Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor, has been used for patients with refractory multiple myeloma. We present a 58-year old man who had IgG-gamma-type multiple myeloma, refractory for MP (melphalan-predonisolone) and VAD (vincrisitine-doxorubicin-dexamethasone) therapy. He was complicated with reactivation of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) 4 weeks before bortezomib administration. Two weeks of consolidation treatment with standard dose valaciclovir caused VZV infection to settle down and, after a further 2 weeks, VZV remission was confirmed. Bortezomib was started at a dose of 1.3 mg/m2 with prophylactic use of valaciclovir for VZV reactivation, post-herpetic neuralgia exacerbated the following day and grade 3 neuralgia developed the following week without recurrence of skin eruption. Neuralgia improved after the cessation of bortezomib with various supportive treatments and interventions. Although the reactivation of VZV was suspicious, no apparent skin lesions were observed. Although the mechanisms of post-herpetic neuralgia and chemotherapy-induced neuropathy are different, bortezomib might enhance post-herpetic neuralgia independent of the manner of viral reactivation.
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PMID:[Aggravated post-herpetic neuralgia due to bortezomib]. 1857 10

We report three patients with ophthalmic herpes zoster (HZ) manifestations on the background diagnosis of multiple myeloma (MM). It seems that immunocompromised status has caused reactivation of the varicella zoster virus (VZV) producing a well-characterised neurological syndrome and subsequent postherpetic neuralgia in two patients. One patient experienced lymphocytic leptomeningitis resulting in unilateral optic neuritis. All patients received similar myeloma disease-specific treatment prior to HZ reactivation. All patients were treated with thalidomide and steroids, and they thereafter underwent autologous stem cell transplantation. Prior to HZ reactivation they received new immunomodulatory drugs in the form of thalidomide in addition to bortezomib (2 patients) and lenalidomide (1 patient). Immediate specific antiviral therapy was successfully applied with intravenous acyclovir for 10 days, followed by long-term oral famciclovir maintenance. Two patients progressed to have chronic HZ ophthalmicus and postherpetic neuralgia requiring ongoing antiviral therapy and neuroepileptic medications for the neuropathic pain.
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PMID:Ophthalmic manifestations of herpes zoster virus in patients with multiple myeloma following bone marrow transplantation. 2342 15

Most patients with multiple myeloma (MM) suffer from chronic pain at every stage of the natural disease process. This review focuses on the most common causes of chronic pain in MM patients: (1) pain from myeloma bone disease (MBD); (2) chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy as a possible consequence of proteasome inhibitor therapy (i.e., bortezomib-induced); (3) post-herpetic neuralgia as a possible complication of varicella zoster virus reactivation because of post-transplantation immunodepression; and (4) pain in cancer survivors, with increasing numbers due to the success of antiblastic treatments, which have significantly improved overall survival and quality of life. In this review, non-pain specialists will find an overview including a detailed description of physiopathological mechanisms underlying central sensitization and pain chronification in bone pain, the rationale for the correct use of analgesics and invasive techniques in different pain syndromes, and the most recent recommendations published on these topics. The ultimate target of this review was to underlie that different types of pain can be observed in MM patients, and highlight that only after an accurate pain assessment, clinical examination, and pain classification, can pain be safely and effectively addressed by selecting the right analgesic option for the right patient.
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PMID:Pain Management in Patients with Multiple Myeloma: An Update. 3186 Oct 97