Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0025202 (melanoma)
 69,561 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A CW YAG laser was used to coagulate retina and to produce an optical iridotomy in a human eye that was to be enucleated for malignant melanoma at the optic nerve head. Moderate coagulation with the CW YAG laser produced a deep choroidal reaction involving the outer portion of the retina. The inner structure of the fovea remained relatively unaffected. The nerve fiber over the coagulated vessels was unchanged. An optical iridotomy also was produced with the CW YAG. At least ten times more energy was needed to produce retinal photocoagulation with the CW YAG than is generally needed with the argon laser. Retrobulbar anesthesia should be used to prevent pain if extensive coagulation is done.
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PMID:Effects of the CW YAG laser on the human iris and retina. 654 70

A 60-year old woman with metastatic malignant melanoma who was well responded to a combination chemotherapy including DTIC was reported. She was noted a lentigo in the left first toe and histological examination revealed malignant melanoma in October 1978. Amputation of the left lower leg and dissection of the left inguinal lymph nodes had been done. OK-432 was injected as postoperative immunotherapy. She was readmitted to our hospital with the symptoms of pain and numbness of the left arm. Physical examination revealed a palpable mass in the left supraclavicular region. Incisional biopsy of the supraclavicular mass revealed metastatic malignant melanoma. She received a combination of 100mg DTIC i.v. for 5 days, 100 mg ACNU i.v. for one day and 1 mg VCR i.v. for one day (DAV chemotherapy) postoperatively. Subcutaneous injection of OK-432 with the dose of 5 KE per week was continued. Major side effects of DAV chemotherapy were nausea and transient leukocytopenia. No serious side effects were observed. On completion of the first course of DAV chemotherapy, abnormal shadow of the left apex was completely disappeared and on completion of the third course of DAV chemotherapy, high density area was markedly decreased in the cervical CT. She gained symptomatic reliefs and was discharged in August 1983. The combination chemotherapy including DTIC appeared to be effective in the treatment of metastatic malignant melanoma.
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PMID:[Case of metastatic malignant melanoma responded to combination chemotherapy with DTIC]. 658 6

A retrospective study of 141 cases of clear cell sarcoma of tendons and aponeuroses revealed that the tumor occurred predominantly in young patients between 15 and 35 years of age, was slightly more common in female than in male patients, and originated chiefly from tendons, aponeuroses, and fascial structures of the extremities with a predilection for the feet and knees. The tumor presented as an insidiously growing mass causing pain or tenderness in slightly more than half of the patients. The preoperative duration of symptoms varied greatly, and in 29 cases the time interval between discovery of the tumor and operation exceeded 5 years. Microscopically, the tumors varied little in appearance and were composed of short fascicles of fusiform cells with a clear to granular eosinophilic cytoplasm, vesicular nuclei with prominent nucleoli, and occasional multinucleated giant cells. Melanin was demonstrated in 72% of the 92 tumors in which the Fontana or Warthin-Starry preparation for melanin was performed. S-100 protein, a neuroectodermal marker, was positive in 13 of 19 cases. Follow-up information was available in 115 patients. Thirty-four (29.6%) were alive and well with no evidence of recurrence. Twenty-four (20.9%) patients were alive with one or two recurrences, three (2.6%) were alive following pulmonary lobectomy for metastatic sarcoma, and one was alive with metastasis in the thoracic spine. Fifty-three of the 115 patients with follow-up information had died, 50 from metastatic tumor and three from miscellaneous causes. The prevailing sites of metastasis were the lung and the regional lymph nodes. The exact histogenesis remains obscure, but the presence of intracellular melanin in two-thirds of the cases supports origin from migrated neural crest cells with the capacity for producing melanin. For this reason the term, malignant melanoma of soft parts, seems preferable over the purely descriptive term of clear cell sarcoma.
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PMID:Malignant melanoma of soft parts. A reassessment of clear cell sarcoma. 661 6

Telephone interviews were conducted with 111 patients with cutaneous melanoma and 107 controls to determine sun-exposure habits during various life periods. Painful or blistering sunburns during either childhood or adolescence were associated with subsequent increased risk of developing cutaneous melanoma. While solar exposure does not appear to be a factor in some patients, when patients were divided into subgroups by age, sex, or sun type, each subset showed some increased risk associated with a factor related to short-term excessive sun exposure. Ill effects due to such exposures appeared to increase the risk of melanoma.
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PMID:Sun exposure habits in patients with cutaneous melanoma: a case control study. 664 17

