Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0025202 (melanoma)
 69,561 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two groups of cDNA clones were isolated by screening a lambda gt11 cDNA library of normal human melanocytes with antityrosinase antibodies: one group of 13 was related to the human tyrosinase gene. The properties of the other group of three cDNA clones was investigated by the use of a representative clone, Pmel 17-1. The cDNA hybridized to an mRNA species of approximately 2600 bases from human and murine melanocytes. The transcript of Pmel 17-1 (17-1 mRNA) was expressed preferentially in melanocytes and its abundance paralleled the melanin content. The expression of Pmel 17-1 mRNA increased after stimulation of human and murine melanoma cells with agents that increase the levels of melanization. Immunocompetition assays with monoclonal antibodies to gp75, a known pigmentation-associated antigen of melanocytes, suggested that Pmel 17-1 encodes a 75,000 Mr glycoprotein that is highly abundant in melanotic cells and shares some immunological homology with tyrosinase. The gene for Pmel 17-1 did not map at or near the c-albino locus in mice. The cDNA of Pmel 17-1 detected a single hybridizing restriction fragment in both human and murine DNA, indicating that the gene has been conserved between these two species and exists as a single gene in each.
Mol Biol Med 1987 Dec
PMID:A melanocyte-specific complementary DNA clone whose expression is inducible by melanotropin and isobutylmethyl xanthine. 244 95

The membrane molecule termed "7F7-antigen" has been found to be involved in several examples of cell-cell interactions. This 85 kDa glycoprotein with a protein core of about 55 kDa contains N-linked and O-linked carbohydrates. It has an isoelectric point of 8.0-8.5 and is expressed on 20% of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, 35% of peripheral blood B-cells, follicular dendritic cells and vascular endothelium. It is also expressed on activated T-cells and its expression on B-cells, fibroblasts and monocytes increases after treatment with PWM, interferon-gamma and after three days culture, respectively. The MAb 7F7 used to define this antigen inhibits the initiation of T-cell proliferation induced by anti-CD3, PHA, ConA and (weakly) allogenic stimulator cells, but does not affect the growth of IL-2 dependent T-cells and does not interfere with the killing of PHA-blasts by allogenic IL-2 dependent T-cells. 7F7 also inhibits the binding of C3-coated sheep erythrocytes to B-cells, the PMA-induced aggregation of U937 and the binding of activated T-cells to fibroblasts. The 7F7-antigen is expressed on some non-Hodgkin lymphomas of B-cell differentiation, particularly those with follicular structure, but not on Burkitt's lymphoma, ALL or carcinomas of various tissues. It is, however, found on fibrous tissue surrounding infiltrating carcinoma cells. The expression of a melanoma antigen, P3.58, which was shown to be identical to 7F7-antigen correlates with stage and spread of invasive melanoma. It was concluded that the 7F7-antigen, which is probably related to a previously described adherence molecule (ICAM-1), is of biological importance for the initiation of T-cell responses. With the possible exception of melanoma its expression on neoplastic cells in vivo is unlikely to be of importance for the spread of malignant disease.
Mol Immunol 1988 Nov
PMID:Importance of an 85 kDa membrane glycoprotein for a variety of cell-cell interactions. 246 58

We tested drug monoclonal antibody immunoconjugates in vitro in 72 h 3H-thymidine assays and in vivo in athymic mice bearing human tumor xenografts of the same target cells. Experimental arms included control, monoclonal antibody, drug, drug + antibody, the test immunoconjugate, and a negative control immunoconjugate with an equivalent molar amount of drug for in vitro experiments, and the amount of drug conjugated to 500 micrograms of antibody in the animal experiments. Monoclonal antibodies included T101, an IgG2a that reacts with a rapidly modulating antigen, 9.2.27, an IgG2a that reacts with a slowly modulating antigen, and ME7, an IgG1 that reacts with a slowly modulating antigen. Cells used in testing included MOLT-4 (T lymphoma), 8392 (B lymphoma), and M21 (melanoma). Drugs tested were doxorubicin, daunorubicin, methotrexate, and mitomycin-C. M21 cells were resistant to daunorubicin in vitro but were inhibited by the 9.2.27 daunorubicin immunoconjugate. T101, 9.2.27, and ME7 cis-aconitate anthracycline immunoconjugates and mitomycin-C-glutarate immunoconjugates were specifically cytotoxic only for antigen positive cells in vitro and were superior to free drug in vivo. These results confirm that antigen specific-cytotoxic drug immunoconjugates can be produced that are superior to the same dose of free drug. However, each monoclonal antibody drug target system is unique and must be well-characterized for appropriate interpretation of data.
Mol Biother 1989
PMID:Significance of antigen, drug, and tumor cell targets in the preclinical evaluation of doxorubicin, daunorubicin, methotrexate, and mitomycin-C monoclonal antibody immunoconjugates. 251 70

