Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0025362 (mental retardation)
 15,878 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Five pedigrees of bipolar patients with at least two bipolar subjects on two generations have been identified in psychiatric departments of Nantes, Montpellier and Challans for linkage studies. In each pedigree, it was found one or more patients suffering from other conditions, like Borderline personality, Anorexia-bulimia, Mental retardation with dysmorphia, and Panic disorders. Mood disorders spectrum and therapeutic implications are discussed.
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PMID:[Clinical study of 5 families with bipolar disorder]. 160 Sep 14

N,N-dimethiltryptamine (DMT) in urine has been quantified on an 83-psychiatric patient sample. Sample covered patients who had sometimes been administered neuroleptic drugs as well as patients with some particular symptomatology associated to psychotic disorders such as hallucinations, delusions, perception disorders, etc. 43.3% (36 cases) evidenced an abnormally high DMT in urine (0.9-13.5 mcg/24 h). Higher values were more frequently found in both schizophrenic patients, and non-schizophrenic patients with either hallucinations, delusions, anorexia or bulimia. Most patients with DMT normal values (< 0.5 mcg/24 h) presented either mental retardation, cerebral atrophy or dysrhythmias. A very good correlation was found between urinary DMT abnormally high values, and patients' improvement after such patients had been treated with neuroleptic drugs.
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PMID:[Elimination of N,N-dimethyltryptamine by urine]. 790 22

Naltrexone a pure opioid antagonist, well tolerated in young patients, has been found to be an interesting treatment in some disorders in children and adolescents. Naltrexone has been first tried in mental retardation and autism disorders in children and adolescents. Symptoms like self-injury behaviours, hyperactivity, stereotyped and ritualistic conducts appear to be improved in a subgroup of children with the opiate antagonist. But new controlled studies still need to be done before recommending naltrexone in autism. Preliminary results in the treatment of alcoholic adolescents seem to support the efficacy of naltrexone on abstinence when combined with a supportive psychotherapy. In adults, results found with the use of naltrexone in eating disorders are different, when considering the duration and the dosage of the treatment and the kind of eating disorder (bulimia, binge eating or anorexia nervosa). Studies in children and adolescents are needed before proposing naltrexone in eating disorders. We resumed here the results found with this treatment in these indications.
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PMID:Opiate antagonists in children and adolescents. 1114 Jul 79

The pathogenesis of anorexia nervosa (AN) is still poorly understood. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th edition) classification differentiates 2 AN types: the restricting type (AN-R) and the binge eating/purging type (AN-BP). We investigated 4 young women suffering from AN (2 with AN-R and 2 with AN-BP). Four women, age matched, with other psychiatric disorders (paranoid schizophrenia, adjustment disorder, mental retardation) served as the reference group. The oligonucleotide microarray method (HG-U133A, Affymetrix) was used to determine the expression profile of 13 genes connected with the orexigenic and anorexigenic system: leptin, leptin receptor-coding gene, hypocretin (orexin) receptor-coding gene, hypocretin (orexin) neuropeptide precursor-coding gene and growth hormone secretagogue receptor. A hierarchical analysis of the results showed that AN-BP and AN-R patients were grouped into different clusters. Also, expression levels of leptin receptor-coding gene showed significant differences between AN-BP and AN-R patients and between AN-R and control subjects. This preliminary study suggests that the microarray technique may contribute to elucidating molecular genetics of the pathogenesis of both types of AN.
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PMID:Preliminary study of the expression of genes connected with the orexigenic and anorexigenic system using microarray technique in anorexia nervosa. 1855 12