Fifty consecutive patients with metastatic carcinoma who underwent cryohypophysectomy were studied. Of these, 26 had breast cancer, 19 had prostatic cancer, one had malignant melanoma, one had cancer of the kidney, and three had metastatic adenocarcinoma from an unknown primary tumour. After cryohypophysectomy, excellent pain relief was obtained in 48% of patients, good or acceptable pain relief was obtained in 40%, and poor or no relief in 12%. Two patients died: one of aspiration pneumonia and one of an unknown cerebral cause. Sixteen patients developed diabetes insipidus, of whom three required therapy with vasopressin; eight patients developed a cerebrospinal fluid leak, two of whom required surgical repair; and four patients developed meningitis, which resolved in three after antibiotic therapy. Results are compared with those from other published reports. Pain relief from cryohypophysectomy is surmised to be due to the production of endorphins, but no proof of this is available.
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PMID:Cryohypophysectomy for the relief of pain in malignant disease. 669 92

Tumors arising from the pigment epithelium of the ciliary body are rare and most commonly occur in white adults. We describe a tumor that was clinically indistinguishable from a melanoma or medulloepithelioma occurring in a 7-year-old Japanese boy. Three months after initial evaluation, the eye was enucleated because of intractable intraocular pressure elevation and pain. On pathologic examination the tumor was found to fill approximately one third of the anterior chamber. Light microscopic and ultrastructural findings were consistent with an adenocarcinoma of the ciliary body pigment epithelium. To our knowledge, this is the youngest patient described with this tumor.
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PMID:Adenocarcinoma of the ciliary body pigment epithelium in a child. 670 52

The nasal cavity and sinus system is extensive but its examination is limited. Listening to breathing and respiration can afford useful clues to underlying abnormality. Examination of the nasal cavity may reveal the pale swollen mucosa of allergic rhinitis or the overdeveloped lining seen in perennial rhinorrhoea and hypertropic rhinitis. Localised hypertrophy gives rise to the nasal polyp which usually forms in the region of the ethmoid sinus. Atrophic rhinitis is a destructive condition of the nasal lining. Sinusitis may be open or closed, presenting with localised pain and displacement of the eye in the case of frontal or ethmoidal abscess or mucocoele. Deformities of the external nose or nasal septum are often encountered during examination. Epistaxis may be caused by bleeding simply from Kiesselbach's vessels, or may be an early feature of telangiectasia or cardiovascular diseases. Tumors are rarely found but include papillomata and the mucous membrane melanoma.
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PMID:Nasal disease in relation to fitness of a pilot. 673 2

4 cases of metastases in the oral cavity are described. They were seen in patients with carcinoma of the renal pelvis, renal carcinoma, breast carcinoma and malignant melanoma. In 3 of the cases, the metastases were situated distally to the canines in the mandible, where Roentgen examination had revealed a radiolucent area, and in the 4th case, in the soft tissue in the upper jaw. The initial symptoms in all 4 cases were swelling, pain or decreased sensitivity. The metastases were diagnosed, on average, 7 years after diagnosis of the primary tumour.
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PMID:Metastases in the oral cavity. Case reports. 681 72

Eleven patients with primary anorectal melanoma were analyzed retrospectively. Clinical symptoms and signs were rather unspecific; bleeding in nine, a palpable mass in five, and local pain in three patients. Two patients had the tumor diagnosed accidentally. In all patients the primary tumor was in an advanced stage. A summary of the histopathological characteristics is given in all patients. Six patients were subjected to abdominal perineal resection, four to local excision, and one to a colostomy followed by radiotherapy. All patients developed metastatic disease after a median time of 10 months. The median survival time was 14 months after both abdominal perineal resection and local excision. One patient is still alive after 11 years. Pertinent data form the literature are given.
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PMID:Primary anorectal malignant melanoma. 683 47

A series of 204 melanoma patients were studied six months or longer after regional lymph node dissection of the neck (N = 48), axilla (N = 98) and groin (N = 58) in order to determine the degree of morbidity and analyze for risk factors associated with these procedures. Only one-quarter of the patients experienced wound-related, short-term complications that were common at all sites; however, these rarely resulted in long-term functional deficits. Seromas (22%), temporary nerve dysfunction or pain (14%), and wound infections (6%) were the most frequent short-term complications. Wound complications extended the mean hospital stay by 0.6 to 4.8 days. Residual lymphedema of the leg was measurable in 26% of groin dissection patients after six months or longer; most of the edema was confined to the thigh. Only 8% of patients had significant functional deficit from lymphedema. The risk of developing at least one complication for all patients was increased for obese patients (P = 0.05) and increasing age (P = .01). These risk factors should be considered when evaluating melanoma patients for regional lymph node dissection.
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PMID:Patient risk factors and surgical morbidity after regional lymphadenectomy in 204 melanoma patients. 683 3


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