Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The case notes of patients with blood cultures positive for enterobacteriaceae were examined retrospectively over a 6-month period in Parirenyatwa Hospital, Harare, Zimbabwe. Speciation was possible for Salmonella typhi and shigellae only. Nontyphoidal salmonellae were serotyped. Salmonella or shigella bacteremia was identified in 51 patients. There were 14 isolates of S. typhi, 32 isolates of nontyphoidal salmonellae, and 5 isolates of shigellae species. The case notes of 38 patients could be identified for review, and of these HIV serology was available for 15 seropositive and 15 seronegative patients. The male to female ratio was approximately 3:1 for both groups and the mean age was 29.7 +or- 21. Nontyphoidal bacteremias as compared with typhoid fever were strongly associated with HIV seropositivity [p 0.01]. 3 out of 8 HIV-negative patients with nontyphoidal bacteremia had another underlying immunosuppressive disease [2 had myeloma and 1 patient had cirrhosis with complicating hepatoma]. 2 patients with nontyphoidal bacteremia whose HIV status was unknown also had another immunosuppressing disease [acute myeloid leukemia and idiopathic pancytopenia]. 13 out of 15 HIV-positive patients showed other signs of HIV infection [oral candida, herpes zoster, persistent generalized lymphadenopathy]. 3 out of 11 patients [27%] with typhoid died, while 11 out of 27 patients [40.7%] with nontyphi bacteremia died. Most strains of S. typhimurium were included in serogroup B, which accounted for 37% of nontyphoidal isolates. Earlier studies identified invasive salmonellosis in patients with other AIDS defining diseases. In Nairobi clinical features of HIV infection were found in 64% of bacteremic HIV-positive patients, but only 28% of patients fulfilled the CDC clinical case definition for AIDS. A more recent study from Nairobi demonstrated that S. typhimurium bacteremia is a common cause of intercurrent infection in HIV-positive tuberculous patients.
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PMID:Salmonella and shigella bacteraemia in Zimbabwe. 813 Nov 97

A patient with a three year history of POEMS syndrome-polyneuropathy, hepatosplenomegaly M-protein, skin changes, optic disc edema, peripheral oedema, pleuritis, lymphadenopathy, and osteosclerotic myeloma is described. The patient had a twenty year history of psoriasis and impotence was the first sign of the disease. The pathophysiology of this multisystem disorder is unknown, although the M-protein is essential. No improvement was found after radiation, chemotherapy and steroid treatment.
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PMID:Polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy and skin changes (POEMS) syndrome. 818 Sep 8

Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML/Rosai-Dorfman disease) has, on rare occasions been identified as an isolated phenomenon in lymph nodes affected by malignant lymphomas. The Registry includes four cases of SHML in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and one with multiple myeloma. SHML has more recently been recorded as a focal finding in lymph nodes involved by Hodgkin's disease of the mixed cellularity type. We report two patients presenting with lymphadenopathy caused by involvement by nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin's disease with focal changes of SHML, an association not previously recorded in the literature. Responsiveness of the histiocytic cells of SHML to B-cell derived cytokines is postulated as a mechanism for this phenomenon, an hypothesis previously raised in regard to the association of focal Langerhans cell histiocytosis with Hodgkin's disease and with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.
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PMID:Focal changes of sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (Rosai-Dorfman disease) associated with nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin's disease. 852 13

The occurrence of multiple myeloma is described in a patient receiving phenytoin (diphenylhydantoin) for 43 years. In this article, five cases of multiple myeloma and one of immunoblastic lymphadenopathy associated with diclonal gammopathy diagnosed after longterm phenytoin therapy are reviewed. These cases are characterized by lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, and no or equivocal bone lesions, which are quite unusual in multiple myeloma. Because of the association of lymphomas with phenytoin, the role of the drug in the etiology of multiple myeloma or plasma cell dyscrasias is still in controversy, but highly suspected. It is suggested that a periodic examination of patients receiving phenytoin may be useful in an early detection of M-component. The possibility of reversing multiple myeloma by removal of phenytoin early in the course of the disease should be investigated.
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PMID:[Multiple myeloma associated with phenytoin (diphenylhydantoin) therapy]. 872 49

A 66-year-old man presented with gastrointestinal symptoms and acute renal failure. He had paraproteinemia and tested positive for antinuclear antibodies. There was no evidence for autoimmune disorder or amyloidosis, and bone marrow biopsy was not consistent with multiple myeloma. Three months later he presented with diffuse lymphadenopathy and right lung mass, and lymph node histology revealed metastatic squamous cell carcinoma. This association of paraproteinemia and nonlymphatic neoplasia is unusual and still very rare. A review of the literature is presented.
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PMID:Renal failure, paraproteinemia, and lung squamous cell carcinoma. 915 68

