Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Transplantation experiments in the C57BL/KaLwRij mouse model of idiopathic paraproteinemia (IP) showed that an IP-producing clone can be further propagated in young, lethally irradiated mice and also equally as well in nonirradiated recipients by a bone marrow and/or spleen cell transfer. The latency period before the original paraprotein was detected in the sera of recipients varied in different experiments between 1 and 9 months after transplantation. With subsequent transplantations, the "take" frequency gradually decreased. Propagation of IP for three to four generations seems to be the final limit. In comparison to age-matched seems to be the final limit. In comparison to age-matched control groups, no substantial influence of the transplanted IP on the survival of the recipients was observed. In contrast, transplantation of cells from mice with a B cell lymphoma or a myeloma led to continuous propagation of the malignancy, with a high "take" frequency, progressive development of the paraproteinemia, and a shortened survival time of the recipients. These findings indicate that IP represents in its final stage in the aging C57BL mice an intrinsic cellular defect within the affected B cell clone, which is, however, different from that found in B cell malignancies.
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PMID:Idiopathic paraproteinemia. II. Transplantation of the paraprotein-producing clone from old to young C57BL/KaLwRij mice. 36 43

Histiocytic lymphoma of the ileocecal region developed in a patient with multiple myeloma following successful long-term alkylating agent therapy. Five and one-half years after the diagnosis of myeloma, while in remission on cyclophosphamide therapy, the patient experienced severe abdominal right lower quadrant pain due to a large cecal lymphoma. A right hemicolectomy was performed with relief of symptoms. However, 9 months later, while still asymptomatic, routine physical examination revealed a recurrent right lower quadrant tumor. Radiation therapy decreased the size of the mass, but five months later partial small bowel obstruction occurred because of recurrent lymphomatous infiltration. The patient died 7 years after the diagnosis of myeloma with extensive abdominal lymphoma. There was no evidence of recurrent myeloma after the initial remission on cyclophosphamide therapy. This patient adds to the growing literature of a second malignancy occurring after prolonged successful chemotherapy of a primary neoplasm.
Cancer 1979 Feb
PMID:Histiocytic lymphoma of the ileocecal region after chemotherapy for multiple myeloma. 36 75

The results of chemotherapy in 24 patients with extramedullary plasmacytoma are reported. Complete regressions, including disappearance of monoclonal paraprotein and healing of bone lesions, were seen in 12 of 20 (60%) patients with disseminated disease. Extramedullary plasmacytoma responds better to chemotherapy than myeloma, and treatment should be pursued with vigour until all signs of disease have disappeared. Sensitivity to single-agent chemotherapy may vary, and if treatment fails with one agent, others should be tried.
Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1978
PMID:Chemotherapy in the management of extramedullary plasmacytoma. 37 17

Of 2907 bone marrow aspirations in patients with various malignancies, 192 or 6.6% exhibited 'dry tap'. In about 80% of the 'dry tap' there was material present inside the bone marrow needle which gave smears useful for evaluation of the bone marrow cytology. About 23% displayed normal cytology. Bone marrow involvement could be diagnosed in 13 out of 55 'dry tap' in Hodgkin's disease, 41 out of 46 in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and lymphosarcoma, 6 out of 20 in reticulum cell sarcoma, 6 out of 9 in myelomatosis and 20 out of 45 in carcinoma. In a material of 174 aspirations with tumour cells in the bone marrow aspirate, the highest incidence of 'dry tap' was found in patients with Hodgkin's disease and patients with carcinoma, the lowest incidence in patients with multiple myeloma.
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PMID:Incidence of 'dry tap' on bone marrow aspirations in lymphomas and carcinomas. Diagnostic value of the small material in the needle. 38 44

Two patients with multiple myeloma are described in whom an unusual complication developed: pleural effusion containing myeloma cells. There are 7 previously reported cases of myeloma in the English literature with this type of effusion. Pleural effusion in myeloma may be due to plasma cell infiltration of the pleura, congestive heart failure, pulmonary embolism, nephrotic syndrome, and second neoplasms. In view of these multiple etiologies, diagnostic thoracentesis should be performed in order to treat the effusion appropriately.
Cancer 1979 Sep
PMID:Pleural effusion in multiple myeloma. 38 71

