Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0025202 (melanoma)
 69,561 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A null cell fraction was isolated from human peripheral blood by Ficoll density gradient centrifugation followed by removal of mononuclear phagocytes, passage through Ig-antiIg columns and sedimentation of E-rosette forming T cells. In contrast to the T cell fraction in the Null cell population exhibited cytotoxic activity against antibody-sensitized human melanoma target cells (ADCC reaction). This activity could be attributed to a low affinity Fc-receptor bearing cells present in the Null cell preparation. At the ultrastructural level in 2 h ADCC reaction most tumor cells were surrounded by up to 10 lymphoid cells which showed narrow junctions with parallel plasma membranes and local evaginations of lymphoid cells into recessus of the target melanoma cells. The mononuclear cell type found in close contact with the antibody-sensitized target cells had the following morphological criteria: 8 to 10 mu diameter, irregular nucleus, discrete rough endoplasmic reticulum, isolated ribosomes, cytoplasmic organelles concentrated under a ruffling membrane in the contact area with the tumor cell.
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PMID:Human peripheral Nullymphocytes: ultrastructural aspects of the "K" cell effect against a melanoma target cell. 73 73

The data are reported on studying the stromal response of 19 melanomas of analogous localization, showing the same type of growth, histological structure, the level of invasion and area of ulceration in patients with positive and negative delayed hypersensitivity reaction to injection of the polysaccharide fraction from melanoma tissue. A high degree of pronouncement of lymphoid-cellular infiltration of tumor stroma correlated with a positive delayed hypersensitivity response, whereas a low degree -- with a negative one.
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PMID:[State of the stroma in melanoma in patients with different delayed hypersensitivity reaction to neoplasm antigen]. 74 96

The blastogenic response of normal spleen, lymph node, and peripheral blood lymphoid cells to tumor-associated antigens (TAA) derived from two syngeneic C57BL/6J tumors was measured by [3H]thymidine incorporation. Peripheral blood cells were responsive to TAA from B16 melanoma and from BW10232 mammary carcinoma at both a high (10(-1) to 10(-3) mg/ml) and a low (10(-5) to 10(-6) mg/ml) concentration of antigen. While peripheral blood cells always responded to TAA, spleen cells and lymph node cells did not. When spleen and lymph node cells did respond, they sometimes responded at different concentrations of TAA than did the peripheral blood cells. Spleen cells generally responded to "low" concentrations of TAA, while lymph node cells responded to "high" concentrati-ns of TAA. These data suggest two subpopulations of lymphoid cells capable of response to TA.. Spleen cells from mice bearing the BW10232 mammary carcinoma became responsive to BW10232 TAA at low concentrations of antigen. Lymph node cells became responsive at high concentrations of BW10232 antigen. The response of both subpopulations to BW10232 TAA was amplified in peripheral blood cells. Spleen cells were 30 times more responsive in the tumor bearer than in normal animals, while lymph node cells were only 3 times more responsive. It is shown that lymphoid cells taken from different areas or "lymphoid compartments" do not always show similar responses and should not be considered equivalent in evaluating immune responses to tumor cells.
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PMID:Differences in the responsiveness of splenic, lymph node, and peripheral blood lymphoid cells to tumor membrane extracts. 83 Apr 19

Evidence that xenogeneic immune RNA (I-RNA) mediated specific cytotoxic immune responses against human tumor-associated antigens was obtained from in vitro studies in two autologous melanoma systems. In these systems, malignant melanoma target cells, matching normal fibroblast target cells, lymphocyte effector cells, and melanoma and normal skin tissue used to immunize RNA donor animals were derived from the same autochthonous hosts. When incubated with autologous lymphocytes, I-RNA extracted from the lymphoid organs of donor animals immunized with melanoma tissue mediated immune reactions against autologous melanoma target cells in vitro. I-RNA from animals immunized with normal skin tissue from autochthonous hosts did not increase the cytotoxicity of autologous lymphocytes for autologous melanoma cells. Using autologous fibroblasts as target cells, we detected no increase in cytotoxicity when autologous lymphocytes were incubated with RNA from animals immunized either with melanoma tissue or normal skin tissue from the autochthonous host. By contrast, when allogeneic lymphocytes were used as effector cells, RNA extracted from animals immunized either with melanoma tissue or normal skin mediated cytotoxic immune reactions against melanoma target cells and normal fibroblast target cells derived from the same patient.
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PMID:Specificity of antitumor immune reactions mediated by xenogeneic immune RNA. 83 54

From sera of parous women, we selected 100 samples that lacked cytotoxic antibodies to human peripheral lymphocytes from at least 80 unrelated persons. These sera were then reacted with a panel of 17 cultured human lymphoid cells in the complement-dependent cytotoxic test. Forty-six sera contained cytotoxic antibodies apparently directed to an antigenic system distinct from HL-A antigens, and other known cell surface markers. Rabbit serum was the most efficient source of complement with these cytotoxic antibodies which did not appear to be directed to tumor associated antigens: in fact, no lysis of melanoma cells or leukemic cells could be detected. Ten specificities could be identified which were represented on the cultured human lymphoid cells in various combinations. It is suggested that antigens detected by this approach may be similar to the Ia antigens of the mouse.
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PMID:Humoral sensitization in parous women: cytotoxic antibodies to non HL-A antigens. 93 85

