Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A monoclonal antibody, KM10 (IgG1) was produced by fusing spleen cells from a human gastric cancer cell-primed BALB/c mouse with the murine myeloma cell line X63-Ag8-653. The antibody reacted strongly with the plasma membrane of human gastro-intestinal carcinoma. Sections of both malignant and benign tissues were tested with immunoperoxidase. Ten of 10 (100%) large intestine cancers, 26 of 31 (84%) gastric cancers, 5 of 7 (71%) pancreatic cancers and 3 of 3 (100%) ampulla of Vater cancers reacted positively. Moderate or little reactivity was observed with normal human tissues and carcinomas of the liver, mammary, thyroid and adrenal glands. According to a study of the distribution of 125I-labeled KM10 in nude mice bearing human gastric cancer, KM10 selectively localized in tumor tissue rather than normal tissue. Whole-body autoradiography also supported such selective distribution. By enzyme treatment and Western blot analysis, the antigenic determinant of KM10 antigen was demonstrated to be protein with a MW of about 240,000.
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PMID:[A monoclonal antibody, KM10 reactive with human gastrointestinal cancer]. 245 46

Spleen cells from Balb/c mice immunized in sequence with five human gastric cancer cell lines were fused with murine myeloma cell line SP2/0. Hybridomas 3F4, 3G9 and 3H11 secreting monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against gastric cancer were obtained through selective culture and screening. These mAb produced by the immunization procedure have good selectivity and high positive rate in reaction on gastric cancer. The positive rate of reaction on gastric cancer cells and tissues could reach 5/5 and 84.8-93.5%, respectively, whereas there was almost no positive reaction on normal cells and tissues As there was no correlation between the positive reaction of gastric cancer and their histopathologic typing, and the cross reaction of mAb with other tumors and fetal gastrointestinal tissues was quite high, the corresponding antigens of these mAb were considered as extensive oncofetal antigens.
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PMID:[Monoclonal antibodies against gastric cancer and their selective reaction on various tissues]. 255 69

Over the past two decades, marked shifts have occurred in cancer mortality in the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Federal Republic of Germany. Stomach cancer mortality has declined sharply, while brain cancer and multiple myeloma increased nearly twofold for persons ages 75 to 84. Total cancer incidence in the United States, excluding lung cancer, has risen 27% since 1950, adjusted to the aging of the population. The origins of these trends are not known. The diet in the developed countries includes a number of naturally occurring, powerful anticarcinogens and carcinogens. To evaluate the role of these substances in the prevention and causation of human cancer, this paper reviews existing toxicologic and epidemiologic data. These data indicate that naturally occurring substances in food influence cancer initiation, promotion, progression, and demotion by a number of mechanisms, including (1) covalent binding to DNA of naturally occurring anticarcinogenic compounds to block the initiation of carcinogenesis; (2) induction of biotransforming enzymes such as cytochrome P450 and mixed-function oxidase (MFO) which can reduce carcinogenicity; (3) inhibition of tumor promotion by compounds such as retinol, tocopherol, and organosulfates found in garlic, onions, fruits, and vegetables; and (4) physical alteration of carcinogens by food constituents or by food preparation and handling so as to alter carcinogenicity. Systems have been proposed for estimating the relative ranking for humans of individually tested, experimental carcinogens, including some constituents of food. While qualitatively useful, such systems as the HERP Index do not take into account important interactions among naturally occurring and synthetic constituents in foods, nor do they permit examination of the possible role of evolved resistance. Common mixtures in food must be tested for carcinogenicity in human tissue cultures and in long-term rodent bioassays. Such studies need to examine whether the action of synthetic organic carcinogens may be inhibited by potent naturally occurring anticarcinogens.
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PMID:Natural anticarcinogens, carcinogens, and changing patterns in cancer: some speculation. 268 27

A computer-based file of all Veterans Administration (VA) hospitalisation records for the period 1969-1985 was used to identify and follow for cancer development a cohort of 5,161 white males with pernicious anaemia. A total of 34,915 person-years were accrued, with an average length of follow-up of 6.8 years. A total of 481 cancers were diagnosed, slightly higher than the number expected (SIR = 1.2). Significant excesses were observed for cancers of the buccal cavity and pharynx (1.8) and stomach (3.2), and for melanoma (2.1), multiple myeloma (2.1), myeloid leukaemia (3.7) and other and unspecified leukaemia (4.0). Although the excess for stomach cancer was highest in the first year after diagnosis in a VA hospital, risks of 2-fold or greater persisted throughout the study period. The majority of leukaemias occurred in the first year of follow-up, but some excess risk continued beyond this time. The elevated risk of buccal and pharyngeal cancers may relate to heavy alcohol intake among this population, although risks remained high even when the cohort was restricted to patients without an admission for alcoholism. Although an elevated risk of stomach cancer among pernicious anaemia patients is consistent with most previous surveys, the low absolute risk suggests that the cost-effectiveness of intensive screening should be reassessed.
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PMID:Cancer risk following pernicious anaemia. 273 18

From 1968 to 1983, age-specific cancer mortality for all cancers fell by 2.1% annually for men and women aged 35-44 and rose by 1.1% annually for men and 0.3% for women aged 75-84. In the 75-84 age group brain cancer mortality rose by 8% annually and multiple myeloma by 2.75%. Lung cancer mortality rose in men and women aged 45-84 (by 8.2% annually in 65-74 year-old women) but fell by over 3% annually in men aged 35-44. Stomach cancer declined by 4% annually in 75-84 year-olds and about 3% annually in 55-74 year-olds. These trends do not support the hypothesis that recent increases in specific cancers in the elderly chiefly reflect improved diagnosis of cases that would formerly have been misrepresented or miscoded.
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PMID:Trends in cancer mortality: US white males and females, 1968-83. 289 59

