Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0025202 (melanoma)
 69,561 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This paper over-viewed the clinical studies on various interferons including HLBI (human lymphoblastoid interferon), HuIFN-beta (human fibroblast interferon) and r-IFN-alpha A (recombinant leukocyte A interferon) which have been tried widely in Japan. These interferons have shown some antitumor effects on various malignancies such as malignant lymphoma, multiple myeloma, renal cell carcinoma, leukemias, brain tumors, malignant melanoma, mycosis fungoides and others. Adverse reactions included fever, general fatigue, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, and abnormal liver function tests were experienced.
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PMID:[Effects of interferon on various malignancies]. 669 57

A 59-year-old woman with recurrent malignant melanoma of the vulva has well responded to a combination of immunotherapy and chemotherapy. As an immunotherapy, 10KE OK-432 were injected into the tumor twice a week. Chemotherapeutic regimen consisted of intravenous push of 1 mg vincristine on day 1,100 mg dacarbazine from day 1 through 5 and 50 mg nitrosourea (ACNU) on day 5. This treatment was repeated with 4 week intervals. Before treatment, the patient had a 3 X 3 X 5 cm subcutaneous mass on the left vaginal wall near the introitus. Fifty percent objective reduction of the tumor was achieved 6 weeks after commencement of intralegional immunotherapy and chemotherapy, and the tumor almost disappeared 8 months later. At this time, the treatment was changed to a supportive immunotherapy with intramuscular injection of 1KE OK-432 twice a week. But the tumor began to enlarge 2 months later and the patient is now being treated with the same combination therapy. Major side effects were febrile episodes on the day of intratumor injection of OK-432 and nausea, vomiting during the interval of chemotherapy. Anemia was the main hematologic side effect, but leukocytopenia and thrombocytopenia were not severe. The combination of intratumor injection of OK-432 and chemotherapy seems to be effective for the treatment of malignant melanoma.
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PMID:[Case of malignant melanoma of the external genitalia responding satisfactorily to a combination of local injection of OK-432 and chemotherapy]. 682 Aug 77

A phase II study of methanesulfonamide, N-(4-(9 acridinylamino)-3-methoxyphenyl)-(m-AMSA) was undertaken by the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group. Thirty-five evaluable patients were studied, 18 of whom had had no prior therapy and eight of whom had been treated only one cytotoxic drug. Thirty-one of these patients were ECOG performance status 2 or better. The dose of m-AMSA employed in this study was 40 mg/M2 as an I.V. infusion over 20 minutes daily for 3 days, repeated every 3 weeks. Leukopenia was found to be dose-limiting; thrombocytopenia and anemia were also observed. Other prominent toxicities included anorexia, nausea, and vomiting. No cardiovascular toxicity was observed in this study, but none of the patients had received prior anthracycline therapy. Only one partial response of measurable disease was observed, all other patients had progressive disease on m-AMSA therapy. No significant clinical activity of m-AMSA against malignant melanoma was demonstrated in this very favorable group of patients.
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PMID:Phase II study of m-AMSA in advances malignant melanoma. 689 95

Fourteen patients with advanced malignant melanoma were treated with a combination chemotherapy consisting of ACNU 100 mg/m2 i.v. on Day 1 in 6 week intervals and DTIC 200 mg/m2 i.v. on Days 1 to 5 at 3 week intervals. Four patients had prior chemotherapy and 2 had prior immunotherapy. Excluding 4 patients received the regimen for adjuvant chemotherapy, 10 of 14 patients were evaluable for response. There were 3 patients of partial responses, 3 minor responses, 1 no change, and 3 progressive diseases. The durations of partial responses were 1, 1, and 8 months, respectively, while the survival times in these patients were 5, 21, and 10 months, respectively. Leukopenia less than 4,000/cmm occurred in 10 of 14 patients (71%) and thrombocytopenia less than 100 X 10(3)/cmm in 9 of 14 patients (64%), moreover, these hematologic toxicities were cumulative. Serum GOT and GPT elevated to 3,460 mu/ml and 1,365 mu/ml, respectively in one patient, but this returned to a normal level one month later. Nausea and vomiting were mild to severe in 12 of 14 patients, being most marked on Day 1 and decreasing intensity during the next several days. Other non-hematologic toxicities including skin rash, fever, and phlebitis were noted in each one patient, respectively. Hematologic toxicity of this regimen was a dose limiting toxicity; therefore, intensive supportive therapy to prevent infection and hemorrhage is essential for the management of the patients during this chemotherapy.
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PMID:[A combination chemotherapy of ACNU and DTIC for advanced malignant melanoma]. 696 41

In a Phase I trial patients with advanced malignant melanoma were treated with high-dose nitrogen mustard (HN2) and autologous bone marrow transplantation. Three patients were entered into the protocol. After procurement of 1.1--5.5 x 10(5) committed stem cells (CFU-C) per kg body wt, 33 mg/m2 of HN2 was administered i.v. as a bolus. Forty-eight hours later the noncryopreserved bone marrow was reinfused i.v. Side effects consisted of nausea, vomiting, anorexia, alopecia, phlebitis, hepatotoxicity, and neurotoxicity. Cardiotoxicity and hypocalcemia were encountered as unanticipated side effects not described so far by using lower dosages of HN2. Granulocytopenia of less than 10 x 10(9)/l and thrombocytopenia of less than 50.0 x 10(9)/l lasted for a mean of 10 and 8 days, respectively. Measureable disease present in two of three patients did not respond to the dose of HN2 used in this protocol. This study shows that hematologic recovery was shorter than previously reported in studies using HN2 without autologous bone marrow transplantation. The nonhematologic side effects of this dose of HN2, however, were severe and preclude the use of higher doses.
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PMID:High-dose nitrogen mustard (HN2) with autologous nonfrozen bone marrow transplantation in advanced malignant melanoma. A phase I trial. 701 56

