myeloma and four patients with acute leukemia presented with severe abdominal pain. Pertinent findings included numerous petechiae in the skin and buccal cavity, and diffuse abdominal guarding and tenderness, suggesting peritoneal involvement. Severe thrombocytopenia was found in all patients. Laparotomy was performed in the patient with multiple myeloma, and revealed numerous petechiae throughout the peritoneum. All five patients responded to platelet transfusions with disappearance of the abdominal signs and symptoms. Severe thrombocytopenia should be considered among the causes of acute surgical abdomen in patients with malignant hematological disorders, and platelet transfusions should be administered before any surgical intervention.
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PMID:Acute surgical abdomen caused by thrombocytopenia in patients with acute leukemia and multiple myeloma. 658 56

Twenty-three cases of hematological malignancies (18 plasma cell neoplasm, 2 leukemia and 2 malignant lymphoma) were treated with recombinant human leukocyte interferon (rIFN-alpha A). Among plasma cell neoplasms, excellent and good responses were obtained in 1 case of IgG myeloma and 1 case of Bence-Jones myeloma respectively and fair response was obtained in 5 other cases. Response rats was 11.4%, or 38.9% if fair response was included. Partial remission was obtained in 1 case of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. In one of 2 cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, marked reduction of peripheral leukemia cells was noted. Side effects included fever (65%), malaise (20%), nausea-anorexia (43%), leukopenia (52%) and thrombocytopenia (52%). However, all were not serious and disappeared quickly after discontinuation of rIFN-alpha A.
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PMID:[Treatment of hematological malignancies with recombinant leukocyte A interferon (rIFN-alpha A)]. 659 73


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