Spleen cells of Balb/c mice, immunized with gastric cancer cell MGC 803, were fused with murine myeloma cell NS-1. After selective culture, screening and subcloning, a hybridoma PC1 which produced monoclonal antibody (McAb) against MGC 803 cells was obtained. McAb PC1 bound strongly with 3/4 gastric cancer and 1/2 hepatoma cell lines, weakly with another gastric cancer and 2/2 lung cancer cell lines, but did not bind with the autologous and allogenic lymphocytes, ABO red blood cells, human fetal lung fibroblasts and normal bone marrow cells. The binding capacity of McAb PC1 to MGC 803 decreased significantly due to the absorption by MGC 803 cells, but was not affected by lymphocytes and CEA. The corresponding antigen of McAb PC1 was expressed on the surface of MGC 803 cells. It may be a gastric cancer-associated antigen.
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PMID:[Preparation and identification of monoclonal antibody against the gastric cancer cell line MGC 803]. 301 37

Monoclonal antibody (A9-84) against a hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (PLC/PRF-5) was produced by somatic cell fusion. The hybridoma clones were screened by a rapid solid-phase enzyme-linked binding assay. The target cells were cultured in 96-well Linbro plate and fixed by methanol for screening. The specificity of the antibody was studied by enzyme-linked binding assay and immunofluorescence methods. It shows that A9-84 do not respond to 8 different human cancer cell lines (4 liver cancer, 1 esophageal cancer, 1 stomach cancer, 1 multiple myeloma and 1 lymphoblast cell line) and the peripheral mononuclear cells of 91 normal subjects. A9-84 is the subtype of IgG3. It is capable of inhibiting the growth of cultured PLC/PRF/5 cells with or without complement.
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PMID:[Action of monoclonal antibody against a hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (PLC/PRF/5)]. 301 21

The B lymphocytes from pleural effusion of a gastric cancer patient were fused with murine myeloma cells (X63-Ag8.653). Thirty-four out of 62 clones were found to secrete human monoclonal antibodies (23 IgGs and 11 IgMs) by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Fourteen monoclonal antibodies were tested for histological reactivity with cancer and normal tissues by immunoperoxidase staining. Among them, two monoclonal antibodies reacted rather specifically with gastro-intestinal cancerous tissues. The human monoclonal antibody (HMoAb) 3B7 (IgG) reacted strongly with 4 out of 5 gastric carcinoma tissues and 2 out of 5 colonic carcinoma tissues, but did not react with non-cancerous tissues (stomach, colon, liver, pancreas and lung). In addition, HMoAb 3B7 reacted heterogeneously with autologous gastric carcinoma tissue sections. The hybridoma 3B7 has continued producing human monoclonal antibody for 12 months after fusion. By chromosomal analysis, it was shown that hybridoma 3B7 retains both human and mouse chromosomes. HMoAb 3B7 may be useful for research on tumor-associated antigens and therapeutic techniques.
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PMID:Preparation of human monoclonal antibodies of IgG type to gastro-intestinal cancer-associated antigen. 309 59

Production of human monoclonal antibodies reactive to stomach cancer was attempted by the hybridoma technique using splenic lymphocytes from stomach cancer patients. The parental cells used were NS-1 mouse myeloma line and three human lines including RPMI-1788 6TGR, which was established in our laboratories. Ten mouse-human and two human-human (from the fusion with RPMI-1788 6TGR) hybridomas have been producing IgM antibody for over 18 months, and all the heterohybridomas yielded ascites when transplanted into nude mice. Four antibodies produced by the heterohybridomas were selected and analyzed. These 4 antibodies, 3F6, 4A10, 3H5 and 1F9, reacted predominantly to cytoplasmic antigens of stomach and other epithelial cancer lines. The reactivity against human tumors transplantable in nude mice showed that all antibodies but 3F6 were reactive with stomach and lung cancers. Smears prepared from normal and cancer tissues were also tested, and these 4 antibodies showed positive reactions not only to stomach cancer, but also to normal stomach and colon. The reactivity against fetal tissues demonstrated that 3H5 antibody was reactive with epithelium of the stomach, and 1F9 antibody was positive with epithelium of the respiratory tract and bile duct, but the other two were negative. Thus, the serological analysis showed that the antigens detected are not tumor-specific, but are differentiation antigens. Chromosome analysis of these 4 mouse-human hybridomas and another one, which seems to produce an antibody against keratin, showed that three retained human chromosome 14 on which immunoglobulin heavy chain (Ig H) gene is located, but two did not. Southern blot analysis, however, revealed that all 5 hybridomas had a human Ig H gene.
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PMID:Human monoclonal antibody reactive to stomach cancer produced by mouse-human hybridoma technique. 309 22

Concentrations of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) were measured by a specific radioimmunoassay in the brain of 11 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and 6 controls (myocardial infarction, gastric cancer, multiple myeloma, cerebrovascular disease, amyloid neuropathy). TRH was found in all parts of the dissected brain tissues (pedunculus cerebri, corpus callosum, capsula interna, motor area) in patients with ALS and controls. The TRH concentrations in the brain of patients with ALS were significantly lower in the pedunculus cerebri, compared with controls, and tended to decrease in the motor area and corpus callosum, but not significantly. Changes in TRH concentrations did not always correlate with pathohistological changes. These findings suggest that TRH is widely distributed in the human brain and decreases in some part of the ALS brain.
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PMID:Concentrations of thyrotropin-releasing hormone in the brain of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. 309 27


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