Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

One hundred consecutive patients with an ESR of 100 mm or more in the first hour admitted to a general medical unit were studied. Their mean age was 67 years and forty-seven were male. Three patients recovered without a satisfactory diagnosis. In thirty-three of the remainder a single diagnosis was considered responsible for the elevation of the ESR, and in the others multiple diagnoses were found. Infection was found in 60% of patients, malignancy in 28% (including 7% with myelomatosis), rheumatoid disease in 20% and renal disease in 11%. 34% of patients died within 6 months of entry into the study. In the absence of rheumatoid disease or a paraproteinaemia, elevation of the ESR in excess of 60 mm in the first hour at 1 month or longer was associated with a particularly poor prognosis. This study has shown the diagnostic implications of an ESR of 100 mm or more in the first hour and the prognostic significance of a persistent elevation of the ESR.
 ...
PMID:The significance of gross elevations of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate in a general medical unit. 11 19

Infection of mouse myeloma cells (MPC-11) with vesicular stomatitis (VS) virus resulted in rapid and marked reduction in cellular RNA synthesis considerably before cell viability was compromised. Mouse myeloma cells responded maximally to viral infection at a multiplicity of 1 and were considerably more se;sitive to shut-off of RNA synthesis than were mouse L cells or BHK-21 cells. This inhibition of cellular RNA synthesis was shown not to be caused by differential membrane permeability of infected and uninfected MPC-11 cells to [3H]uridine, nor was it due to greater degradation of previously synthesized RNA. VS viral infection appeared not to impede transport of newly synthesized nuclear RNA to the cytoplasm; moreover, infected cells accumulated polyadenylated mRNA at the same rate as did uninfected cells. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of newly synthesized nuclear RNA demonstrated that the polydisperse nature and size distribution were not affected by VS viral infection. Isolated nuclei of infected MPC-11 cells also inhibited greatly impaired capacity to synthesize RNA despite the absence of cytoplasmic factors. Infected-cell cytosol did not inhibit transcription by uninfected-cell nuclei, nor did uninfected-cell cytosol reverse viral inhibition of nuclear transcription. Studies with alpha-amanitin revealed that VS viral infection inhibited the activity of polymerases I, II, and III, but only polymerase II was affected progressively throughout infection and to a much greater extent. These data suggest that, even at low multiplicities of infection, VS virus rapidly shuts off cellular RNA synthesis at the level of nuclear transcription.
 ...
PMID:Inhibition of RNA synthesis in mouse myeloma cells infected with vesicular stomatitis virus. 20 71

Infection of mouse myeloma (MPC-11) cells with vesicular stomatitis virus resulted in rapid loss in activity of cellular RNA polymerases associated with nuclear chromatin. No RNA polymerase inhibitor could be detected in extracts of infected cell nuclei. Reconstitution experiments with solubilized RNA polymerases dissociated from chromatin of infected and uninfected cells demonstrated that vesicular stomatitis viral infection did not affect the ability of the polymerases to function on endogenous or exogenous templates; nor did infection alter the template capability of the chromatin. Measurement of the number of actively growing RNA chains revealed that infected cell nuclei contained fewer active polymerase units; however, the rates of RNA chain elongation were the same in nuclei from infected and uninfected cells. Quantitation of the number of polymerase units active in nuclear chromatin revealed that the alpha-amantin-sensitive polymerase II was more severely reduced by viral infection than were polymerases I and III.
 ...
PMID:Vesicular stomatitis virus infection reduces the number of active DNA-dependent RNA polymerases in myeloma cells. 22 70

A review of 869 cases of multiple myeloma seen at the Mayo Clinic from 1960 through 1971 revealed that 98% of patients were 40 years of age or older and that 61% of them were males. Inital findings were bone pain in 68% of patients, anemia in 62%, renal insufficiency in 55%, hypercalcemia in 30%, a palpable liver in 21%, and a palpable spleen in 5%. Proteinuria was noted in 88% and Bence Jones proteinuria was identified in 49%. Skeletal roentgenographic abnormalities were seen in 79%. Serum protein electrophoresis showed a spike in 76%, hypogammaglobulinemia in 9%, and minor or no abnormalities in 15%, and a globulin spike was seen 75% of the urinary electrophoretic patterns. Immunoelectrophoresis of the serum revealed a monoclonal heavy chain in 83% and a monoclonal light chain in the serum, in 8% (Bence Jones proteinemia). Three patients had no monoclonal protein in the serum or the urine ("nonsecretory"). Amyloidosis was found in 7% of the patients. Follow-up information was obtained in 99.7% ; 82% of the 869 patients have died. Infection and renal insufficiency were the most common specific causes of death. The median survival was 20 months; 66% of the patients were alive at 1 year and 18% at 5 years.
 ...
PMID:Multiple myeloma: review of 869 cases. 1252 72

