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Query: UMLS:C0025362 (mental retardation)
 15,878 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The development of self-determination depends on the emergence of positive beliefs about oneself and one's future. Research has suggested that these positive perceptions are the outcome of a process of learning and using problem-solving skills and the achievement of perceived or actual control, referred to as learned hopefulness. Expectations for the future (e.g., hopefulness/hopelessness) of students with mental retardation, learning disabilities, or students without disabilities were examined. Students with mental retardation were significantly less hopeful than were their peers with learning disabilities or without disabilities. Implications from these findings for the development of self-determination were discussed.
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PMID:Students' expectations of the future: hopelessness as a barrier to self-determination. 957 22

This report documents cases of suicide attempts by two persons with Down's syndrome. The patients experienced dysphoric affect and feelings of hopelessness about unmet needs associated with their disability. During the course of a major depressive episode, each individual made a suicide attempt that could have been fatal. Although suicidal ideation and attempts are infrequent among patients with mental retardation, completed suicides and potentially fatal attempts have been reported. It is vitally important that mental health practitioners appreciate the seriousness of suicidal ideation among persons who have mental retardation and treat the underlying psychiatric disorder.
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PMID:Two cases of suicide attempt by patients with Down's syndrome. 985 28

The impact of diatheses, stress, and their interaction on depressed mood was evaluated to determine the appropriateness of cognitive diathesis-stress models of depression for adults with mental retardation. We also tested hopelessness as a mediator in the prediction of depressed mood to evaluate the hopelessness theory of depression. Seventy-three adults with mental retardation and adequate receptive vocabulary participated in semi-structured interviews. Experiencing life stressors and possessing a negative attributional style, but not their interaction, served as predictors of depressed mood. Similar results were obtained using frequency or impact ratings of life stress. Conditions were not met to test hopelessness as a mediator. Treatment implications for depression among adults with mental retardation are highlighted.
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PMID:Diathesis-stress and depressed mood among adults with mental retardation. 1646 82