Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Malaria still remains a serious health problem in large areas of the world, and in this article, recent research progress mainly made by us toward malaria vaccine development has been reviewed. 1) Peptide vaccines (antigens) of immunodominant tetrapeptide repeats (NANP and NVDP) of the circumsporozoite surface protein of the malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, were genetically produced in E. coli as a fusion protein with a part of human growth hormone, which has affected on the conformations and immunogenicities of the peptide vaccines. 2) Monoclonal antibodies against the peptide antigens were produced by fusion of mouse spleen cells with myeloma cells, and the F (ab's) obtained by partial digestion of the antibodies with papain were used for the measurement of the dissociation constants of the antigen-antibody complexes. The amino acid sequence of the Hv region in F(ab) domain was also deduced from its nucleotide sequence.
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PMID:[Structural studies of malaria vaccine]. 129 14

A variety of tubular marker proteins, as compared to healthy controls, are excreted at an increased rate in the urine of patients with renal damage. Beside cytoplasmic glutathione-S-transferase and lysosomal beta-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase (beta-NAG) the majority of kidney-related urine proteins derives from membrane surface components of the most vulnerable proximal tubule epithelia, among them ala-(leu-gly)-aminopeptidase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), the tubular portion of angiotensinase A, the major brush border glycoprotein 'SGP-240' and adenosine-deaminase-binding protein. Urinary tissue proteins, e.g. brush border (BB) microvilli, are immunologically identical with those antigens prepared from cell membranes of the human kidney itself. BB antigens are shed into the urine of patients with glomerulonephritis, interstitial nephritis, systemic diseases, e.g. systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), diabetes mellitus and multiple myeloma, arterial hypertension, infectious diseases (malaria, AIDS) and after operations, renal grafting and administration of X-ray contrast media, aminoglycosides or certain cytostatics (cis-platinum). Tissue proteinuria of tubular proteins is determined by enzyme-kinetic or quantitative immunological assays applying either poly- or monoclonal antikidney antibodies. Clinical, ultrastructural and histochemical studies support the idea that both 'soluble' and high-molecular-weight membrane particles (vacuolar blebs, greater than 10(6) dalton) as well as microfilamental components of the epithelial cytoskeleton contribute to tubular 'histuria' which appears as a sensitive parameter in monitoring tubular damage under clinical conditions at a very early phase.
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PMID:Urinary proteins of tubular origin: basic immunochemical and clinical aspects. 225 76

A total of 204 sera, taken from healthy individuals or from individuals with various parasitic and bacterial infections, were examined by the indirect haemagglutination test. The tests were carried out using either a thermo-stable lipoprotein or unfractionated hydatid cyst fluid, and a titre of 1:64 or above was considered positive. Sixty-two of 70 sera from individuals with surgically-confirmed hydatid disease showed positive reactions with the thermo-stable lipoprotein--a sensitivity of 88%. No false positive reactions were obtained with sera from healthy individuals or from individuals with parasitic or bacterial infections, and no cross-reactions were observed with sera from individuals with multiple myeloma. The lipoprotein antigen thus showed a specificity of 100%. A sensitivity of 88% was obtained with the indirect haemagglutination test using whole hydatid cyst fluid; but positive reactions were obtained from healthy individuals and from individuals with schistosomiasis, leishmaniasis, taeniasis and malaria. No cross-reactions were obtained with sera from patients with gonorrhoea, syphilis or multiple myeloma. Because of the high sensitivity and specificity shown by the thermo-stable lipoprotein ('Antigen 880'), it is considered that this antigen is more useful than unfractionated hydatid cyst fluid in the diagnosis of human hydatidosis in Kenya.
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PMID:Diagnosis of human hydatid disease in surgically-confirmed cases by the use of the indirect haemagglutination test based on a thermo-stable lipoprotein and on unfractionated hydatid cyst fluid. 260 68

This communication reports on the usefulness of the IHA test and the ELISA in the diagnosis of human hydatid disease. The study was conducted on 40 surgically confirmed cases of hydatid disease, 40 normal individuals, and sera from individuals with various parasitic infections and other conditions namely: hook-worm-8, taeniasis-5, schistosomiasis-10, malaria-15, visceral leishmaniasis-12, multiple myeloma-3, syphilis-6, and gonorrhoea-10. The results show a sensitivity of 85% and specificity of 100%. The results indicate that it is no longer scientifically rational to hold the view that the Turkana do not mount adequate immune response against Echinococcus infections.
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PMID:Usefulness of indirect haemagglutination (IHA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the diagnosis of human hydatidosis. 267 69

Serum pools from mice undergoing lethal infection with Plasmodium berghei inhibit the growth of an IL2-dependent mouse cytotoxic T cell line (CTLL). A partially purified preparation of the inhibitory factor specifically inhibited IL2-mediated events such as IL2-dependent CTLL growth and the Con A mitogenic response of normal mouse spleen cells. Production of and response to IL1, as well as growth of myeloma lines, was not affected. Administration of the partially purified preparation to normal mice resulted in a significant depression in IL2 production, thereby indicating a role for the inhibitory factor in maintaining immune depression in malaria-infected mice.
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PMID:Characterization of a specific inhibitor of IL2-mediated proliferation from serum of Plasmodium berghei infected mice. 305 90

