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Query: UMLS:C0025202 (melanoma)
 69,561 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Aqueous spleen extracts were purified using acetone precipitation, membrane filtration, affinity chromatography, and dialysis. These extracts were able to inhibit thymidine incorporation into lymphoid cells (MKT-CH and PHA-stimulated lymphocyte cultures). They did not influence non lymphoid tissue (melanoma cells Mel Ei 78 and Ehrlich ascites cells). The inhibition was reversible and the purified extracts were not cytotoxic. The extracts correspond to a chalone. Their importance for prevention of graft versus host reaction and for treatment of lymphoproliferative diseases is discussed.
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PMID:[Tissue specific inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation by spleen extract (lymphocyte chalone) (author's transl)]. 0 82

Complement-dependent cytotoxic antibodies to common cell surface antigens of cultured melanoma cells were produced in guinea pigs. At appropriate dilution, melanoma antisera were cytotoxic only to melanoma target cells. Following absorption with pooled lymphoid cells, additional absorption with melanoma cells but not absorption with fibroblasts or carcinoma cells was found to remove all cytotoxic activity from melanoma antisera. Absorption with human fetal skin cells but not with autologous fetal visceral cells was found to remove cytotoxicity from melanoma antisera. Tissue type-specific antigens may be shared by human malignant melanomas and fetal skin of black racial origin (at 16 to 18 weeks of gestation). The methods may be useful in the production of xenogeneic antisera with "operational monospecificity" for common melanoma-specific antigens. Sera from 47 patients with malignant melanoma failed to evidence specific cytotoxicity for melanoma target cells.
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PMID:Production of antisera with specificity for malignant melanoma and human fetal skin. 5 91

Membrane antigens of a cultured human melanoma line, UCLASO-M14, were studied using immune adherence techniques. Allogeneic sera from melanoma patients that were reactive with the M14 but nonreactive with lymphoid cells of the M14 donor were used as antibodies. The antigen responsible for the reaction between M14 and the antibodies was searched for in other cancer, normal, and fetal tissues using antibody absorption techniques. The antigen was found in a variety of different histological types of biopsied and cultured cancer cells as well as in melanomas. The antigen did not exist in biopsied normal tissues, but it appeared in cultured normal skin and muscle. Neither normal lymphocytes nor cultured lymphoid cells showed any antigenicity. The antigen was present in human fetal tissues and was the strongest in fetal brain tissues at 22 weeks of development. Liver, spleen, thymus, and small intestine from the same fetus were negative for antigen.
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PMID:A membrane antigen common to human cancer and fetal brain tissues. 6 13

The expression of HLA antigens and beta2-microglobulin (beta2-mu) on cultured melanoma cells originated from 11 patients has been quantitated and compared with that on fibroblasts and cultured human lymphoid cells originated from the same patients. No qualitative or quantitative difference was detected with the exception of one melanoma line. HLA antigens were also quantitated in sera from melanoma patients: two sera reacted with anti-HLA-B7 antibodies although this specificity was not expressed on lymphocytes from whom the sera were obtained. A technique to quantitate HLA antigens on cells developed in the course of this study is described.
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PMID:Expression of histocompatibility (HLA) antigens on tumor cells and normal cells from patients with melanoma. 6 83

Tumor cell fractions isolated from tumor lines SH-3 (breast carcinoma) and RPMI-7932 (malignant melanoma) by differential centrifugations were capable of transforming lymphocytes into cytotoxic effector cells. Lymphocytes cultured alone in human AB plasma did not become cytotoxic to tumor cells. However, when cultured with tumor cell fractions sedimented at 1000 X g(R1), 20,000 X g(R2), and 100,000 X g(R3), these lymphocytes became markedly cytotoxic to specific tumor targets in a 3.5-hr (51)Cr release assay. R2 fractions were significantly more immunogenic than were R3 fractions (p less than 0.05). Although lymphocytes sensitized with SH-3 tumor cell fractions were cytotoxic to SH-3 tumor cells, they were also cytotoxic to cells from RPMI-7932 and RPMI-8322 (malignant melanoma) tumor lines and vice versa. Cells from tumor lines HT-29 (colon carcinoma) and COLO 110 (ovary carcinoma) were significantly less susceptible to lysis by effector cells generated against SH-3. These immune cells, although capable of killing cells from tumor lines, were not able to lyse cells from autochthonous normal lymphoid lines or normal lymphocytes that have been transformed by phytohemagglutinin. Tumor cell fractions were not immunogenic at low (5- to 20-mul/0.75 ml) concentrations; an increase of 4- to 10- fold in their concentrations was usually followed by a decrease in immunization.
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PMID:In vitro immunization against human tumor cells with tumor cell fractions. 7

