Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0025202 (melanoma)
 69,561 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The cytotoxicity of spleen lymphocytes against YAC-1 cells, against syngeneic B-16 and F-10 melanoma cells was augmented not only by incubation of spleen lymphocytes with human recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) in vitro, but also by injecting C57BL/6 mice with high dose rIL-2 for more than 3 consecutive days. In animals injected s.c. with multiple high dose rIL-2, the numbers of tumor nodules in the lung were significantly decreased 21 days after i.v. tumor inoculation. In addition, in these groups of animals no liver metastases were observed although liver metastases were detected in 6/11 control mice.
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PMID:In vivo augmentation of the cytotoxicity of spleen lymphocytes against syngeneic B-16 melanoma cells and the suppression of the artificial metastases in C57BL/6 mice by subcutaneous multiple injections of high dose human recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2). 348 19

The administration of anti-B16 monoclonal antibody of the IgG2b isotype to mice bearing established B16 melanoma liver metastases caused a significant and consistent reduction of up to 90% in the number of these metastases. No reduction in the number of metastases was noted when antigenically unrelated tumor or nonspecific immunoglobulin were employed. The antibody-mediated antitumor effect was completely abrogated by total body irradiation of the host. Treatment of the tumor-bearing host with antiserum directed against asialo GM1 prior to anti B16 antibody administration, abrogated the therapeutic effect indicating the involvement of a radiosensitive, ASGM1-positive cell in the tumor regression. The antitumor effect of the antibody treatment could be augmented by the concomitant administration of recombinant interleukin-2. The effect seen may have possible application in the treatment of liver metastases in humans by combined immunotherapy using recombinant interleukin-2 and specific antitumor monoclonal antibodies.
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PMID:Effect of anti-B16 melanoma monoclonal antibody on established murine B16 melanoma liver metastases. 349 4

Hyperthermic liver perfusion for four hours at 42.0 degrees C to 42.5 degrees C was used as the sole modality of therapy for cancer confined to the liver in eight patients. Two patients had melanoma, one had cholangiolar carcinoma of the liver, and five had liver metastases from colorectal carcinoma. Two postoperative deaths occurred, both in patients with colorectal carcinoma metastases. Response was indicated by computed tomographic and/or liver biopsy or autopsy findings of tumor necrosis. There were five responders to hyperthermic liver perfusion among the six survivors. Hyperthermic liver perfusion was an effective tumoricidal agent for hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer; ie, tumor necrosis occurred in all five patients, as well as in the two who died, as shown by autopsy findings. Conversion to a disease-free state with hyperthermic perfusion may be possible with other treatment modalities used in combination or sequence.
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PMID:Tumoricidal effects and patient survival after hyperthermic liver perfusion. 353 40

There is considerable evidence in animal tumor systems that antitumor immunity is modulated by suppressor T-lymphocytes, and that the cytotoxic drug cyclophosphamide (CY) can abrogate that suppression. We measured the acquisition of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to autologous melanoma cells in 19 patients with metastatic malignant melanoma. The patients were treated with an autologous melanoma cell vaccine, either given alone, or given 3 days after the administration of CY, 300 mg/m2 i.v. The DTH responses of CY-pretreated patients were significantly greater than those of control (vaccine only) patients. Thus, after two vaccine treatments, the median DTH responses (mm induration) were as follows: controls, 4 mm; CY pretreated, 11 mm; P = 0.034, Mann-Whitney U test, 2-tailed. Whereas seven of eight CY-pretreated patients developed DTH to autologous melanoma cells of at least 5 mm, only two of seven controls did so (P = 0.034, Fisher's exact test). Two patients had significant antitumor responses to treatment with CY plus vaccine, consisting of complete disappearance of skin metastases and a pulmonary nodule in one, and regression of s.c. and liver metastases in the other. Both patients remain free of melanoma after 42 and 33 mo, respectively.
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PMID:Induction of cell-mediated immunity to autologous melanoma cells and regression of metastases after treatment with a melanoma cell vaccine preceded by cyclophosphamide. 369 96

