Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A patient with multiple myeloma (MM) who developed Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is described. The KS appeared 18 months after the diagnosis of MM and 1 month after the treatment was changed from cyclophosphamide to melphalan. The treatment with melphalan was discontinued and the spread of the KS was arrested by irradiation and bleomycin. One month after the melphalan was restarted, the KS advanced. The patient died 28 months after the diagnosis of MM and 10 months after KS had developed. The association of KS and MM is discussed and the previously reported cases are reviewed. A possible connection between the treatment with melphalan and the development of KS is proposed.
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PMID:Multiple myeloma associated with Kaposi sarcoma. 7 Sep 38

Described is a patient with multiple myeloma who, during long-term treatment with alkylating agents, developed cutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma. Patients with multiple myeloma, unlike those with malignant lymphoma, do not usually develop Kaposi's sarcoma during the natural course of the disease. It is suggested that the immunosuppression resulting from the long-term alkylating agent therapy for multiple myeloma may have prediposed this individual to the development of Kaposi's sarcoma.
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PMID:Kaposi's sarcoma after long-term alkylating agent therapy for multiple myeloma. 88 63

A 62-year-old black female with Kaposi's sarcoma associated with multiple myeloma is reported. The co-existence of the two entities in the same patient appears more than coincidental. The case is the first woman and only the fifth described with Kaposi's sarcoma associated with multiple myeloma.
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PMID:Kaposi's sarcoma associated with multiple myeloma. 116 Feb 9

Interferons produced by recombinant DNA technology began phase I trials little more than a decade ago. Today interferon alfa-2 is a mainstay in the treatment of hairy cell leukemia, and has demonstrated benefit in the more common chronic myelogenous leukemia. Interferon alfa-2 also has activity in other hematologic malignancies, including indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, T-cell lymphoma, and multiple myeloma, and in solid tumors such as disseminated melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, Kaposi's sarcoma, endocrine pancreatic tumors, and malignant carcinoid tumors. Interferon alfa, beta, and gamma remain under investigation to define potential roles in ovarian, breast, bladder, and cervical carcinomas and gliomas. The greatest value of the interferons will be in prolonging the disease-free interval when used in combination with other treatment modalities, including surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, and other biologic agents.
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PMID:Current status of interferons in the treatment of cancer. 128 Jan 53

58 death certifications (40 males and 18 females) of residents of the Canton of Vaud (Switzerland) which reported AIDS as the cause of death in 1986-1989 were matched with the list of incident cancers available since 1974 from the Vaud Cancer Registry. Such linkage was successful for 20 individuals (age range 25-63, median 37), mostly males (18/20), homosexual or bisexual (11/18) and affected by Kaposi's sarcoma (14 males and 1 female). Other identified neoplasms included one Burkitt's lymphoma, one prostate adenocarcinoma and one multiple myeloma (whose histological picture included, however, lymphocytosis in addition to plasmocytosis). Three additional malignancies (one undifferentiated skin cancer, one carcinoma of the salivary glands and one in situ cervical carcinoma), and one myelodysplastic syndrome had also been diagnosed from 1 to 2 years before AIDS death. Cancer was mentioned on the death certificate, in addition to AIDS, in only 2 cases. Albeit of limited size, the present report confirms that a systematic integration of AIDS and cancer registration statistics provides additional information, of particular interest for histological classification, on the AIDS-cancer relationship.
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PMID:Linkage of death certification of AIDS and cancer registration in Vaud, Switzerland. 151 73

Interleukin-6, IL-6, is a pleiotropic cytokine which plays a central role in defense mechanisms, including the immune response, acute phase reaction and hematopoiesis. Abnormal expression of the IL-6 gene has been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases, especially rheumatoid arthritis, Castleman's disease, mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis, multiple myeloma and Kaposi's sarcoma. In the case of multiple myeloma and Kaposi's sarcoma, the existence of an IL-6-IL-6 receptor autocrine loop has been implicated in the oncogenesis process. On the other hand, IL-6 has a potent anti-tumor activity against certain types of tumors. This anti-tumor effect is mediated by in vivo induction of tumor specific cytotoxic T cells and in part by a growth inhibitory activity of IL-6.
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PMID:The evidence for interleukin-6 as an autocrine growth factor in malignancy. 164 91

Interferons are currently the most widely used biological response modifiers. They are of high clinical value in haematological malignancies (chronic myelogenous leukaemia, multiple myeloma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma), in solid tumours (malignant melanoma, hypernephroma, pancreas neoplasms, carcinoid tumours, Kaposi's sarcoma, glioma, in ovarium, cervix and bladder carcinoma, and in basalioma) and in infectious diseases (chronic hepatitis B, chronic non-A/non-B hepatitis, chronic delta hepatitis, AIDS, Papova virus and Rhinovirus infections, leishmaniasis, leprosy) and some other conditions. Although the mechanism of action of interferons has not been explained in every detail these agents are promising therapeutic means in a number of diseases.
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PMID:Role of interferon in clinical practice. 172 32

