Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Bone remodeling in pathologic conditions was studied with the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Benign and malignant ossification were examined in cases of myositis ossificans, ossifying fibroma, osteoid osteoma, and osteosarcoma, Resorption of bone due to invasion by non-ossifying tumors was found in cases of squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, ameloblastoma, and multiple myeloma. Bone formation due to excessive production of growth hormone was studied in a case of acromegaly. Resorption of bone due to pathologic processes resembled the pattern found in surfaces which were undergoing resorption by osteoclasts. Lamelar-cortical bone formation in acromegally was similar in nature to normal bone. The deformities were rleated to the excessive continuous osteogenesis that occurs in these instances. Neoplastic ossification was characterized by calcifying globules, the diameters of which ranged from 1 to 3 micron. The surfaces of these globules were constructed of minute calcospherites with diameters ranging from 0.1 to 0.3 micron. It is suggested that the pattern of globular calcification is similar to the type that was found with the SEM in fetal bone and cartilage, during healing of fractured bone, and also with the TEM in normal and pathologic calcification.
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PMID:Bone remodeling in pathologic conditions. A scanning electron microscopic study. 26 94

We present a female patient with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance who has remained stable for five years but evolved to overt myeloma in strict temporal relationship with the diagnosis of GH-secreting pituitary macroadenoma. IGF-I serum levels correlated with serum and urine M component. Since the in vitro role of IGF-I on proliferation and survival of normal and neoplastic plasma cells has been recently emphasized, the pathogenetic link between acromegaly and transformation of gammopathy to overt myeloma in this case is discussed.
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PMID:Transformation of a MGUS to overt multiple myeloma: the possible role of a pituitary macroadenoma secreting high levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). 1268 30

We report a 59-year-old acromegalic woman, who presented with generalized bone pain, weakness, fatigue and foamy urine, who was found to have multiple myeloma (MM); and a 60-year-old acromegalic woman with dizziness, vomiting and abdominal pain, high blood pressure and splenomegaly that was posteriorly diagnosed as having Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (WM). Acromegaly is an uncommon disease and epidemiological studies have provided increasingly debated evidence that elevated IGF-I levels might enhance the neoplastic risk, and that cancers constitute the third leading cause of mortality in acromegaly. It is known that GH and IGF-I can activate B cell lymphocytes, and that IGF-I receptor is universally expressed in MM cells. Although the complication of acromegaly with WM or MM in patients has rarely been reported until now, we described two case reports of acromegalic patients with those hematological neoplasias, which allow a discussion about this controversial issue.
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PMID:Hematologic neoplasias and acromegaly. 1933 40

Acromegaly is a slowly progressing condition resulting from excess growth hormone (GH), generally caused by a GH-secreting pituitary adenoma. Cancer is the third most common cause of mortality in patients with acromegaly, and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is known to influence tumor formation by increasing cell proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis. Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell neoplasm, and previous studies have suggested the possible role of IGF-1 in its development of MM. However, no cases of acromegaly accompanied with MM have been reported in Asia to date. We here report the case of a 58-year-old woman with acromegaly accompanied with MM who presented with longstanding acromegalic manifestations resulting from a GH-secreting pituitary adenoma and also exhibited anemia, a reversed albumin/globulin ratio, and plasmacytosis on bone marrow examination. Because IGF-1 has been suggested to play an important role in the development and progression of MM, the patient promptly underwent surgical removal of the pituitary adenoma via a transsphenoidal approach. Since there is currently no consensus on therapeutic guidelines and suggested prognosis for MM with acromegaly, long-term follow-up of such cases is needed.
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PMID:Multiple myeloma in a patient with acromegaly. 2958 96

Primary hyperparathyroidism is among the most common causes of hypercalcemia. However, ingestion of medication, including hydrochlorathiazide, lithium, and foscarnet, excessive vitamin A ingestion, endocrinopathies such as hyperthyroidism, adrenal insufficiency, and acromegaly, abnormal nutrient intake such as parenteral nutrition in preterm infants and milk-alkali syndrome, and prolonged immobilization have all been associated with hypercalcemia. The most common cause of nonparathyroid hypercalcemia is neoplasia. Hypercalcemia is generally due to the secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH)-related peptide (PTHrP) by a wide variety of nonmetastatic solid tumors, including squamous cell tumors but also hematologic tumors. PTHrP, although encoded by a distinct gene, shares amino acid sequence homology with PTH in the amino-terminal domain, which allows it to cross-react at a common G protein receptor, the type 1 PTH/PTHrP receptor (PTHR1), resulting in similar skeletal effects and effects on calcium and phosphorus metabolism. Increased PTHrP action with hypercalcemia may be seen in the benign disease Jansen's metaphyseal chondrodysplasia due to a gain-of-function mutation in PTHR1. Another humoral factor, 1,25-dihyroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D] may be produced by lymphomas, but also by benign granulomatous disorders and may also cause hypercalcemia when its metabolism is genetically impaired. Vitamin D intoxication may cause hypercalcemia due to overproduction of the metabolite, 25 hydroxyvitamin D, apparently in the absence of conversion to 1,25(OH)2D. Malignancies metastatic to bone or arising in bone (such as multiple myeloma) may produce a variety of growth factors and cytokines, in addition to PTHrP, which can contribute to tumor growth as well as osteolysis and hypercalcemia.
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PMID:Nonparathyroid Hypercalcemia. 3064 26

Acromegaly is associated with increased growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) secretion which may support tumour development and growth. A 68-year-old woman was diagnosed with acromegaly due to typical clinical and hormonal characteristics. While contrast-enhanced MRI at diagnosis did not reveal a pituitary adenoma, a 5-mm lesion was identified on repeat scanning 13 months later. Abdominal and chest CT showed tumours of the stomach, right adrenal gland, and right lung. The CT also showed a hypodense lesion in the liver and heterogeneous echostructure of the thyroid gland with left lobe solid-cystic tumour. Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy revealed increased tracer accumulation in the right thyroid lobe. No tracer accumulation was noted at the location of the other tumours. The resected stomach, adrenal, chest, and thyroid lesions did not show GH secretion. The patient refused pituitary surgery, and her acromegaly is currently well-controlled with somatostatin analogue therapy. A CT scan 19 months later revealed a contrast-enhancing left kidney tumour that was a G1-grade clear cell carcinoma. Four years after the acromegaly diagnosis multiple myeloma were diagnosed with secondary renal amyloidosis. Genetic screening for a paraganglioma gene panel, AIP, MEN1, and CDKN1B mutations were negative. A next-generation cancer panel containing 94 cancer genes did not identify any possible unifying gene abnormality in her germline DNA. Coexistence of acromegaly and numerous other tumours suggests a common aetiology of these disorders. However, no genetic abnormality could be identified with the tests that have been performed.
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PMID:Acromegaly associated with GIST, non-small cell lung carcinoma, clear cell renal carcinoma, multiple myeloma, medulla oblongata tumour, adrenal adenoma, and follicular thyroid nodules. 3074 99