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Query: UMLS:C0025202 (melanoma)
 69,561 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report a case of melanoma arising in a large nevus spilus. On histologic examination, the nevus spilus had diagnostic features of melanocytic dysplasia. Further characterization by flow cytometry showed DNA-aneuploidy within the melanoma as well as in one of the darker pigmented papules within the nevus spilus. The significance of this finding and a review of melanomas originating in nevi spili are presented.
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PMID:Occurrence of melanoma in "dysplastic" nevus spilus: report of case and analysis by flow cytometry. 147 93

In two patients suffering from congenital oculodermal melanocytosis (nevus of Ota) orbital, osseous, meningeal, and cerebral manifestations are documented. In a 38-year-old European with a nevus of Ota on the right side an ipsilateral orbital tumor was diagnosed and surgically removed. The histological examination revealed a primary spindle shaped malignant melanoma of the orbit. In addition, many benign melanocytes were found in the optic nerve, in the extraocular muscles, in the orbital fat tissue, and in the dura of the sphenoid. In a 17-year-old Ethiopian with a nevus of Ota of the right side an increase in size of the pigmented process was observed during puberty in the orbital fat tissue, in the extraocular muscles, in the optic nerve, in the periorbital bones, in the temporal muscle, and in the cortex of the frontal brain lobe. A deep excision from the lower eye lid revealed a histologically benign oculo-orbito-dermal melanocytosis. An irradiation was performed because of growth again after segmental excision, however without success. In the ipsilateral eye a secondary open-angle glaucoma was diagnosed. In the nevus of Ota an involvement of the orbit and of the meningo-cerebral tissue must be considered.
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PMID:[Orbital, osseous, meningeal and cerebral findings in oculodermal melanocytosis (nevus of Ota). Clinico-histopathologic correlation in 2 patients]. 150 91

The paper presents a literature review of the last 10 years and original data. Dysplastic nevus is a category of pigmented skin lesions determined clinically and histologically. It presents a marker of melanoma and other tumours risk. To diagnose dysplastic nevi morphologically, two main (central complex nevus of ordinary type, melanocytic dysplasia in the nevus "shoulders") and 4 additional criteria should be recognized. The combination of the main and at least two additional criteria allows the diagnosis of dysplastic nevus.
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PMID:[Dysplastic nevus]. 152 2

In an attempt to improve bifunctional chelate labelling of Mab, we investigated the use of a polyamino acid backbone for multiple DTPA substitutions. Poly-L-lysine (PL) (3.8 Kd, n = 25) was partially acetylated with MADTPA to yield 11 moles of DPTA per mole of PL. The average numbers of DTPA on PL were directly quantified with MADTPA-C-14. The remaining epsilon amino groups on PL-DTPA (I) were measured with TNBS reagent. A selective maleimide derivatization of (I) with S-SMPB yielded (II), which contains 2.3 moles of maleimide groups per mole of (I). The sulfhydryl activation of Mab-TP41.2F(ab')2 with 2-Iminothiolane hydrochloride produced (III), containing 1.3 moles of sulfhydryl groups per mole of Mab. Compounds (II) and (III) were combined to form a single thioether-spaced chain linkage of Mab-PL-DTPA (IV), which was subsequently chelated with 111In to yield (V), which was the compound of interest. Indium-111-PL-DTPA (VI) and 111In-DTPA-MabTP41.2F(ab')2 (VII) also were prepared for control studies. Direct cell binding assay revealed the mean immunoreactivity of (V) to be 79.4% and that of (VII) to be 39.5%. In a biodistribution study on melanoma tumor-bearing athymic mice at 4, 24, and 48 hr postinjection, the tumor/blood and tumor/liver ratios at 48 hr were 11.6 and 1.2 for (V), compared to 3.7 and 0.13, respectively, with (VII). Thus, the PL configuration for radiolabeled antibodies seems to result in decreased hepatic accumulation and retained tumor activity. The findings suggest that further studies of this new compound are warranted.
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PMID:Reduced hepatic accumulation of radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies with indium-111-thioether-poly-L-lysine-DTPA-monoclonal antibody-TP41.2F(ab')2. 155 42

An infant had a giant congenital nevus, neurocutaneous melanosis (NCM), and a Dandy-Walker malformation of the brain. The diagnosis of NCM was suspected at 6 weeks of age when macrocephaly was noted, resulting in the discovery of hydrocephalus and a Dandy-Walker malformation. Serial magnetic resonance imaging scans demonstrated so-called T1 shortening in the pia or subarachnoid spaces surrounding the cerebellar vermis and in the temporal lobes anterior to the temporal horns. Eventually, a biopsy-proved melanoma developed in the anterior temporal lobe, in an area previously noted to have T1 shortening. Since meningeal cells have been shown experimentally to play a critical role in cerebellar development, we hypothesize that the association of NCM with a Dandy-Walker malformation may be due to meningeal melanosis disrupting the normal development of the cerebellum and fourth ventricle.
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PMID:Neurocutaneous melanosis in association with the Dandy-Walker complex. 157 74

