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Query: UMLS:C0025202 (melanoma)
 69,561 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

From September, 1967, to January, 1974, a clinical trial was carried out by the WHO Melanoma Group to evaluate the efficacy of elective lymph-node dissection in the treatment of malignant melanoma of the extremities with clinically uninvolved regional lymph nodes. Treatment was prospectively randomized: 267 patients to excision of primary melanoma and immediate regional-lymph-node dissection and 286 to excision of primary melanoma and regional-lymph-node dissection at the time of appearance of metastases. The statistical analysis showed no difference in survival between the two groups of patients, regardless of how the data were analyzed (according to sex, site of origin, maximum diameter of primary tumor or Clark's level or Breslow's thickness). Elective lymph-node dissection in malignant malanoma of the limbs does not improve the prognosis and is not recommended when patients can be followed at intervals of three months.
N Engl J Med 1977 Sep 22
PMID:Inefficacy of immediate node dissection in stage 1 melanoma of the limbs. 89 64

A patient had a single, large, sharply demarcated lesion on one leg. Under the mistaken diagnosis of malignant melanoma in situ, the lesion was excised and the area grafted in 1956. There has been no recurrence in the past 20 years. Histologic reevaluation led to a diagnosis of mycosis fungoides with pronounced epidermotropism of the cellular infiltrate. This case has close clinical and histologic resemblance with three cases published in Europe and regarded as a special form of reticulosis as first described by Woringer and Kolopp. Mycosis fungoides with marked epidermotropism is not always a benign localized disease but may be widespread and lead to death.
Arch Dermatol 1977 Sep
PMID:Localized mycosis fungoides with prominent epidermotropism: Woringer-Kolopp disease. 90 Sep 74

Large variations in intraocular pressure occur during enucleation, scleral depression, 32P testing, and vigorous rubbing of an eye. Data from animal studies show that during a critical phase of an intraocular malignant melanoma, ocular massage significantly decreased longevity due to increased metastastic disease. We report "no-touch" technique to prevent tumor spread from occurring secondary to ocular manipulation during enucleation. This technique avoids IOP elevations above 50 mm Hg before freezing completely around the tumor, thereby preventing flow of fluid and blood to or from the tumor prior to the manipulation necessary for enucleation. Theoretically, the patient with an ocular tumor should be warned against vigorous rubbing of his eyes and hard lid squeezes or diagnostic techniques that elevate IOP. The ophthalmologist should perform enucleation with gentieness and avoid pressure on the globe. Patients who are being followed up with a suspected ocular tumor should be warned not to rub or vigorously squeeze their eyelids.
Arch Ophthalmol 1977 Sep
PMID:No-touch technique for intraocular malignant melanomas. 90 Dec 71

Detailed karyotypic analysis with G- and C-banding has been performed on cells of four malignant melanomas. The modal number in two cases was in the hypodiploid range, the chromosome numbers varying from 39 to 43. These two tumors had 5 to 13 marker chromosomes. The other two tumors were in the polyploid range, with modal numbers of 63 to 157 chromosomes. The cells had a minimum of 11 and a maximum of 40 marker chromosomes. Chromosome no. 1 was more frequently involved in aberrations than any other chromosome. The most common breakpoints on this chromosome were 1q21, 1q25 and 1q32. Frequent breakpoints were also noticed in the centromeric region in various chromosomes. In chromosome no. 1, however, the centromeric area does not seem to be involved. The more common breakpoints on the various chromosomes were 1q21, 1q25, 1q32, 5p13, 9q13, 11q23, 12q13. No common markers were noticed among these four cases of melanoma, but are noticed in unrelated tumors.
Cancer 1977 Sep
PMID:Chromosomes and causation of human cancer and leukemia. XXII. Karyotypic changes in malignant melanoma. 90 36

The effect of thymidine (TdR) on the growth of a human melanoma transplanted in nude mice has been studied. It was found that the injection of 1 g/kg/h of TdR for at least 72 h is sufficient to suppress the growth of the melanoma cells. This inhibition lasts for the duration of the treatment, and causes no apparent toxicity to the host. Nude mice treated for 6--9 days with TdR survived 158 days after melanoma transplant versus 126 days for the controls.
Cancer Lett 1977 Sep
PMID:Effect of excess thymidine on the growth of human melanoma cells transplanted in thymus deficient nude mice. 90 57

