Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report the case of a 61-year-old man with sharp pain, tender mass at the left lower one-third posterior tibial region. The patient has a 10-year history of multiple myeloma and related chemotherapy. A positron emission tomography computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging indicated the suspect of a posterior tibial nerve tumor. En bloc resection of the tumor was performed under guidance of nerve stimulator without resecting nerve trunk. Active nerve was reserved without any neuropathic pain. Histology revealed the presence of a peripheral schwannoma. In conclusion, the tibial nerve schwannoma appeared to be a whole nerve mass, but meticulous dissection showed that this tibial nerve schwannoma was a well-encapsulated tumor and can be separated from the nerve trunk with active nerve fibers reserved. Removal of the tumor made patient free of pain and asymptomatic after surgery. The level of clinical evidence is 4.
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PMID:Posterior tibial nerve schwannoma in a multiple myeloma patient: A case report. 3100 15

Sarcomas are malignancies of mesenchymal origin that occur in bone and soft tissues. Many are chemo- and radiotherapy resistant, thus conventional treatments fail to increase overall survival. Natural Killer (NK) cells exert anti-tumor activity upon detection of a complex array of tumor ligands, but this has not been thoroughly explored in the context of sarcoma immunotherapy. In this study, we investigated the NK cell receptor/ligand immune profile of primary human sarcoma explants. Analysis of tumors from 32 sarcoma patients identified the proliferative marker PCNA and DNAM-1 ligands CD112 and/or CD155 as commonly expressed antigens that could be efficiently targeted by genetically modified (GM) NK cells. Despite the strong expression of CD112 and CD155 on sarcoma cells, characterization of freshly dissociated sarcomas revealed a general decrease in tumor-infiltrating NK cells compared to the periphery, suggesting a defect in the endogenous NK cell response. We also applied a functional screening approach to identify relevant NK cell receptor/ligand interactions that induce efficient anti-tumor responses using a panel NK-92 cell lines GM to over-express 12 different activating receptors. Using GM NK-92 cells against primary sarcoma explants (n = 12) revealed that DNAM-1 over-expression on NK-92 cells led to efficient degranulation against all tested explants (n = 12). Additionally, NKG2D over-expression showed enhanced responses against 10 out of 12 explants. These results show that DNAM-1+ or NKG2D+ GM NK-92 cells may be an efficient approach in targeting sarcomas. The degranulation capacity of GM NK-92 cell lines was also tested against various established tumor cell lines, including neuroblastoma, Schwannoma, melanoma, myeloma, leukemia, prostate, pancreatic, colon, and lung cancer. Enhanced degranulation of DNAM-1+ or NKG2D+ GM NK-92 cells was observed against the majority of tumor cell lines tested. In conclusion, DNAM-1 or NKG2D over-expression elicited a dynamic increase in NK cell degranulation against all sarcoma explants and cancer cell lines tested, including those that failed to induce a notable response in WT NK-92 cells. These results support the broad therapeutic potential of DNAM-1+ or NKG2D+ GM NK-92 cells and GM human NK cells for the treatment of sarcomas and other malignancies.
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PMID:Boosting Natural Killer Cell-Mediated Targeting of Sarcoma Through DNAM-1 and NKG2D. 3208 16

A 77-year old female with a history of neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) was diagnosed with a spinal schwannoma that was managed conservatively over a decade. During this time, follow up imaging revealed this lesion had been growing and the patient had become symptomatic from it necessitating surgical decompression. However, the patient had been diagnosed with multiple myeloma and underwent treatment with Pomalidomide chemotherapy which delayed surgery for the spinal schwannoma. Further imaging of the spine revealed significant regression in the size of the spinal schwannoma. This phenomenon has not previously been reported and this report aims to explore the implications of Pomalidomide in patients with NF2 related spinal schwannomas.
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PMID:Regression of a spinal schwannoma after Pomalidomide. 3218 81


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