Viable frozen lymphocytes displayed activity in blastogenesis assays that was indistinguishable from freshly prepared lymphoid cells. Similarly, cytotoxic activity of lymphocytes against melanoma target cells from melanoma patients was only slightly affected by the freezing procedure. Frozen lymphocytes provided a highly reproducible source of cells in these assays. The use of viable frozen peripheral blood lymphoid cells for the retrospective analysis of a cancer patient's immune response is described.
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PMID:The use of viable frozen lymphocytes for studies in human tumor immunology. 12 84

Antigens solubilized from culured human lymphoid cells WI-L2 and RPMI 1788 were partially purified by ultracentrifugation on a KBr gradient. These antigens injected into rabbits produced xenoantibodies which after absorption with melanoma cells became specific to B cell antigens. Three such xenoantisera were submitted to the Second Histocompatibility Workshop of the Americas and reacted much like alloantisera to B cell antigens against a large panel of B peripheral lymphocytes and cells from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Xenoantisera to B cell antigens inhibited the mixed lymphocyte reaction, but did not affect the mitogenic activity of phytohemagglutinin or the functional properties of C3 receptors, monkey red blood cell receptors, or T cell receptors.
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PMID:Immunogenicity of human B cell antigens solubilized from cultured human lymphoid cells. 13 44

Mice have been immunosuppressed with cyclophosphamide, cortisone-acetate, irradiation, or Ehrlich ascitic fluid (EAF) and then grafted with Ehrlich tumor or with one of the following strain-specific tumors: thymoma, methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma, B-16 melanoma, lymphatic leukaemia, and myeloid leukaemia. Immunosuppression of the host influenced very differently the growth of transplanted malignancies. The growth of thymoma and of Ehrlich tumor was regularly enhanced. The growth of fibrosarcoma and of melanoma, on the other hand, was retarded in mice pretreated with EAF and X-rays, or remained unchanged in mice pretreated with drugs. Leukaemia growth was not influenced by any immunosuppressive treatment; the only exception was enhanced growth of lymphoid leukaemia in animals pretreated with EAF. Thus different tumors grew differently in animals immunosuppressed by the same immunosuppressive agent, while different immunosuppressive treatment changed the growth of one particular tumor always in the same way. From this we concluded: (1) there is no rule as to how immunosuppression of the host will influence tumor growth; and (2) the way in which the malignant growth will be changed depends mainly upon the type of the tumor and probably not very much upon the type of immunosuppressive treatment.
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PMID:Effect of immunosuppression on the growth of six murine tumors. 15 96

Cyclic AMP dependent protein kinase activity was depressed in whole thymus and spleen as well as isolated splenic lymphocytes from B16 melanoma bearing C57B1/6J mice as compared to control animals. A similar loss of enzyme activity was observed in human peripheral blood lymphocytes from melanoma bearing patients as compared to normal subjects. An unaltered level of activity in the heart of tumor bearing mice suggested some specificity for the lymphoid system. This depressed enzyme activity was the result of a diminished Vmax for cAMP stimulated calf histone phosphorylation. The tumor bearing state in the mouse was also accompanied by a depletion of small lymphocytes from both thymus and spleen and it is hypothesized that the losses of lymphocytes and cAMP dependent protein kinase activity are related.
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PMID:Loss of lymphocyte cyclic AMP dependent protein kinase activity in malignant melanoma. 20 55

A material inhibiting growth of lymphocytes from different lymphoid organs and from different species was purified from calf spleen. A factor with a molecular weight of about 45,000 dal (estimated by gel chromatography) inhibited DNA synthesis and mitosis irreversibly in thymocytes and caused degenerative changes in the nucleus and the cytoplasm of the thymocytes as judged by electron microscopy. However, no decrease in cell number and no increase in dye uptake in a dye exclusion test were found. Growth inhibition was also demonstrated for human melanoma cells, but not for rat liver cells. The cytotoxicity and the lack of absolute lymphocyte specificity of the factor speak against its character as a lymphocyte chalone. A probably identical factor was purified from calf liver, but was not found in extracts of calf thymus.
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PMID:Further studies on splenic material inhibiting the growth of lymphocytes in vitro. 31 11


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