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Query: UMLS:C0025202 (melanoma)
 69,561 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of unilateral nevus of Ota was associated with ipsilateral ocular melanocytosis and contralateral malignant melanoma of the CNS. The malignant neoplasm may have arisen from an area of bilateral leptomeningeal melanosis associated with unilateral nevus of Ota.
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PMID:Nevus of Ota with contralateral cerebral melanoma. 91 Dec 55

A large number of factors have been identified which seem to predispose an individual to develop melanoma. Black-skinned individuals rarely have malanomas, but this variety of tumors is common in red-haired or blond subjects. The incidence of melanoma is particularly high if such fair-skinned subjects are exposed for long perods of time to intense sunlight. Nevi, congenital or acquired, can degenerate into melanomas. In some families, many of the family members develop multiple nevi that are unusually large and red in color. All of these appear to degenerate into melanomas with time. Nature has provided other examples of genetic factors which induce melanomas, i.e., the melanomas which form in the platyfish and Sinclair miniature swine.
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PMID:On the causes of melanomas. 92 Jul 79

From 1969-1974 1000 unselected enucleated globes have been examined histopathologically. 277 derive from the University Eye Hospital in Hamburg, 723 from various Eye Hospitals in northern and southern Germany. They originate from 589 men and 408 women, three times the sex was unknown. 86 globes had to be removed from children less than 15 years old. 6 groups of etiologies have been distinguished: trauma (308), histologically confirmed neoplastic disease (281), ocular manifestations of systemic diseases (diabetes mellitus, occlusions of central retinal vessels presumably following generalized vascular disease etc.: 128), "operative ocular disease" (164), primary inflammatory disease (71), miscellaneous (malformations, high myopia, pseudo-glioma and pseudo-melanoma: 48). The etiology "operative ocular disease" consists of 67 primary glaucomas (57 adults, 10 buphthalmus), 41 idiopathic cataracts (7 of these congenital) and 3 primary corneal dystrophies, as well as 53 cases of primary retinal detachment. Among the 281 neoplastic diseases, there are 238 primary intraocular malignant melanomas of the uvea, 18 retinoblastomas, 4 primary reticulumcellsarcomas of the retina, 2 choroidal nevi, 10 intraocular metastases and 9 orbital tumors. 16 enucleations among the 1000 enucleations have been performed for pseudo-gliomas (5 x Coats disease, 5 x persistent primary hyperplastic vitreous, 2 x retrolental fibroplasia, others 4 x). The manifestations of systemic disease are consisting of 68 central retinal vein-occlusions, 30 complications of diabetes mellitus and 10 central retinal artery occlusions as well as 20 other generalized diseases. A primary inflammatory disease led to enucleation 50 times due to an intraocular process, 5 times due to scleritis and 18 times as a consequence of keratitis (including 13 times herpes simplex). As the final clinical cause for enucleation the following categories have been elaborated: secondary glaucomas (416), clinical diagnosis of "tumor" (275), atrophy and phthisis bulbi (118), inflammation (112), acute trauma to 4 weeks after the accident (72), others (7). In conclusion the central role of rubeosis iridis leading to secondary angle closure glaucoma is emphasized. This process presents a challenge to ophthalmologic research. Finally the significance of early surgery for primary angle closure glaucomas and for complete restoration of the anterior chamber after trauma and any intraocular procedure is stressed.
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PMID:[Etiology and final clinical cause for 1000 enucleations. (A clinico-pathologic study) (author's transl)]. 95 59

Two women, during pregnancy, suddenly developed changes in the pigmented skin nevus (melanoma) which they had had since their childhood. Both patients were surgically treated; the diagnosis was malignant melanoma. One of the patients, 12 years after the operation, is alive and well, and so is her child. In the other patient, 6 months after operation, there was a relapse and regional metastases. She gave birth to a healthy child.
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PMID:[Malignant melanoma of the skin and pregnancy]. 102 29

