Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0025202 (melanoma)
 69,561 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 47-yr-old woman, complaining of shortness of breath, had a chest X-ray showing a right parahilar mass and bronchoscopic examination disclosed a bluish flat lesion on the posterior wall of the trachea at the level of the fifth and sixth rings. Histological examination of the resected segment of trachea and an adjacent lymph-node revealed a primary tracheal melanoma with lymph-node metastasis. Review of five reported cases and of the literature on mucosal melanomas disclosed that the flat configuration of the tumour and the abundance of melanophages observed in the present case were unique. Possible relationships to mucosal melanosis and squamous metaplasia were briefly discussed.
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PMID:Primary "flat" melanoma of the trachea. 87 30

A 32-year-old man was seen with shortness of breath and increasing fatigue. Echocardiography revealed an intracavitary mass occupying the entire left atrium. The lesion was resected using cardiopulmonary bypass and found to be a large malignant melanoma. This case represents the rare occasion in which antemortem diagnosis of malignant melanoma within left atrium permitted successful palliative surgical resection. The patient is alive and active 6 months after operation.
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PMID:Intracavitary melanoma of the left atrium. 230 53

Twenty-four patients were evaluated in a non-randomized study to assess the effectiveness of dibromodulcitol (DBD) in Stage IV melanoma. Patients received 100 mg/m2 of DBD orally for 35 days. The dose was escalated to 130 mg/m2 and then to 160 mg/m2 if no significant hematologic toxicity occurred. There were no objective responses, including six patients who had had no prior chemotherapy. Five patients (21%) remained stable. Median survival was 151 days. Survival favored females, nonvisceral involvement pretherapy, and patients with a disease-free interval (DFI) of greater than 1 year. None of these advantages was statistically significant. Toxicity was predominantly hematologic, but nausea, vomiting, shortness of breath, and diarrhea were also seen. Oral DBD, using this dose and schedule, does not appear efficacious in advanced disseminated melanoma.
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PMID:A phase II study of dibromodulcitol (DBD) in stage IV melanoma. 650 78

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) of the lung is a low-grade malignant tumor of vascular origin initially described under the name intravascular bronchioloalveolar tumor (IVBAT). We present a case of a 44-yr-old Caucasian female with severe radiating back pain, shortness of breath, recurrent malignant pleural effusions, and a negative malignancy workup. Cytopathologic examination of the four pleural fluid specimens revealed large undifferentiated plasmacytoid malignant cells with abundant pink and finely granular cytoplasm, round nuclei, and prominent nucleoli. The differential diagnosis based on the cytologic findings included hepatocellular, adrenal, and renal carcinomas, melanoma, mesothelioma, and neuroendocrine tumors. Electron microscopy performed on a pleural fluid specimen and subsequent histologic examination of pleural and lung biopsies established the diagnosis of EHE.
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PMID:Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the lung: pleural effusion cytology, ultrastructure, and brief literature review. 758 77

Subcutaneous administration of low doses of recombinant interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) on an out-patient basis has been reported not to significantly compromise the response frequency compared to intravenous IL-2 in patients with renal cell carcinoma and melanoma. As part of an ongoing program to develop a biotherapeutic concept in patients with colorectal carcinoma (CRC) we studied the clinical effects of such a regimen in 15 patients with metastatic CRC. The daily dose of IL-2 varied between 4.8-14.4 x 10(6) U/m2 and of IFN-alpha between 3-6 x 10(6) U/m2. The cycle length was 6 weeks. The course was repeated every 8 weeks until disease progression. Maximum 4 cycles were administered. Maintenance therapy was given to responding patients once a week every month. No patient showed a major response (CR or PR). Six patients had a stable disease ranging from 3 months to 18 months with a median duration time of 5 months. The median survival of all patients was 13 months. The main adverse reactions were fever, chills, anorexia and shortness of breath. No treatment related deaths occurred. 6/14 patients developed abnormal concentration of serum levels of thyroid hormones. It is concluded that the present treatment schedule using IL-2 and IFN-alpha in advanced CRC seemed not to be of clinical benefit.
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PMID:Subcutaneous interleukin-2 and alpha-interferon in advanced colorectal carcinoma. A phase II study. 778 Apr 87