Human cell lines derived from a melanoma and a colon carcinoma, and cultures of human melanocytes and intestinal epithelial cells, as well as a mouse mesenchymal non-neoplastic cell line and a malignant subline of the same have been quantitatively studied in tissue culture for their sensitivity to thymidine. All three tumor lines produced solid tumors when injected into nude thymus-deficient mice. No tumors were obtained by injecting cells of the human normal long-term cultures or the non-neoplastic mouse line. The tumor-producing lines showed a greater sensitivity to the lethal effects of high concentrations of thymidine than their non-tumor-producing counterparts. Less than 23% of the tumor cells survived 72 hours in the presence of 1 mg/ml of thymidine, in contrast to 60% or more of the non-tumor cells. Colony formation was much more inhibited by thymidine and the differential between normal and tumor cells was even more pronounced. Tumor cells which also were treated for 72 hours with 1 mg/ml of thymidine and then plated in fresh medium formed very few colonies. If the plating efficiency of the untreated controls is considered as 100%, 4.3% or less of the treated tumor cells formed colonies, in contrast to 33% or more of the non-tumor cells.
J Cell Physiol 1977 Sep
PMID:Selective lethal effect of thymidine on human and mouse tumor cells. 90 80

Immunological investigations in malignant melanoma have demonstrated the important role of immunological defence mechanisms in the control of tumour growth and tumour spread. On the basis of the different test systems for investigation of immunecompetence and tumourspecific immunity it was possible to demonstrate that patients with melanoma, especially of clinical stages II and III, have a weak, sometimes an anergic immune reaction against their own tumour. The information obtained from in vitro and in vivo studies in human on tumour immunity formed the rational basis for immunotherapy in malignant melanoma. Increasing evidence suggests that active non-specific immunotherapy and, especially, active specific immune-stimulation with inactivated melanoma cells can delay the appearance of distant metastases and result in an improved survival rate for patients with involved regional lymph nodes. At present the use of involved chemotherapy is mostly confined to patients with disseminated malignant melanoma. The most extensively used chemotherapeutic agent for treatment of melanoma is the DTIC (dimethyl-triaceno-imidazole-carboxamide). The objective response rate with this monotherapy has been reported to be up to 25%. Nitrosoureas (BCNU, CCNU, MECCNU) have also been widely used and have brought clinical responses similar to DTIC. Experimental studies in animal models and investigation in human have demonstrated that chemotherapy can be combined successfully with immunotherapy with a potential additive, perhaps synergistic, effect.
Wien Klin Wochenschr 1977 Sep 30
PMID:[Immunology and therapy of malignant melanoma (author's transl)]. 90 25

The karyotype of a 7-month-old child had 46 chromosomes, including five abnormal chromosomes in cultured lymphocytes. G-banding indicated the presence of reciprocal translocation products between chromosomes 1 and 7 and between chromosomes 4 and 15. A probable third translocation involved the same chromosome 4p arm and 12q. All metaphases showed these changes. C-band markers and the presence of reciprocal exchange products indicated that the chromosome changes occurred in the zygote or a post-zygotic cell of the child. The mother developed malignant melanoma while carrying the child but did not receive therapy before its birth. The suggestion is made that an undetected common agent was involved in the aetiology of the mother's tumour and the clastogenic change to the child's chromosomes.
Clin Genet 1977 Sep
PMID:Major karyotypic abnormality in a child born to a woman with untreated malignant melanoma. 90 68

A 59 years old woman who was admitted in our hospital had developed two primary melanomas at the lower leg during an interval of 15 years. The histologic diagnosis was a verrucous lentino maligna melanoma for both tumors. The differentiation from superficial spreading melanoma may be difficult. Interestingly enough, in our patient the formation of the new primary melanoma occurred simultaneously with the regression of the older one. In consequence, it seems that regression of a melanoma may not prevent from progression of the disease or from formation of a new primary melanoma.
Z Hautkr 1977 Sep 01
PMID:[Verrucous malignant melanoma (spontaneous regression and simultaneous development of a secondary tumor)]. 91 May 37

A patient with widely metastasized malignant melanoma assocaited with diffuse melanosis is presented. The widespread metastases in liver; skin and tonsilla are remarkable. The cutaneous melanosis in the form of the slate-blue colour caused by the increased dermal melanin deposits can arise in two different ways. One possibility is that melanin or precursors can be released from liver or other metastases and reach the dermis via the circulation. On the other hand a diffuse direct haematogenic single cell metastatic formation in the dermis with melanin formation and release can occur. In the case of the described patient the first etiopathology is dominating as it is shown by the light and electron microscopical results presented here.
Hautarzt 1977 Sep
PMID:[Diffuse melanosis in malignant melanoma]. 91 15


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