Peripheral blood lymphoid cells (PBL) from cancer patients and normal donors were tested against three melanoma cell lines grown in either 10% fetal calf serum (FCS) or 2.5-5% human AB serum in order to determine if the heterologous membrane (HM) antigen or other FCS antigens acquired from the bovine serum supplement could influence lymphoid cell-mediated cytotoxicity in vitro. FCS-grown melanoma cells were more susceptible than the AB serum-grown subline to lymphocyte cytotoxic effects. Arming effects by autologous sera on normal donor lymphocytes and to a lesser extent on lymphocytes of cancer patients were more pronounced on the FCS-grown M12 melanoma cells. This effect was abrogated when the cells were grown in human AB serum for at least 8 weeks. The non-HM tumor-associated antigen remained at the same original low level. Blocking effects were more evident on the AB-grown M14 melanoma line. These data suggest that the FCS antigens on the cell surface may have been responsible for the augmented PBL cytotoxicity. The anti-FCS antibody present in normal and cancer patients' blood induced an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Elimination of arming activity against HM or other FCS antigens from AB-grown cells may have made the serum blocking factors more apparent. However, cytotoxicity against tumor cells by PBL from normal donors was still apparent even on the human serum-grown cells, suggesting that a different antigen-antibody system was also responsible for this "non-specific" activity.
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PMID:Human tumor cells grown in fetal calf serum and human serum: influences on the tests for lymphocyte cytotoxicity, serum blocking and serum arming effects. 94 29

In the present work, the authors have employed a test for blasttransformation and mitotic activity of lymphocytes in the culture with phytohemagglutinin (PHA-Difeo) to estimate the state of cell immunity in patients having malignant melanoma (95). A correlation was made between these tests and the number of lymphoid cells in patients blood prior to and 10--14 days after surgery, radio- and combined therapy. The most informative index of the cell immunity state in patients with malignant melanoma before application of special therapeutic measures was the absolute number of lymphocytes in blood, while following the treatment- the kinetics of the complex of tests under study.
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PMID:[Activity of lymphocytes from patients with malignant melanoma in a culture with phytohemagglutinin]. 99 8

Xenogeneic immune RNA (I-RNA), extracted from the lymphoid organs of sheep or guinea pigs immunized with human tumor cells, mediated in vitro cytotoxic immune responses that were directed specifically against tumor-associated antigens of human tumor target cells. Normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes from healthy donors became markedly more cytotoxic for human tumor target cells after being incubated with I-RNA extracted from the lymphoid organs of animals that had been immunized with that particular tumor. Gastric carcinoma, malignant melanoma, and carcinoma of the breast were studied. Lymphocytes incubated with RNA from animals immunized with only complete Freund's adjuvant evidenced no increased cytotoxic activity. RNA extracted from the lymphoid organs of animals immunized with normal skin fibroblasts that were autologous to the immunizing tumor, when incubated with normal allogeneic lymphocytes, also mediated cytotoxic immune reactions against tumor target cells. These immune responses probably were directed principally against normal transplantation antigens. However, when lymphocytes that were autologous to the immunizing tumor and/or the tumor target cells were incubated with RNA from animals immunized with autologous normal fibroblasts, cytotoxicity did not increase. Only I-RNA extracted from donor animals specifically immunized with tumor cells mediated cytotoxic antitumor immune responses when incubated with autologous lymphocytes.
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PMID:Mediation of cytotoxic immune responses against human tumor-associated antigens by xenogeneic immune RNA. 100 10

In the murine model presented for tumor-associated immune suppression, normal BALB/c mice displayed significant foodpad swelling when sensitized on the flank with 2 mg dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide and challenged in a footpad with 0.05 mg DNCB 10 days later. This reaction in challenged footpads seemed to be a classic delayed hypersensitivity reaction, since it took 24 hours to develop and included an extensive mononuclear infiltrate. The reaction was transmissible from sensitized to normal mice by the transfer of lymphoid cells but not to serum. When sensitized 10 days after tumor inoculation, mice bearing either an allogeneic melanoma or a syngeneic lymphoma or fibrosarcoma did not demonstrate delayed hypersensitivity to DNCB.
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PMID:Effects of murine tumors on delayed hypersensitivity to dinitrochlorobenzene. I. Description of anergy caused by transplanted tumors. 100 43

A dihydro derivative of karminomycin was prepared using chemical reduction with potassium boron hydride. When dihydrokarminomycin was administered intravenously to healthy albino mice in a single dose it practically showed the same toxicity as karminomycin. However, unlike the latter dihydrokarminomycin induced the death of the animals at later periods of time. Studies on mice with transplantable tumours showed high antitumor activity of dihydrokarminomycin against lymphosarcoma L10-1, sarcoma 180, Garding-Passy melanoma, lymphoid leukosis L-1210 and lymphocytal leukosis P-388. In treatment of the mice with leukosis L-1210 and Garding-Passy melanoma dihydrokapminomycin was much inferior by its efficiency than karminomycin.
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PMID:[Preparation of dihydrocarminomycin and a comparison of its antitumor activity with the activity of carminomycin]. 103 88


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