Metastases to the heart and pericardium are much more common than primary cardiac tumors and are generally associated with a poor prognosis. Tumors that are most likely to involve the heart and pericardium include cancers of the lung and breast, melanoma, and lymphoma. Tumor may involve the heart and pericardium by one of four pathways: retrograde lymphatic extension, hematogenous spread, direct contiguous extension, or transvenous extension. Metastatic involvement of the heart and pericardium may go unrecognized until autopsy. Impairment of cardiac function occurs in approximately 30% of patients and is usually attributable to pericardial effusion. The clinical presentation includes shortness of breath, which may be out of proportion to radiographic findings in patients with pericardial effusion or may be the result of associated pleural effusion. Patients may also present with cough, anterior thoracic pain, pleuritic chest pain, or peripheral edema. The differential diagnosis of pericardial effusion in a patient with known malignancy includes malignant pericardial effusion, radiation-induced pericarditis, drug-induced pericarditis, and idiopathic pericarditis. Any disease process that causes thickening or nodularity of the pericardium or myocardium or masses within the cardiac chambers can mimic metastatic disease.
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PMID:Metastatic involvement of the heart and pericardium: CT and MR imaging. 1125 6

A 61-year-old Caucasian female presented with a 6-week history of dry persistent cough. She had no shortness of breath, chest pain, fever, chills, or weight loss. She had been diagnosed with melanoma on the left thigh 6 months earlier. It was a spindle cell variant, Clark's grade III, with maximal thickness of 0.5 mm. At the time of diagnosis of melanoma, there was no evidence of metastasis on chest radiographs or computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen and pelvis. Treatment of her melanoma was limited to surgical excision with no subsequent radiation or chemotherapy. Other significant past medical history included hypertension, hypothyroidism, and bilateral breast augmentation. She had a 40 pack-year history of smoking.
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PMID:Multiple lung nodules in a woman with a history of melanoma. 1466 85

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare cancer that metastasizes to mediastinal lymph nodes (MLNs). The diagnosis of MPM metastatic to MLNs may not be straightforward. We describe 3 cases to highlight unusual entities of MPM metastatic to MLNs as follows. One patient with a history of T3N1M0, poorly differentiated esophageal adenocarcinoma and malignant melanoma presented with shortness of breath, mediastinal lymphadenopathy, and pleural effusion; metastatic disease was clinically suspected. Unexpectedly, immunohistochemical studies supported the diagnosis of MPM metastatic to the MLN on biopsy. In another case, mesothelial cell inclusions were initially diagnosed based on the light microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and lack of pleural thickening on computed tomography studies. Subsequent fine needle aspiration of an enlarged cervical lymph node found an atypical mesothelial proliferation, and metastatic mesothelioma was strongly suspected. Video-assisted thoracoscopic examination showed small visceral nodules, and pleural biopsy was diagnosed as malignant epithelioid mesothelioma. The mediastinal and cervical lymph node biopsies were reinterpreted as positive for MPM. In the last case, MLN biopsy showed a malignant epithelioid cell proliferation. Calretinin, CK5/6, WT-1, D2-40, p63, and CD5 were immunohistochemically detected in the tumor but epithelial markers and TTF-1 were negative. Metastatic mesothelioma was considered based on immunohistochemistry and computerized tomography finding of pleural thickening even though p63 and CD5 positivity were unusual. In summary, MPM may present as mediastinal lymphadenopathy with metastases or it may be a concurrent neoplasm with other malignancies or shows an unusual immunohistochemical staining pattern. Caution should be used when diagnosing mesothelial cell inclusions in MLNs.
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PMID:Unusual features of malignant pleural mesothelioma metastatic to the mediastinal lymph nodes. 1830 Dec 36

Isolated pleural effusion is a very rare presentation of malignant melanoma. A 46 year-old male patient presented to us with complaints of shortness of breath during the previous month. A contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) imaging scan of his thorax showed right-sided pleural effusion with the absence of any mass lesion or mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Cytology of his pleural fluid showed pigmented cells suggestive of malignant melanoma. Staining of the pleural fluid cells with immunohistological markers for melanoma (HMB 45 and S 100) were positive. An examination of his skin did not reveal any pigmented lesion, nor was there a past history of malignant melanoma for this patient. The patient responded well to therapy for malignant melanoma and has remained asymptomatic for the last year. This patient was diagnosed with a rare case of primary malignant melanoma of the pleura presenting as isolated pleural effusion.
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PMID:Malignant melanoma presenting as an isolated pleural effusion. 2193

The authors herein report the case of a 32-year-old man with advancing metastatic malignant melanoma, who has progressed through all previous lines of therapy, presenting with ongoing respiratory tract symptoms of exertional shortness of breath and cough. CT restaging confirmed clinical findings of deteriorating pulmonary disease; histological review revealed V600E BRAF mutation. He was started on targeted biological therapy with BRAF inhibitor GSK2118436, and is having a good clinical and radiological response without significant lasting toxicity.
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PMID:Good clinical and radiological response to BRAF inhibitor in patient with metastatic thin melanoma. 2274 55


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