Interferons (IFN) are potent antiviral, cytostatic-cytotoxic and immunomodulatory agents. Although gene technology has made available an unlimited supply of all different kinds and types of IFN, their basic modes of action have not been clarified up to now. The therapeutic effects proven differ gradually between the individual disease entities. They comprise prophylaxis, prevention of recurrences and direct therapeutic effect, either of reducing the actual disease symptoms, or of inducing a complete recovery. For the following viral diseases a positive therapeutic effect has been shown: infections by herpes-viruses (herpes simplex keratitis , herpes zoster, herpes simplex), cytomegalovirus infections, chronic-hepatitis B virus infection, acute respiratory virus infections by rhino-, corona- and influenza viruses. Especially for the group of virus-associated tumors and papillomas, IFN is considered to be therapeutically effective. IFN has been accepted to be the first line treatment for laryngeal papillomatosis. In condylomata acuminata too, IFN is a potent therapeutic agent. Moreover, IFN represents the most effective therapeutic modality for Kaposi's sarcoma in patient with AIDS. Hairy cell leukemia, malignant lymphoma, multiple myeloma, melanoma and hypernephroma are the malignancies, for which a therapeutic effect of IFN could be proven. Furthermore, IFN is considered to be the therapy of first choice for hairy cell leukemias. Although there are some signs, that IFN could be a potent agent for adjuvant therapy, this question can not be answered - not even on principle - because of lacking sufficient data so far. Up to date, the therapeutic efficacy of IFN seems to be established only for hairy cell leukemia, laryngeal papillomatosis, Kaposi's sarcoma in patients with AIDS and partly for condylomata acuminata. For all other indications, first of all, sufficient phase-II-study data will have to be evaluated, before prospectively controlled studies, comparing the IFN treatment results with placebo and standard therapy results, can be initiated for the individual disease entities. Then, it will be possible to assess the therapeutic efficacy of IFN. Already now, IFN represent a valuable enrichment of the therapeutic modalities for malignancies and viral diseases.
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PMID:[Current status of interferon therapy]. 242 97

In the past decade, interferon, the first of a new class of biologic response modifiers, has undergone extensive Phase I and II clinical evaluation in a broad spectrum of cancers, including hematologic malignancies, lymphomas, and solid tumors. Interferon has been found to have important clinical activity in hairy-cell leukemia, low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, cutaneous T cell lymphoma, chronic myelogenous leukemia, previously untreated multiple myeloma, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related Kaposi's sarcoma, malignant carcinoid tumors, intravesically treated superficial bladder cancer, intraperitoneally treated ovarian carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, and malignant melanoma. Recombinant DNA technology has produced molecules such as the interferons, which are antigenic and can induce antibody formation as part of a generalized immune response. The frequency of antibody occurrence, the magnitude of the antibody response, and the type of antibody induced by the interferons is thought to be related to several factors. These include the specific type of neoplasm for which interferon was administered; the specie of interferon administered; the dose, route, schedule, and duration of interferon administered; and the assay method and sampling time used to determine the antibody titer. Opinions and clinical observations about how these antibodies affect the clinical course of a disease vary among investigators. Some studies have demonstrated that antibody formation is associated with an abrogation of the clinical response, while others have not found any effects on the clinical course of a disease due to antibody presence.
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PMID:Biotherapy with interferon--1988. 246 49

The interferons are the first of a new class of biologic response modifiers that include, among others, the interleukins, colony-stimulating factors, erythropoietin, additional growth factors, and monoclonal antibodies. Interferons have exhibited important clinical activity in hematologic malignancies, lymphomas, and solid tumors. Specific diseases responding to interferons include hairy-cell leukemia (HCL), chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, multiple myeloma, superficial bladder carcinoma, malignant carcinoid, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related Kaposi's sarcoma, ovarian carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, and malignant melanoma. The potentially antigenic nature of the recombinant interferons can result in the formation of antibodies. These antibodies have been associated with the abrogation of some of the clinical responsiveness of some patients treated with interferons. It is hoped that the controversy existing over the role of antibody formation in treatment efficacy can be resolved by prospective trials using standardized methodology in such areas as assay type, sampling time, route of drug administration, treatment schedule, cumulative dose, and duration of treatment.
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PMID:Biotherapy in clinical practice. 247 4


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