Clinical response of liver metastases treated by high-dose intraarterial chemotherapy (HDIAC) delivered via the hepatic artery was predicted by a modification of the human tumor colony-forming assay (HTCFA) originally described by Hamburger and Salmon [Science (Wash. DC), 197:461-463, 1977. In a first set of experiments, the immediate clinical response to HDIAC was determined in 12 patients with colorectal liver metastases. Biopsies were taken immediately before and after HDIAC, and cells were plated in the HTCFA. Three patients received intraoperative 4-epidoxorubicin and another 9 received mitomycin C by 15-min intraarterial infusions. Sensitivity in the HTCFA was defined as 50% inhibition of colony formation in tumors exposed to the chemotherapeutic agent, compared to the untreated controls. Clinical response was accurately predicted by the HTCFA in 11 of 12 cases. Eight patients had a regression of disease following HDIAC treatment with mitomycin C, as evidenced by either greater than 50% reduction in carcinoembryonic antigen serum level (7 patients) or regression of tumor by computed tomography scan (1 patient). Three patients had no evidence of clinical response to epidoxorubicin, and their tumors were resistant to epidoxorubicin in the HTCFA. One tumor was sensitive to mitomycin C in the HTCFA, but serum carcinoembryonic antigen in the patient continued to increase following HDIAC. The HTCFA was also performed on untreated biopsies following incubation in vitro with the drug used for HDIAC. Results correlated with clinical response in all 12 cases. In a second set of experiments, the HTCFA was used to predict the long-term clinical response to HDIAC of 30 patients with liver metastases. One patient had breast cancer metastases, one patient had carcinoid liver metastases, 4 had liver metastases of malignant melanoma, and 24 patients had colorectal liver metastases. All 21 of the patients whose tumors were sensitive in vitro had clinical response, while 6 of 9 patients predicted by the HTCFA to be resistant had no clinical response. Our results demonstrate a high correlation between the HTCFA and clinical response.
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PMID:Prospective correlative chemosensitivity testing in high-dose intraarterial chemotherapy for liver metastases. 373 Nov 30

Dacarbazine has shown the most consistent activity of any single chemotherapeutic agent in patients with metastatic melanoma. While the overall rate is 21%, responses fall to less than 10% when hepatic metastases are present. We report a patient with malignant melanoma metastatic to the liver in whom an apparent dose-response relationship to dacarbazine was demonstrated. His liver metastases responded to hepatic artery infusion, progressed with systemic iv therapy, and responded upon reinstitution of hepatic artery infusion.
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PMID:Dose-response relationship to dacarbazine demonstrated in a patient with malignant melanoma. 375 41

A total of 24 patients with liver metastases of the calcifying type were detected during CT scan imaging for cancer of different primary origin (colorectal, ovarian, mammary, gastric, prostatic, melanoma). These calcifying metastases represented 27% of the 89 liver metastases cases detected, and the incidence of a colorectal origin for these calcifying lesions (20% of cases) appears to be highly significant, their number being relatively larger than reported in previous studies. Identification of liver calcifications of possible diagnostic importance requires a two-stage CT scan investigation, before and after bolus. Paraclinical examinations should be directed selectively towards the digestive tract when the primary tumor is unknown.
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PMID:[Computerized x-ray tomographic aspects of calcifying hepatic metastases. Incidence of cancer of colorectal origin]. 379 82

Experimental metastases are often located preferentially near the surfaces of liver and lungs. There are indications that some surface preference also exists in human metastasis. Since this phenomenon has thus far received little attention, we quantitatively analyzed the distribution of metastases in mouse liver and lungs, produced by intraportal or intravenous injection of B16 melanoma cells. We also compared the distribution of these metastases to that of initially arrested tumor cells. The main findings were: The metastases had a highly significant surface preference. Most liver metastases were roughly spherical, but those in lungs were usually exceedingly flattened, a shape apparently imposed by the structure of the invaded tissue. Initial tumor cell arrest occurred randomly in the two target organs, and is therefore not responsible for the irregular distribution of the metastases found later.
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PMID:B16 melanoma metastases in mouse liver and lung. I. Localization. 398 Jan 61

Liver scintigraphy (99Tcm sulphur colloid) was performed in 118 patients with malignant melanoma. In 73 patients diagnosed as stage I, the pretreatment evaluation showed one false-negative and one false-positive examination. During follow-up there were ten abnormal liver scintigraphies; one was later correlated to liver metastases. In 46 patients diagnosed as stage II-IV, the pretreatment liver scintigraphy yielded false-negative results in 36% and false-positive results in 15%. The predictive values of positive and negative tests were 44% and 81%, respectively. The yields of liver tests (S-alkaline phosphatase, S-gamma-glutamyl-transferase) in patients with liver metastases were low. This study demonstrated the limitations of liver scintigraphy for diagnosis of liver metastases in patients with malignant melanoma.
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PMID:Value of liver scintigraphy in pretreatment staging and in follow-up of patients with malignant melanoma. 399 Mar 6

This clinicopathological case report describes the bilateral ocular pathology in an elderly man suffering from primary open angle glaucoma, aphakia and a ciliary body melanoma which was treated by cryotherapy to preserve vision in the better eye. Liver metastases were detected 18 months after the tumour was recognised. At autopsy, melanoma metastases were found within a renal cell carcinoma which had also metastasised to the lungs. Other abnormalities included aphakic maculopathy, senile macular degeneration, asteroid hyalosis and patchy hyalinisation of the retinal vasculature, which in one eye was the source of preretinal neovascularisation derived from intramural neovascularisation.
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PMID:A complicated case of ciliary body melanoma and glaucoma. 399 59


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