Melanoma is a malignant skin tumour. If detected and surgically removed early whilst residing in the superficial part of the skin the prognosis is excellent. A seven-point check-list of signs and symptoms has been adopted by the Cancer Research Campaign to help non-dermatologists distinguish benign pigmented lesions from melanoma. The presence of irregularity in shape or outline of a mole is one of these important signs. However, it has recently been shown that not only patients, but also clinicians have difficulty in agreeing upon whether a mole exhibits irregularity or not. Computer image analysis methods have been developed to derive quantitative measures of those shape parameters which dermatologists appear to use in their assessment of shape irregularity. The overall shape of the lesion is expressed by the 'bulkiness' measure. Irregularity of the border is expressed by two fractal dimension measures, one for the 'structural' aspect of the shape and the other for the 'textural' aspect. These measures were used in combination to classify melanomas in the study containing silhouettes of 43 melanomas and 45 benign lesions producing correct classification with 91% sensitivity and 69% specificity. This paper describes computer image analysis aspects of the study.
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PMID:Shape analysis for classification of malignant melanoma. 158 80

Balloon cell malignant melanoma (BCMM) is a rare histologic variant of malignant melanoma (MM). Thirty-four patients with BCMM from the files of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP) were studied by means of clinicopathologic correlation and histochemical, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural methods to better define this entity. The cytoplasmic features of the balloon cells observed in BCMM resemble those noticed in balloon cell nevus (BCN), but the presence of nuclear pleomorphism, atypia, and mitoses and the absence of intervening stroma help distinguish BCMM. The cells also show many histochemical, immunochemical, and ultrastructural features of conventional melanoma cells. Although it is generally believed that balloon melanoma cells represent a degenerative change, the immunohistochemical and electron microscopic findings suggest that the balloon tumor cells are most likely metabolically active melanocytic cells. Microscopically, BCMM also must be differentiated from other clear cell tumors such as clear cell sarcoma (MM of soft parts), hibernoma, xanthoma, sebaceous neoplasms, metastatic renal cell carcinoma, (malignant) clear cell acrospiroma, (malignant) granular cell tumor, granular (clear) cell basal cell carcinoma, clear cell syringoma, and atypical fibroxanthoma. The prognosis of BCMM usually correlates with the tumor thickness similar to that in other histologic types of cutaneous MM. Nineteen (57.5%) of 33 patients with adequate follow-up information died of disseminated tumors from 2 months to 12 years after the initial treatment. Six (18.2%) patients developed local recurrences: four of these patients died of metastasis and two were alive with metastatic tumor at last contact. Five (15.2%) patients were alive with metastatic tumors, and seven (21.2%) were alive without evidence of disease at last contact. Recognition of BCMM is important because of its malignant biologic behavior.
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PMID:Balloon cell malignant melanoma of the skin. A clinicopathologic study of 34 cases with histochemical, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural observations. 159 88

The association between melanoma and giant congenital nevocellular nevus has been well documented, although controversy still exists regarding the precise incidence. The following patient report illustrates the excision of malignant melanoma arising from a giant congenital nevocellular nevus in a 4-month-old infant. The child had malignant melanoma with deep dermal involvement diagnosed by incisional biopsy with positive margins. She underwent subsequent en bloc resection of the original biopsy site and nevus. The reexcision specimen showed no evidence of malignancy. No adjuvant chemotherapy was used. The child is disease free at 5 years. It is possible that very young children (infants) with melanoma arising in a giant congenital nevocellular nevus may have a good prognosis.
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PMID:Malignant melanoma with evidence of maturation arising from a giant congenital nevocellular nevus. 159 74

Pigmented vulvar lesions, including diffuse hyperpigmentation, are present in 10% to 12% of white women. About 2% of them are nevocellular nevi. In general, nevi on the vulva are identical by morphologic and histopathologic criteria to nevi elsewhere on the body, with the exception of a small subset of nevi in younger women. Nevi in this subset have the unusual features of enlarged junctional nests that are variable in size, shape, and position. The long-term biologic behavior of these nevi has not been determined. Other benign pigmented lesions include lentigines, melanosis, postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, seborrheic keratoses, and warts. Malignant pigmented lesions include some cases of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia and melanoma. Melanoma of the vulva has a poorer prognosis overall than melanoma on the torso, apparently because of the extent of the disease at the time of diagnosis. Therefore, improving mortality rates depends to some extent on earlier diagnosis. Management of female patients includes careful inspection of the vulva with each full-skin or gynecologic examination, followed by biopsy of any suspicious lesion. The need for excision of benign nevocellular and melanocytic lesions is dependent on the histopathology. Because there are no long-term prospective studies of vulvar melanosis and the group of unusual vulvar nevi, treatment must be individualized.
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PMID:Pigmented lesions of the vulva. 160 65

The diagnosis and management of a 3-day-old infant with an exophytic pigmented growth on her back and chest are discussed. At 3 days of age, the child underwent a complete surgical excision of this lesion with immediate coverage by partial-thickness skin grafts. Pathologically, the lesion proved to be a thoracolumbar congenital melanocytic nevus with multiple focal areas of malignant melanoma. The child is now 3 years past surgery and shows no evidence of recurrence or distant metastases. The importance of this case lies in the presence of overt malignant melanoma at birth within a giant congenital nevocytic nevus.
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PMID:Congenital malignant melanoma. 161 92


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