Monoclonal antibodies recognizing various facets of the malaria parasite Plasmodium berghei and of the infected erythrocyte were obtained after generation of hybridomas between spleen cells from immunized mice and myeloma cells. The monoclonal antibodies were characterized by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, indirect immunofluorescence, immunoprecipitation of [35S]methionine-labeled proteins and immunoblotting. The most readily identified antigen was a parasite surface-associated protein of 230 kDa which is similar to the polymorphic schizont antigen described in a number of malarial species. In addition, three distinct antigens of 13, 31 and 120 kDa, which are external to the parasite, but within the infected erythrocyte were identified.
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PMID:Characterization of monoclonal antibodies directed against erythrocytic stage antigens of Plasmodium berghei. 353 9

Serum IgG concentration was lower in Jamaicans than in Nigerians. The maternalfoetal IgG ratio was also lower in Jamaican sera than in Nigerian sera. It is suggested that endemic malaria in Nigeria may be responsible for these differences. The higher IgM concentration in the Nigerian cord sera may be further evidence of this. Eighteen new cases of myeloma were detected in Jamaicans between August 1966 and May 1967. Based on Gm typing, only two of these showed evidence of mixed white ancestry. All the others had the typical Gm groups of Negroes. Similarly, only two patients out of a total of 17 with malignant lymphoma showed evidence of mixed white ancestry. Twelve of the patients with myeloma showed serum proteins of the IgG type, five were IgA, and one had only light chains in the serum. The majority of the patients had myeloma protein of the kappa type. The Gm typing suggested that six patients had myeloma protein of the gamma1 heavy chain subclass, and one patient had a gamma3 subclass heavy chain, the remainder belonging most likely to the gamma2 heavy chain subclass since gamma2 occurs about four times as frequently as gamma4.
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PMID:Immunoglobulins in Jamaicans and Nigerians with immunogenetic typing of myeloma and lymphoma in Jamaicans. 419 93

Sera from 78 patients with acute malaria were tested for antibodies to intermediate filaments (IFs) by indirect immunofluorescence. Eighty-two per cent of the sera contained antibody which stained the IFs in human fetal skin fibroblasts and/or HEp2 cells. In contrast, only 8% of sera taken from blood donors gave weak positive staining of IFs and no staining was observed with 42 myeloma sera which were also tested as controls. In most cases autoantibodies were of the IgM class. Erythrocytes parasitized with Plasmodium falciparum failed to stain when reacted with non-malarial anti-IF antibody positive serum.
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PMID:Antibody to intermediate filaments of the cytoskeleton in the sera of patients with acute malaria. 636 34

The capacity of Plasmodia to synthesize sialic acids was investigated by adding radioactive acetate to short-term in vitro cultures of the intraerythrocytic asexual forms of three malaria parasites (the human malaria Plasmodium falciparum in Aotus trivirgatus erythrocytes; the simian malaria P. knowlesi in rhesus monkey erythrocytes; the rodent malaria P. berghei in mouse erythrocytes) and to cultures of extracellular zygotes of the avian malaria P. gallinaceum. Radioactive acetate was added to normal rhesus monkey erythrocytes and to cells of the murine myeloma NS-1 for comparison. Although [1-14C]-acetate labeled many proteins with each malaria parasite and the NS-1 cells, analysis of purified sialic acids revealed that only with the NS-1 cells was radioactivity incorporated into sialic acids. Furthermore, N-acetyl[6-3H]mannosamine was not incorporated into sialic acids or malarial glycoproteins when added to P. knowlesi cultures. All of the malaria parasites underwent growth or differentiation during these experiments as measured by [35S]methionine uptake into protein and by light microscopy. Extracellular parasites largely free of erythrocyte membranes were prepared to determine whether Plasmodia contain sialic acids that are not labeled by exogenous precursors. Purified merozoites of P. knowlesi and zygotes of P. gallinaceum did not contain detectable amounts of sialic acids on chemical analysis. Thus, although we could show that Plasmodia can incorporate radioactive sugars such as glucosamine, galactose and mannose into proteins, presumably glycoproteins, they do not synthesize sialic acids or sialo-glycoproteins, nor do they contain sialo-glycoconjugates of host origin.
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PMID:Malaria parasites do not contain or synthesize sialic acids. 637 Aug 20

Mouse myeloma cells were fused with blood stage forms of the rodent malaria parasite Plasmodium chabaudi and with promastigotes of Leishmania donovani, the causative agent of kala-azar in man. The fusion was carried out by polyethylene glycol treatment. The parasites provided the enzyme which enabled the hybrids to grow in selective medium containing aminopterin. Clones of parasite-myeloma hybrids grown in continuous culture for up to 5 months expressed parasite antigen and induced anti-parasite antibodies in mice.
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PMID:Production of hybrids of mouse myeloma cells and protozoa which express parasite antigens. 637 72


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