Multiple myeloma typically presents with monoclonal proteinemia, marrow plasmacytosis, anemia, bony involvement, hypercalcemia and renal insufficiency. Less frequent presentations include hepatic and splenic enlargement (5% of cases), lymphadenopathy (4%) and biclonal gammopathy (1%). Chemotherapy may produce remissions in 50% of cases, but relapses are the rule and mean survival is approximately 2.5 years. To improve survival, marrow transplantation is being explored as a therapeutic modality in younger patients. In this report we describe a unique case of multiple myeloma presenting clinically as lymphoma. The patient presented with fever, widespread lymphadenopathy and pleuropulmonary involvement and responded promptly to multiagent doxorubicin-based chemotherapy. This was followed by high-dose chemotherapy and allogeneic bone marrow transplantation and the patient remains in remission more than 36 months post transplant. This case report suggests that myeloma simulating lymphoma may be a chemosensitive and potentially curable myeloma variant.
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PMID:Multiple myeloma presenting clinically as lymphoma. 949 20

A case of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with features mimicking that of multiple myeloma is reported. A 67-year-old man presented with lymphadenopathy and the classic constellation of symptoms and signs of multiple myeloma, including generalised bone pain, hypercalcemia and multiple osteolytic lesions on the skeletal survey. However, cervical lymph node biopsy showed diffuse large cell lymphoma and marrow aspirate showed infiltration with lymphoma cells different in both morphology and surface markers to myeloma cells.
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PMID:Malignant lymphoma masquerading as multiple myeloma. 961 93

We reported a case of primary macroglobulinemia with stomach and pulmonary invasion. The patient was 71 years-old who had cervical lymphadenopathy and abdominal pain. Biopsy material of cervical lymph node showed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and he was diagnosed primary macroglobulinemia by IgM immunological histo-chemical staining of materials of stomach biopsies. Combination chemotherapies were not effective for the reduction of IgM-lambda protein, and organ invasion seemed to be progressive, so we tried interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) to control M component. Daily injection of 6 megaunits of IFN-alpha induced significant reduction of M component and pulmonary invasion. This favorable changes were observed for 1 year. However, his pulmonary invasion on X-ray films relapsed and he died of respiratory failure by reason of severe pneumonia. IFN-alpha is currently available for myeloproliferative disease, especially chronic myelogenous leukemia and multiple myeloma. This case report showed that IFN-alpha was also available for primary macroglobulinemia.
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PMID:[Interferon-alpha treatment for chemotherapy-resistant primary macroglobulinemia with stomach and lung invasion]. 975 16

This study retrospectively reviewed the findings in laparoscopic biopsy specimens from 51 consecutive patients with suspected abdominal lymphoproliferative disorders. Histologic evaluation was supplemented (as necessary) by paraffin-section or frozen-section immunohistochemical analysis or by Southern blot hybridization. The laparoscopic procedure was diagnostic of a lymphoproliferative disorder in 24 patients (47%), of other neoplasms in 5 patients (10%), and of reactive tissue in 11 patients (22%); no tissue could be obtained for technical reasons (adhesions and inaccessible lesions) in 11 patients (22%). The 24 patients with lymphoproliferative disorders diagnosed by laparoscopic techniques included 14 patients with a new diagnosis of lymphoma and 10 patients with recurrent disease; pathologic findings were diagnostic of diffuse large cell lymphoma (11 patients), follicular lymphoma (11 patients), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (1 patient), and lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin's disease (1 patient). Previous abdominal cytologic or core-needle biopsy specimens from 11 lymphoma patients did not yield an unequivocal diagnosis or subtype of lymphoma. The 11 patients (22%) in whom laparoscopic techniques did not produce a tissue sample needed laparotomy (10 patients) or femoral lymph node biopsy (1 patient) to document the diagnosis of large cell lymphoma (2 patients), follicular lymphoma (5 patients), composite lymphoma (1 patient), myeloma (1 patient), neurofibroma (1 patient), and reactive lymph nodes (1 patient). In the majority of patients with suspected abdominal lymphoma, laparoscopic techniques provide sufficient tissue for the diagnosis and classification of lymphoma and for the diagnosis of other causes of abdominal lymphadenopathy.
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PMID:Laparoscopic biopsy for suspected abdominal lymphoma. 975 62

Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) has been found to be associated with three different diseases observed in Aids patients: Kaposi's sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma, which is a rare type of non-Hodgkin lymphomas affecting the body cavities, and multicentric Castleman's disease. The role of this new herpesvirus and other lymphoid proliferations, like angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy or multiple myeloma, is much debatable. To date, there are several evidences for a direct role of this virus in the occurrence of the Kaposi's sarcoma, although the hypothesis of a passenger virus hypothesis cannot be totally excluded. In vitro, HHV8 is sensitive to some anti-herpesvirus drugs like foscarnet, cidofovir and adefovir, but the indications of these therapies in the prevention or the treatment of the Kaposi's sarcoma have not been documented so far.
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PMID:[Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8). II. Pathogenic role and sensitivity to antiviral drugs]. 992 Sep 63


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