Mouse hybridoma clones were examined for their ability to support replication of herpes simplex virus (HSV). Infection of hybridoma clone 1 cells producing an antibody not specific for HSV resulted in a persistent infection with a continuous production of infectious virus, whereas infection of the parental myeloma cells X63-Ag8.653 led to an abundant virus production and extinction of the culture. In contrast, infection of hybridoma cells producing HSV-specific antibodies was restricted to a few weeks. Infectious virus was isolated for a maximum of 10 days and, afterwards, viral antigens were detected by immunofluorescence for a maximum of 18 days. The neutralizing capacity of the antibodies was not essential since the pattern of infection in clone III E8 cells, producing a non-neutralizing antibody, did not differ from that observed in clones 2c and VI A6, which produced highly and weakly neutralizing antibodies, respectively. After loss of viral antigen, HSV DNA was no longer detected by Southern blot hybridization in hybridoma clone 2c cells. Since no difference other than the specificity of the produced antibodies is suspected between the hybridoma clones, the results suggest that the presence of HSV-specific antibodies in the B-lymphoid cell cultures is responsible for virus elimination from the cells.
 ...
PMID:Herpes simplex virus-specific hybridoma cells cannot be persistently infected with this virus. 133 Sep 72

Autologous reinfusion of circulating haemopoietic progenitor and stem cells (blood stem cell transplantation) has emerged as an alternative to autologous bone marrow transplantation in a variety of malignant diseases. Major obstacles associated with harvest of blood stem cells by leukapheresis are: 1. relatively high costs, and 2. discomfort caused to the patient, as generally five to ten settings of leukapheresis are necessary to harvest a number of blood stem cells sufficient for haemopoietic restitution following myeloablative therapy. GM-CSF recently has been shown to effectively increase circulating haemopoietic cells, when given subsequent to even highly-toxic therapy. This report summarizes our data on mobilization of blood stem cells by GM-CSF cells in multiple myeloma patients.
Infection 1992
PMID:Mobilization of circulating haemopoietic cells (blood stem cells) by GM-CSF in patients with malignancies. 136 63

Studies with cefodizime in animals have shown that this new aminothiazolyl cephalosporin, possessing a broad antibacterial spectrum, positively influences a number of immunological parameters. In most investigations in which different dosage regimens were compared, a bell-shaped dose-response relationship was determined, i.e. activity after higher doses returned to near-baseline levels. This finding is typical of most immunomodulating agents. On this basis, the results obtained in healthy subjects were reviewed. Studies for investigating the biological response modifying (BRM) properties of cefodizime have been conducted in this population with either 2 g once daily i.v. or--in the majority--with 2 x 2 g/day i.v. After seven days of treatment with 1 x 2 g daily, no relevant changes could be demonstrated in healthy subjects, whereas there was an increase in monocyte and granulocyte chemotaxis in a parallel group of patients with multiple myeloma. In contrast, treatment with 2 x 2 g daily induced higher lymphocyte responsiveness and significantly increased nonspecific phagocytosis of both neutrophils and monocytes. The experience in healthy volunteers clearly demonstrates that the latter dose, usually the highest required for antibiotic treatment with cefodizime, is still located on the upward slope of the dose-response curve of positive BRM effects.
Infection 1992
PMID:Cefodizime host-defence enhancement: considerations of dose-response relationships in healthy volunteers. 152 78

The effects of cefodizime (CDZ) on non-specific immunity in patients with multiple myeloma were studied in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. A total of 51 patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma were admitted to the study, 27 of whom received CDZ 2 gi.v. once daily for seven days and 24 ascorbic acid 1 g daily i.v. for one week. Granulocyte chemotaxis, neutrophil biochemiluminescence and phagocytosis were determined at baseline, and at 48 h after the last dose. At baseline, chemiluminescence, phagocytosis and, to a lesser extent, granulocyte chemotaxis were diminished in both patient groups compared to healthy volunteers. After treatment, a significant increase in chemiluminescence and phagocytosis was observed in the CDZ group, while a slight increase in granulocyte chemotaxis did not reach statistical significance. No changes were observed in the control group. It is concluded that CDZ enhanced non-specific immune mechanisms in patients with multiple myeloma.
Infection 1992
PMID:Effects of cefodizime on non-specific immune functions in patients with multiple myeloma. 152 82

One hundred and forty-one patients with multiple myeloma, diagnosed at the City Hospital, Nottingham between January 1975 and October 1986, were followed until death or for at least two years in a retrospective study. Overall median survival was 25 months, with no significant improvement occurring during the study period; increasing age, ESR and serum creatinine concentration at diagnosis were independent predictors of shortened survival. Renal impairment developed in 56 per cent of patients but only 7 per cent died of renal failure. At least one episode of infection occurred in 55 per cent of patients, most commonly in the first month. There was a significant rise in the overall incidence of infection and in the proportion caused by Gram-negative bacteria during the study period. Raised serum urea and low haemoglobin concentrations at diagnosis were independent risk factors for subsequent infection. Infection was associated with 2.75-fold increased risk of death, independent of other risk factors. Prevention of infection is an important aim for improvements in the survival of patients in multiple myeloma.
 ...
PMID:Perspectives in multiple myeloma: survival, prognostic factors and disease complications in a single centre between 1975 and 1988. 194 32

Two patients with chronic neutrophilic leukemia, a rare myeloproliferative syndrome, are reported with a review of the literature. The major features of the 34 collected cases (including the two patients reported here) were persistent leukocytosis simulating a leukemoid reaction, hepatosplenomegaly, hyperuricemia, increased vitamin B12 blood level, increased leukocyte alkaline phosphatase and absence of the Philadelphia chromosome. Infection was the leading cause of death. Concomitant multiple myeloma was found in eight patients.
 ...
PMID:[Chronic neutrophilic leukemia: apropos of 2 cases and review of the literature]. 208 13


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Next >>