Previous studies have demonstrated a specific cytoplasmic fluorescence in human melanocytes, as well as in pigmented nevi and in malignant melanomas, when the formaldehyde histofluorescence method for visualization of certain catechol and indole derivatives was used. In malignant melanoma two fluorogenic substances, dopa and cysteinyldopa, were found previously. In human melanocytes and benign nevi cells the fluorogenic catechols have so far not been characterized, since chemical analyses are difficult to perform on skin, due to the small amounts of catechols present. However, using split thickness skin quantitative determinations are possible by sensitive fluorometric methods. The chemical analyses of cysteinyldopa showed that in human adult skin most or all was located in the superficial layers. The only specific fluorescence in the thin skin was found in dendritic melanocytes. The findings leave little doubt that cysteinyldopa is stored in melanocytes although the possibility of a concomitant occurrence of other thioethers is not excluded. Nevi and giant nevi were also similarly studied and we found considerable amounts of cysteinyldopa in the nevi. It seems as if the cysteinyldopa is stored in the fluorescent nevi cells. There was no consistent difference in the content of the catechol derivatives between intradermal and compound nevi.
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PMID:On the occurrence of cysteinyldopa and dopa in melanocytes and benign nevi cells. 105 47

Pigmented nevi are uncommon in the oral cavity in comparison to their frequency on the skin. The junctional variety is extremely rare; it accounts for approximately 4% of reported intraoral nevi. Another case of intraoral junctional nevus is added to the literature. A review and a discussion of cellular nevi are presented and the realtionship of junctional nevi to malignant melanoma is considered. Regardless of the appearance of the lesion, wide surgical excision is recommended for all pigmented lesions within the oral cavity.
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PMID:Intraoral junctional nevus: review of the literature and report of case. 105 99

A case is presented of a 55-year-old Caucasian male whose right eye was enucleated for a mixed spindle-A and spindle-B malignant melanoma in 1967. The ophthalmoscopic picture, fluorescein angiography, and overlying peculiar orange pigmentation were suggestive of a malignant lesion. Study of serial sections of the entire lesion made possible the histologic reconstruction of the lesion, clinicopathologic correlation of the yellow-orange pigment, and the location of the nevus and mixed spindle-cell melanoma components.
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PMID:Malignant melanoma arising in a choroidal magnacellular nevus (melanocytoma). 107 32

Microcytotoxicity assays of patients with malignant melanoma and halo nevi were performed. No good correlation could be found between percent cell inhibition and histopathological level of melanoma or the clinical staging. The percent cell inhibition was usually an index of response to vaccinia virus immunotherapy. Actively regressing halo nevi showed high levels of percent cell inhibition, whereas inactive halo nevi had low levels of percent cell inhibition and blocking factor. Immunologic reactivity to melanoma cells may be a common feature of melanoma and halo nevus.
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PMID:Microcytotoxicity and serum blocking factors in malignant melanoma and halo nevus. 109 59

Malignant melanomas may develop from naevoblasts by way of the junctional naevus; from melanoblasts by way of melanocytes or by way of melanosis circumscripta praeblastomatosa. It is reasonably certain that there is no direct malignant degeneration of a naevus-cell-naevus as a result of acute or chronic irritation, but most authors reject sample excision nevertheless. Malignant melanomas from naevoblasts are relatively insensitive to radiation and dangerous, whereas those developing from melanoblasts are relatively sensitive to radiation and grow slowly. Melanomas which have developed on an unchanged skin are critical because they metastasize fast and take a rapid course. 29% of 237 stage-I patients out of a total of 680 developed metastases during the first year following surgery and irradiation, and 14% after 2-9 years. Radical removal of lymph nodes results in congestion combined with oedema, and involves the risk of melanoma cells being carried into the perilymphatic tissue. Early irradiation of regions involving metastatic risk seems to be preferable over idssection of lymph nodes. Experience has shown that surgery preceded and followed by radiotherapy, and additional surgical or radiological treatment of regional lymph-nodes should be recommended at this time. Evidence concerning the effects of endolymphatic, cytostatic, and immunotherapy is as yet incomplete. The five-year survival rate in state I is said to be 71% following surgery, up to 80% following irradiation and subsequent surgery, up to 78% following surgery and subsequent radiotherapy, and up to 72% following radiotherapy alone. Survival rates are about 14% higher following surgery and electron irradiation.
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PMID:[Indications for and results of percutaneous radiotherapy of malignant melanoma]. 112 49

Further finestructural characteristics of melanosomes in pigmented nevi and melanomas are described. The differences in the calcium, iron and surphur content of melanosomes derived from melanocytes, nevocytes and malignant melanoma cells are pointed out.
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PMID:Fine structure and x-ray microanalysis of melanosomes in pigmented nevi and melanomas. 116 39


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