The nitrosoureas (BCNU, CCNU, methyl CCNU) represent a new class of antineoplastic agents with a broad spectrum of antitumor activity. They are cell-cycle nonspecific cytotoxic agents. Postulated modes of action and pharmacology of these nitrosoureas are reviewed. Their therapeutic effectiveness as single agents and in combinations have been recognized in malignant lymphomas, multiple myeloma, melanoma, glioblastoma multiforme, gastric and colorectal carcionma, and small-cell carcinoma of the lung. The nitrosoureas are administered on an intermittent 6--8-week schedule because of delayed and frequently severe bone marrow toxicity which may be cumulative in nature.
Cancer Clin Trials 1979
PMID:Nitrosoureas: a reappraisal of clinical trials. 39 66

A patient with monoclonal macroglobulinemia and osteolytic lesions was studied and 24 previously reported closely related cases were reviewed. Cases studied by ultracentrifugation without an immunoelectrophoresis were not considered. Patients presenting with a primary increase in monoclonal IgM molecules may be divided into three groups: typical Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, macroglobulinemia with osteolytic lesions resembling multiple myeloma, and a group displaying features of both diseases. At present, cell morphology is not helpful in separating these groups, and a bone survey is recommended. The authors underscore the clinical importance of the early recognition of these entities since procedures such as plasmapheresis for the management of hyperviscosity syndrome, mobilization and local radiotherapy to symptomatic lytic lesions may be necessary for optimal management.
Cancer 1977 Jan
PMID:Monoclonal macroglobulinemia with osteolytic lesions: a case report and review of the literature. 40 75

The 25,000 dalton protein of Mason-Pfizer monkey virus (MPMV) was isolated by gel filtration chromatography. In agreement with results from other laboratories, antisera to type-C and the non-type-C bovine leukemia and equine infectious anemia viruses did not precipitate 125I-labelled MPMV p25. In addition, these viruses did not cross-react in a competition radioimmunoassay for MPMV p25. Twenty-one human tissues (15 breast carcinomas, 2 normal breasts, 3 acute myelogenous leukemias and 1 sarcoma) were fractionated by detergent solubilization, ammonium sulfate precipitation, and DE-52 anion exchange chromatography. These methods were shown to be highly effective for purification of MPMV p25. Under assay conditions which minimized incubation damage to the 125I-MPMV p25, all tissues failed to react in the competition radioimmunoassay (RIAT). Two hundred and two human sera or plasma specimens, including those from patients with breast cancer and 33 age-matched controls, from 50 patients with hematologic malignancies, from 12 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and from 14 patients with systemic lupus erythematosis, were examined for antibodies to MPMV p25. With the exception of two multiple myeloma plasma which produced artifactual false positive reactions based on hypergammaglobulinemia, a known complication of salt precipitation radioimmunoassays, the remainder of the specimens were negative for evidence of MPMV p25 antibodies.
Int J Cancer 1977 Apr 15
PMID:Radioimmunoassay for the major structural protein of Mason-Pfizer monkey virus: Attempts to detect the presence of antigen or antibody in humans. 40 48

The bone marrow of a patient with multiple myeloma of the IgG2 Kappa type with spontaneously crystallizing cryoglobulin was studied by electron microscopy. The ultrastructure of the myeloma cells disclosed the presence of a crystalline material in the cytoplasm within the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) as well as in extracisternal sites. The crystalline material was also seen extracellulary with a distinctly unique subunit structure. The tubular units measured 200 +/- A (SEM) externally with an internal diameter of 100 +/- A (SEM). The intracellular distribution did not indicate a characteristic organelle association usually observed in protein synthesizing cells. It is suggested, based on the present observations and the findings of others, that the crystalline material may represent polymerized protein synthesized by free ribosomes mostly in extracisternal locations, a pattern often seen in neoplastic plasma cells. Diffusion to extracisternal sites of precrystalline material through the membranes of the RER is a possible alternative mechanism.
Cancer 1977 Apr
PMID:Ultrastructure of myeloma cells in a case with crystalcryoglobulinemia. 40 21

Rabbit anti-idiotype antisera were prepared against four human myeloma proteins. These antisera demonstrated a capacity to bind the 125I-labeled autologous purified monoclonal IgG, but failed to demonstrate any binding to 125I-labeled normal IgG or to labeled myeloma IgG obtained from other myeloma patients. The anti-idiotypic antisera were used with 125I-labeled autologous myeloma IgG preparations and goat antirabbit IgG for specific radioimmunoassay with a sensitivity limit of 20 ng/ml. Little or no cross-reaction occurred between these anti-idiotypic antisera and normal IgG preparations or other myeloma IgG proteins.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1977 Jun
PMID:Radioimmunoassay for myeloma idiotype. 40


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