A prospectively randomized study of postoperative chemotherapy with dimethyl triazeno imidazole carboxamide (DTIC) was conducted by the Central Oncology Group from 1972 until 1976. Of 174 patients operated upon for melanoma and entered into the study, 87 were randomly selected to receive DTIC, four courses in 12 months, at 4.5 mg/kg/d x 10. One-hundred-sixty-five (95%) of the cases were evaluable, including 40 high risk Stage I, 96 Stage II, and 29 Stage III cases. At a median follow-up period of 2.5 years, the control group had a better median disease-free interval (40 weeks vs. 73 weeks), median survival time (103 weeks vs. 133 weeks), and percentage of patients living free of disease (28% vs. 44%) than the DTIC-treated group. While disease-free interval appeared to be improved in the 25% of patients on DTIC therapy who developed thrombocytopenia, the overall effect of postoperative DTIC therapy was apparently not beneficial (P less than 0.05).
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PMID:DTIC and combination therapy for melanoma: III. DTIC (NSC 45388) Surgical Adjuvant Study COG PROTOCOL 7040. 702 Sep 16

Indicine N-oxide is a pyrrolizidine alkaloid isolated from Heliotropium indicum, one of the widely used herbs in Ayurvedic medicine. Thirty-seven patients with solid tumors received the drug: 15 men and 22 women (mean age, 53 years). All had had prior chemotherapy, and 25 had had prior radiotherapy. Eighty-four percent had a performance status of 0-3 (Cancer and Leukemia Group B criteria). The drug was given as a short infusion over 15 minutes and repeated with a median interval of 4 weeks. Doses were escalated from 1 to 9 g/m2. A total of 55 courses were evaluable. Dose-limiting toxic effects were leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, and the toxicity was cumulative with repeated doses. Other toxic effects included nausea and vomiting, anemia, and hepatic dysfunction. The hematologic toxicity tended to be more pronounced in patients with hepatic dysfunction, poor marrow reserve, and heavy prior chemotherapy and radiotherapy. There were no complete or partial responses. One patient with skin melanoma and another with ovarian carcinoma had improvement lasting 2 months. The maximally tolerated dose is 9 g/m2 in our population. A recommended dose for therapeutic study is 7 g/m2. High-risk patients should be started at a dose of 5 g/m2. The treatment may be repeated at 4-week intervals with close monitoring of wbc and platelet counts. Dose reductions may be necessary for repeated courses.
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PMID:Phase I study of indicine N-oxide in patients with advanced cancer. 709 66

Twenty-eight patients with disseminated malignant melanoma, who had failed prior therapy, were treated with aziridinylbenzoquinone (AZQ) administered on a 5-day I.V. schedule repeated every 4 weeks. The starting doses were 8 or 6 mg/m2/day x 5 days for good-and-poor-risk patients respectively. There were no complete or partial responses among 23 evaluable patients but four patients had stabilization of disease. The dose-limiting toxicity was thrombocytopenia. Other toxicities included weakness, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, dizziness, abdominal pain, and constipation. AZQ, given on a 5-day schedule, is ineffective in the treatment of patients with metastatic malignant melanoma.
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PMID:AZQ therapy in patients with disseminated malignant melanoma. 716 3

A phase I clinical study of aziridinylbenzoquinone (AZQ) was conducted in 33 patients with various types of advanced solid tumors to evaluate its toxicity and efficacy. The initial dose of 0.5 mg/m2/day X 5 days repeated at 3-week intervals was progressively increased to a maximum dose of 12.0 mg/m2/day. Thrombocytopenia was the dose-limiting toxic effect; it was delayed, cumulative, and occurred more often in patients with extensive prior chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Anemia was common and severe at higher doses, while nausea and vomiting were observed only in some patients and usually were mild. Objective tumor regressions were observed in 3 of 17 patients who received biologically active doses of AZQ, i.e., 6 mg/m2/day or higher. Minor responses were seen in two of three patients with malignant melanoma and in a patient with adenocarcinoma of unknown primary. The recommended starting dose of AZQ for good-risk patients is 8.0 mg/m2/day X 5 days for phase II studies.
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PMID:Phase I study of aziridinylbenzoquinone (NSC 182986). 731 28

53 patients with advanced and measurable cancerr were treated with vindesine in doses of 3 mg/m2 (pretreated) and 4 mg/m2 (non pretreated) i.v. once weekly. 48 patients are evaluable for response: of 14 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, 1 partial remission (PR), 1 minor response (MR) and 1 no change (NC) were observed. In 5 patients with large cell carcinoma of the lung: 1 NC. In 3 with adenocarcinoma of the lung: 1 MR. One patient with nasopharyngeal carcinoma had progressive disease. Stable disease was observed in a patient with carcinoma of the tongue and in a patient with adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. Four patients with colorectal carcinoma had progressive disease. One MR was observed in a patient with breast cancer, while all of the other 3 patients had progressive disease. One carcinoma of the penis was stable. One MR was observed in a patient with Hodgkin's disease. One PR was observed in a case with no-Hodgkin's lymphoma. A patient with acute leukemia had progressive disease. Among 9 patients with malignant melanoma, 3 had an MR and 1 patient had stable disease. A patient with fibrosarcoma had progressive disease. Observed toxicity included leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia, paresthesias, constipation, jaw pain, nausea, stomatitis, alopecia, loss of taste, pruritus and skin rash, weakness and fatigue.
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PMID:[Phase-II-study with vindesine (desacetyl-vinblastine-amide-sulfate) in advanced malignant diseases]. 742 51


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