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Query: UMLS:C0025362 (mental retardation)
 15,878 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Results of a survey of six Midwestern states demonstrated that although some state Medicaid agencies have had work incentive policies for ICF/MR residents for some time, others continue to utilize policies that are a disincentive to work. Policy changes toward employment incentives in state Medicaid agencies should improve work opportunities for workers with mental retardation at little expense to the government.
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PMID:Income allowance policies of state Medicaid agencies as work incentives or disincentives for ICF/MR residents. 151 1

Contrasts between the rhetoric of quality assurance and the realities of poor quality in today's ICFs/MR were explored. Comparative studies have shown that ICFs/MR provide the poorest quality of life for persons with mental retardation. The ICF/MR operational model was described here as paper-oriented, failure-based, and insensitive to the effects of its own practices. Recommendations, including the establishment of local control, a less-direct relation between funding and rule compliance, and alternate forms of program evaluation and monitoring, were made.
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PMID:Compliance and quality in residential life. Rhetoric and realities in today's ICF/MR: control out of control. 164 Aug 38

Changes in adaptive functioning of 32 older adults with mental retardation following deinstitutionalization were assessed. The Adaptive Behavior Scale was administered at two times (separated by 1.5 years) for these adults, who were transferred from a state-operated institution to an ICF-MR facility. An overall increase in both adaptive and maladaptive behavior was found. In addition, female residents and those with moderate/mild levels of retardation had higher levels of adaptive functioning than did males and those with severe levels of retardation. These findings extend previous research by focusing on the older segment of the mentally retarded population.
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PMID:Changes in adaptive behavior of older adults with mental retardation following deinstitutionalization. 234 Jan 43

Results of a nationwide study of public mental retardation/developmental disabilities (MR/DD) spending in the states during Fiscal Years 1977 through 1986 were summarized. Trends identified included: (a) continuing growth in spending for community services, (b) contraction of total spending for institutional operations, and (c) predominance of ICF/MR support in large (16+ beds) congregate care settings. Periodic replication of the study was recommended as was additional research to identify the political and economic determinants of state MR/DD spending.
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PMID:National study of public spending for mental retardation and developmental disabilities. 312 16

The ICF/MR provides services to individuals with a dual diagnosis of mental retardation and mental illness. These services prepare these individuals to the least restrictive environment analogous to the norms and patterns of the mainstream of society. The individuals served are more than 22 years of age and have behavioral problems associated with mental retardation and/or mental illness. In addition, they have multiple medical problems which are related or unrelated to their physical or mental disabilities. These individuals have multiple changing needs which are addressed by an interdisciplinary team. The team develops a unified Individual Program Plan which is the framework for a comprehensive care for these individuals. This is to enable them to live a normal life as possible and to achieve gainful occupational pursuits like any other citizen in the State of South Carolina.
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PMID:A habilitation center for individuals with a dual diagnosis of mental retardation and mental illness. 765 83

The role of active treatment has been recognized as vital to the habilitation of persons with mental retardation; however, evaluating the provision of active treatment has been difficult. This study describes the development of the Active Treatment Client Rights checklist (ATCR), which was designed to facilitate the assessment, monitoring, and implementation of readily observable client active treatment services. This investigation provides an explanation of item content, initial reliability data (Phase I), and the results of implementation of the ATCR over a 2-year period in an ICF/MR facility with 29 living units serving nearly 500 clients (Phase II). The ATCR is highly reliable, valid, and useful in enhancing staff provision of active treatment. The most sensitive indicator of active treatment was shown to be related to frequency of functional interactions between clients and staff.
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PMID:Development and evaluation of the Active Treatment Client Rights Checklist. 819 Sep 69

We describe a new familial case of ICF syndrome (immunodeficiency, centromeric instability, facial anomalies) in a woman of 29 years and in her brother of 30 years. The proband showed mental retardation, facial anomalies, recurrent respiratory infections, combined deficit of IgM and IgE immunoglobulin classes, and paracentromeric heterochromatin instability of chromosomes 1, 9, and 16. The brother had minor signs of the syndrome and had an apparently normal phenotype. Their parents were healthy and non-consanguineous. Chromosome anomalies consisted of homologous and non-homologous associations, chromatid and isochromatid breaks, deletions of whole arms, interchanges in the paracentromeric region, and multibranched configurations of chromosomes 1, 9, and 16. CD bands and fluorescence in situ hybridisation with alphoid DNA sequence probes specific for the centromeres of chromosomes 1 and 16 showed that the centromere was not directly implicated in the formation of multibranched configurations. These cases indicate the autosomal recessive mode of inheritance and the variable expressivity of the ICF syndrome.
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PMID:ICF syndrome with variable expression in sibs. 832 Jul 11

Administrators of residential facilities for persons with mental retardation must take a proactive stance in determining the prevalence of HIV in the population. Administrators of the Stockley Center, a 345-bed ICF/MR, approached the issue utilizing a double-blinded seroprevalence study. Their aim was to use results from this testing to identify settings of high to moderate prevalence for purposes of reducing the further spread of infection.
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PMID:Determining the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) within a residential facility for persons with mental retardation. 846 Nov 29

In this 1986-1987 study, the demographic and diagnostic characteristics, problem behaviors, self-care skills, community living skills, domestic expectations, and program goals for personal competence of 336 persons with mental retardation living in a national sample of 181 foster care and small group care settings with 6 or fewer residents was assessed. The findings indicated relatively more severe cognitive impairment among persons in small ICFs-MR, less severe cognitive impairment and fewer functional limitations among non-ICF-MR group home residents, and more functional limitations among residents in foster homes. Neighborhood integration was relatively high for foster home residents, but there were fewer expectations for their development of home and community living skills. Implications for future research and program development in small, community-based residential settings were discussed.
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PMID:Personal characteristics and competence of people with mental retardation living in foster homes and small group homes. 851 42

To ensure quality of services for individuals with mental retardation/developmental disability, professionals must measure consumer outcomes related to lifestyle. In this study variables contributing to quality of life for 60 adults with severe or profound disabilities who resided in ICF/MR community-based homes for 4 to 5 persons were examined. Using the Quality of Life Index, we studied interrelations among personal lifestyle characteristics of adults and community-home program characteristics with quality of life factors. The R2 effect size (.571) involving total scores on the Quality of Life Index as the criterion variable was large and statistically significant.
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PMID:Correlates of the quality of life of adults with severe or profound mental retardation. 933 61


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