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Query: UMLS:C0025362 (mental retardation)
 15,878 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This report is a sequel to our 1958, 1960 and 1968 reports on a series of patients operated upon for focal epilepsy whose surgical specimens unexpectedly showed histological lesions typical of active encephalitis. None of these patients, now 27 in number, exhibited the clinical picture ordinarily associated with encephalitis. With one exception, all showed a severe focal seizure tendency beginning in infancy or childhood, often associated with episodes of epilepsia partialis continua. In addition, all except 2 showed slowly progressive neurological deterioration, usually hemiparesis and mental retardation, which advanced over periods of months or years before the progression became arrested. No infectious agent has yet been identified by standard viral studies carried out in the most recent 14 patients or by investigation for slow viruses in 6 patients operated upon between 1966 and 1971. The clinical course of this condition is outlined and the role, the timing and the results of treatment by craniotomy and cortical excision are discussed.
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PMID:Further observations on the syndrome of chronic encephalitis and epilepsy. 10 97

The clinical picture of the Schimmelpenning-Feuerstein-Mims (or nevus sebaceus linearis) syndrome is described. The syndrome especially its excessive formes, is a relatively rare, but typical biotype of the neuroectodermal phakomatosis disorders. Symptomes are multiple widespread linear sebaceus nevi, seizures and mental retardation, ECG anomalies and ocular dysplasia and dystrophia, which can cause blindness.
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PMID:[Schimmelpenning-Feuerstein-Mims-syndrome (author's transl)]. 11 1

A case of "moya-moya" disease of a 12-year-old boy is reported. The clinical history started at 3 years 2 months after cranial trauma. The patient developed mental retardation, hemiparesis and seizures.
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PMID:"Moya-moya' disease caused by cranial trauma. 12 67

In a screening program in Cincinnati urine specimens from over 20,000 infants and children were tested for inherited metabolic disorders involving amino acids, carbohydrates, phenolic acids, organic acids, keto acids, mucopolysaccharides, and imidazoles. The subjects were selected on the basis of symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, acidosis, seizures, failure to thrive, delayed development, mental retardation, and others. The tests were based primarily on paper chromatographic techniques. Patients with 21 different metabolic disorders were found. The patterns of abnormal excretion of amino acids and other metabolites are often useful in making a diagnosis.
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PMID:Screening for metabolic disorders among high risk infants and children. 14 35

A total of 600 handicapped patients had dental rehabilitation under general anesthesia during an eight-year period. Handicaps included mental retardation, cerebral palsy, Down syndrome, seizure disorders, autism, cystic fibrosis, osteogenesis imperfecta, and muscular dystrophy. No significant complications developed in the majority of patients. This is attributed to thorough preoperative evaluation, appropriate anesthetic management, and vigilant postoperative observation.
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PMID:Complications related to the administration of general anesthesia in 600 developmentally disabled dental patients. 15 47

A population of young people who are mentally retarded is described in terms of the frequency of various kinds and degrees of impairment--intellectual, physical and behavioural. The population consisted of all those born in 1951--1955 who were resident in a city in 1962 and who at any time during the school years had been placed in any mental retardation service. The prevalence of the mentally retarded as defined is sixteen per 1000. Age specific prevalence rates for the same population rise from age five, reach a plateau of fourteen per 1000 from ages ten to fifteen and then drop sharply for the post-school period to a rate of five to six per 1000. Classifications of physical impairment, seizure histories and behaviour disturbances are described. Percentages are given separately for those with each impairment and in combination for each individual. For the survivors at age twenty-two, 44 per cent had physical impairments, 26 per cent had a history of seizures and 46 per cent had experienced behaviour disturbances. Results are discussed in relation to service needs.
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PMID:Some characteristics of a population of mentally retarded young adults in a British city. A basis for estimating some service needs. 16 26

Tuberous sclerosis and Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber (KTW) syndromes are phakomatoses which are believed to be inherited separately. A 41 year old woman presented with the classic features of tuberous sclerosis: adenoma sebaceum, mental retardation, and seizures. In addition, the diagnostic triad of KTW involved the left lower limb: cutaneous naevi, a vascular anomaly, and osteohypertrophy. Arteriography documented the presence of visceral tumours and an arteriovenous malformation of the leg. This is the first reported association of the fully-developed symptomatology of tuberous sclerosis and KTW in one person.
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PMID:Tuberous sclerosis and Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndromes. Association of two complete phakomatoses in a single individual. 16 20

The authors analysed 13 cases of West's syndrome (8 females and 5 males observed in a period of 30 months. In only one case there was history of perinatal trauma. In 7 children the psychomotor development was very good until the time of development of seizures, in 2 children hyperexcitability was present, 1 was obese, 2 had various infections. In 7 cases the seizures developed within 1 to 20 days after DiPerTe or poliomyelitis vaccination. The time from the onset of seizures to beginning of hormonal treatment ranged from 4 weeks to 5 months. Corticosteroids or ACTH were administered for 2 months at least, and benzodiazepine drugs and/or phenobarbital were given additionally. It was found that the effects of treatment were much better in children referred for treatment early after onset of seizures. In cases with delayed hormonal treatment mental retardation was considerable and seizures were frequent.
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PMID:[Importance of early hormonal treatment of salaam seizures for the further course of epilepsy in children]. 17 99

The increasing number of ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae recoveries have required a change in the treatment of meningitis due to this organism. Chloramphenicol has been recommended and is an effective though toxic substitute. Streptomycin combined with sulfisoxazole has been as effective as ampicillin in treating H influenzae meningitis. The results of treating 61 children with ampicillin were compared with results of those given streptomycin intramuscularly, in three intrathecal doses with sulfisoxazole intravenously, and by mouth to 50 children. Permanent neurological sequelae, including deafness, mental retardation, and persisting seizures, developed in the six given ampicillin; communic-ting hydrocephalus occurred in one who had been treated with streptomycin and sulfisoxazole. There was no phlebitis, buttocks abscess, or drug eruptions, and treatment was better tolerated in the streptomycin and sulfisoxazole group. This combination is suggested as an effective alternative to ampicillin.
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PMID:Streptomycin and sulfisoxazole for treatment of Haemophilus influenzae meningitis. 24 31

We report six males with the syndrome of macroorchidism and mental retardation. The trait is inherited as though X-linked, or possibly autosomal dominant male-limited. We also found no evidence of gonadal dysfunction. Associated abnormalities were abnormal EEG (3/4), seizures (2/6), and one instance each of cervical vertebral fusion, cataract, esophoria, and abnormal cutaneous pigmentation. One woman with a 50% a priori risk of bearing the mutant gene had mental retardation and seizures. Results of Xg blood-group typing were uninformative for the purpose of linkage analysis.
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PMID:The X-linked syndrome of macroorchidism and mental retardation: further observations. 26 49


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