The purpose of this study was to examine the effective anti-metastatic activity by multiple i.v. administrations of mouse recombinant interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) against pulmonary metastases of 3LL or B16-BL6 melanoma cells after surgical excision of primary tumors. Multiple treatments with IFN-gamma reduced effectively the incidence of pulmonary tumor metastases. Repeated 4 consecutive treatment modalities with IFN-gamma showed remarkable reduction of lung tumor colonies, and also rendered alveolar macrophages (AM) cytotoxic against B16-BL6 cells. In contrast, 14 consecutive administrations of IFN-gamma at any doses (10(2) and 10(3) U/mouse) could not activate macrophages to become cytotoxic, but were effective in regressing metastases. Thus, antimetastatic activity of IFN-gamma may be due to the stimulation of host immune defense systems such as induction of tumoricidal macrophages, presumably the direct antiproliferative action to tumor cells, or both actions under the appropriate administration conditions. We found that the systemic administration of IFN-gamma under appropriate multiple treatment modalities results in the reduction of the lung metastases and can activate AM to become tumor cytotoxic at relatively low doses (10(2) U). High-dose IFN-gamma in the multiple administration schedule was also effective for the reduction of lung tumor colonies, but strongly suppressed the nonspecific immune function and could not activate tumoricidal properties of AM.
Mol Biother 1989
PMID:Effect of systemic administration of mouse recombinant interferon-gamma on the lung tumor metastases in mice. 251 71

Mouse melanoma cells in culture respond to melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) by demonstrating increased activity of tyrosinase, the rate-limiting enzyme for melanin synthesis. Because this stimulation is strictly dependent upon continued transcription and translation, we have carried out studies to determine if MSH increases the level of tyrosinase mRNA. The abundance of tyrosinase message levels in melanoma cells treated with either MSH or dibutyryl cAMP was determined by Northern blot analysis utilizing a 946 base pair mouse tyrosinase cDNA probe. The tyrosinase cDNA was isolated from a lambda gt11 expression library generated from mRNA isolated from theophylline-induced Cloudman melanoma cells. The abundance of tyrosinase mRNA was determined in an amelanotic cell clone (AM-7AS) and a melanotic cell clone (MEL-11AS). The melanotic cell line had five times as much tyrosinase activity and almost 10 times more tyrosinase mRNA than the amelanotic line. Tyrosinase activity and mRNA increased in both cell lines after MSH addition. The amelanotic line treated with MSH for three days showed a fivefold increase in tyrosinase activity and a twofold increase in tyrosinase mRNA. The melanotic cell line treated with MSH for three days showed a 3.7-fold increase in enzyme activity and an eightfold increase in the abundance of tyrosinase mRNA. Dibutyryl cAMP also stimulated tyrosinase activity and the accumulation of tyrosinase mRNA. The data suggest that MSH, acting through cAMP, promotes an accumulation of tyrosinase mRNA.
Somat Cell Mol Genet 1989 May
PMID:Regulation of tyrosinase mRNA levels in mouse melanoma cell clones by melanocyte-stimulating hormone and cyclic AMP. 254 86

The human Me14-D12 antigen is a cell surface glycoprotein regulated by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) on tumor cell lines of neuroectodermal origin. It consists of two non-convalently linked subunits with apparent mol. wt sizes of 33,000 and 38,000. Here we describe the molecular cloning of a genomic probe for the Me14-D12 gene using the gene transfer approach. Mouse Ltk- cells were stably cotransfected with human genomic DNA and the Herpes Simplex virus thymidine kinase (TK) gene. Primary and secondary transfectants expressing the Me14-D12 antigen were isolated after selection in HAT medium by repeated sorting on a fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS). A recombinant phage harboring a 14.3 kb insert of human DNA was isolated from a genomic library made from a positive secondary transfectant cell line. A specific probe derived from the phage DNA insert allowed the identification of two mRNAs of 3.5 kb and 2.2 kb in primary and secondary L cell transfectants, as well as in human melanoma cell lines expressing the Me14-D12 antigen. The regulation of Me14-D12 antigen by INF-gamma was retained in the L cell transfectants and could be detected both at the level of protein and mRNA expression.
Mol Immunol 1989 Jun
PMID:A novel interferon-gamma regulated human melanoma-associated antigen, gp33-38, defined by monoclonal antibody Me14-D12. II. Molecular cloning of a genomic probe. 254 4

Two tumor cell lines, WM 266-4 melanoma and SW 707 colorectal carcinoma, both of which synthesize platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) but do not express cell surface PDGF receptor, were tested for the presence of intracytoplasmic PDGF receptor. Using a novel method of intracytoplasmic (newly synthesized), receptor precipitation by the growth factor, we identified a 125,000 molecular weight protein crosslinked with 125I-labeled PDGF in a 140,000 molecular weight complex. In vitro translation of the corresponding mRNA revealed a 125,000 molecular weight product which presumably represents the A-type PDGF receptor. Exogenous PDGF was found to activate synthesis of RNA and cell proliferation.
Exp Mol Pathol 1989 Oct
PMID:Expression of A-type PDGF receptor in cytoplasm of tumor cell lines synthesizing PDGF. 255 73

In a retrospective study flow cytometry was performed in 82 paraffin-embedded clinical stage I cutaneous melanomas. A significant correlation of ploidy to melanoma thickness was found. Using a log rank test ploidy was found significant for prognosis. However, using the Cox's proportional hazard test the influence of ploidy vanished and melanoma thickness or Clark level of invasion together with sex and location were the factors most important for prognosis.
Virchows Arch B Cell Pathol Incl Mol Pathol 1989
PMID:Flow DNA-cytometric findings of paraffin-embedded primary cutaneous melanomas related to prognosis. 257 19

In the present study, we report a simple and sensitive procedure to study supernatant soluble factors of short time cultured cells by high performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC). This procedure enables a direct analysis with no preparatory procedures prior to application in the chromatographic column and eliminates tedious and often low reproducible techniques, required during conventional assay of culture medium. In addition, we show that HPGPC analysis is suitable for discriminating between two variants of a rhabdomyosarcoma with different metastatic potential, while two distinct cell lines (3LL carcinoma and B16F10 melanoma), which do not differ in their metastatic potential, do not present noticeable qualitative differences in their chromatographic secretion pattern.
Cell Mol Biol 1989
PMID:HPLC analysis of supernatant soluble factors from tumor cell variants with defined metastatic status. 261 32

The immunogenicity and tumor-protective activity of different vaccines were examined and compared with murine B16 melanoma. All vaccines were prepared from material shed into culture medium by B16 melanoma cells. Vaccine I was generated by concentrating the shed material. Vaccine II was partially purified by precipitating the shed material with 50% ammonium sulfate followed by sephadex G-200 column chromatography. Vaccine III was concentrated shed material that was treated with 0.5% NP-40 and then ultracentrifuged to remove transplantation antigens. Mice were immunized to equal protein concentrations of vaccines weekly for 5 weeks or to control buffer. Antibody, cellular, and tumor-protective immunity to melanoma was measured in all mice 2 weeks following the last immunization. All three vaccine preparations were immunogenic. Vaccine preparation I appeared to be the most immunogenic and the one that most consistently augmented tumor-protective immunity. Augmentation in tumor-protective immunity correlated better with increase in cellular than in humoral immunity to melanoma.
Mol Biother 1989
PMID:Immunogenicity and tumor protective activity of B16 melanoma vaccines. 281 73


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