Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0025202 (melanoma)
 69,561 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Malignant neoplasms of the mucosa and minor salivary glands of the paranasal sinuses may involve the skin by direct extension. When a tumor appears on the overlying skin, these sinuses should be considered as a possible site of origin. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the paranasal sinuses arise from minor salivary glands. They can infiltrate overlying skin and easily be confused with a primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma. Malignant melanomas of the paranasal sinuses are clinically very aggressive. They are often amelanotic, and this may lead to an incorrect histopathologic diagnosis. Hence, physical and radiological examination of the nose, mouth, and paranasal sinuses should be performed whenever a tumor appears in the overlying skin that does not have a clear cutaneous origin or whenever the primary site of a metastatic malignant melanoma is unknown.
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PMID:Malignant neoplasms of the paranasal sinuses involving the skin. 21 43

Three human malignant melanomas were cultured in pure populations and one tumor was cloned into melanotic and amelanotic cell lines. In the homogenates of these cultured cells, specific collagenase activities were demonstrated by isotope release from 14C-labeled collagen, disc electrophoresis, and specific cleavage of collagen molecules as demonstrated in the segment long spacing form. No significant collagenase activity was observed in the culture media. Interestingly, early cultures had a high collagenase activity in the cells and as they were successively subcultured, the activity diminished. Cysteine completely inhibited the degradation of tropocollagen as determined by disc electrophoresis and EDTA partially inhibited the degradation. It is concluded that human malignant melanoma cells produce a specific collagenase in vitro which can be extracted in early culture directly from the homogenate.
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PMID:Collagenolytic activities of cultured human malignant melanoma cells. 21 92

In human tumor tissues of different degrees of differentiation--nevus-cell-nevus, basalioma, malign melanoma--the cAMP and cGMP content was determined and compared with the corresponding normal values. It is demonstrated that the quotient of the cAMP to the cGMP values is of importance rather than the latter values for themselves. For the benign tumor, this quotient differs only slightly from that of the adjacent normal, sound tissue. On the other hand, for the two malign tumors a drastic decrease of the quotient as compared to that of the normal tissue was found to occur.
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PMID:[Ratio of cyclo-3':5'-adenosinemonophosphate to cyclo-3':5'-guanosine-monophosphate in human tumor tissue]. 21 50

Cancer chemotherapy was purely palliative until the early sixties. Tumor cures have been since obtained, first in malignant trophoblastoma and Burkitt's lymphoma, and more recently in Hodgkin's disease, diffuse histiocytic lymphoma, acute lymphocytic leukemia in children, Wilms's tumor and osteosarcoma. Preliminary data are suggestive of tumor cures in testicular teratomas and, possibly, in small cell carcinoma of the lung. Five patients with trophoblastoma, Hodgkin's disease, melanoma, chronic myelocytic leukemia and anaplastic carcinoma of the lung are briefly presented, all without evidence of tumor relapse 3 years or more after chemotherapy. Theoretical bases for improvement of the curative effect of cancer chemotherapy are discussed, including the development of new agents, and new pharmacological problems concerning drug interactions, complexes of drugs with macromolecules or immunoglobulins and liposomes are considered.
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PMID:[Curability of malignant neoplasms: value and limitations of chemotherapy]. 21 68

Lipid-bound sialic acid in the murine melanoma cell is not totally inaccessible to an exogenous macromolecular probe, as formerly believed. Roughly 30% of the dialic acid bound to lipid, and an equal proportion of the sialic acid bound to protein is cleaved by the action of Clostridium perfringens N-acetylneuraminate glycohydrolase (neuraminidase, sialidase) when the purified enzyme is added to the suspenion medium of intact murine melanoma cells freshly derived from the tumor. Cleavage of lipid-bound sialic acid is indifferent to the presence of Ca (2+) in the medium. However, maximum release from protein requires a physiological concentration of this divalent cation. Variation in ionic strength has no effect on release of sialic acid. These findings show that restricted portion of the bound sialic acid may be released from the intact murine melanama cell by the extracellularly supplied enzyme acting topographically.
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PMID:Accessibility of sialo components in a murine tumor cell to extracellular N-acetylneuraminate glycohydrolase (sialidase). 22 20

Under study was the hypophysis influence on the growth of human melanoma explants, cultivated in the abdominal cavity of mice and rats. The heterotransplants growth was compared in intact and hypophysectomized animals exposed to ACTH, and also the effect of the murine hypophysis explanted into the adjacent chamber compartments on the melanoma explants growth was investigated. The growth was assessed by a square area of the explants growth zones. ACTH and the hypophysis explanted were found to render a stimulating effect on the growth of tumor heterotransplants. Hypophysectomy in rats would suppress the growth of all melanoma explants under investigation. When injecting ACTH into hypophysectomized animals the growth of melanoma heterotransplants in the chambers does not differ from that in control series.
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PMID:[Effect of hypophysectomy, hypophyseal explants and ACTH on the growth of human melanomas in diffusion chambers]. 22 25

Sera of patients with various malignancies are known to contain DNA-binding proteins (DBP) which are not present in sera of normal individuals. In this paper sera of patients with malignant melanoma (MM) were examined as to whether characteristic DBP are present, too. DBP are isolated by DNA-affinity chromatography and represent 0.5-0.9% of all serum proteins. After separation of the DBP by SDS slab gel electrophoresis no typical DBP is detectable in sera of MM-patients. However, quantitative differences are found in sera of patients in the clinical stages I-III and/or tumor level 3-5: 1. All 9 sera of patients who had clinical signs of MM contain more DBP with molecular weight (mw) of 20,000-24,000 dalton than control sera. However, these DBP are only increased in 30% of the 22 sera from MM-patients who had clinical signs for 13-73 months after tumor excision. 2. All sera of the 10 MM-patients of whom sera were drawn twice after tumor excision at an interval of 7-46 months without clinical signs, showed a reduction of DBP with mw 30,000, 68,000, and 165,000.
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PMID:DNA-binding proteins in the sera of patients with malignant melanoma. 22 3

Fourteen continuous human cell lines, including nine derived from tumors and five from non-neoplastic tissues, produced interferon in response to induction with bluetongue virus (BTV), Newcastle disease virus (NDV), and poly(I) . poly(C) complexed with DEAE-dextran. The seven best interferon-producing cell lines (one from a melanoma, five derived from carcinomas, and one SV40-virus-transformed kidney cell line) responded to at least one of the viral inducers with yields of interferon over 1000 units/ml. Because the HT-1376 bladder carcinoma cell line produced high yields of interferon in this survey, and is easily propagated, the optimal conditions for interferon production were investigated, using BTV as the inducer. Interferon yields in 59 inductions over a period of about two years consistently fell within a 6-fold range, and had a geometric mean titer of about 2700 reference units (RU)/ml, representing the production of about 3 RU/10(3) cells. This yield is comparable to mean titers of 1 to 10 RU/10(3) cells obtained by others with human leukocytes, foreskin cell strains, or the Namalva lymphoblastoid cell line. UV-inactivated BTV at a multiplicity corresponding to 10 PFU/cell was as effective an inducer in the HT-1376 cell line as the fully infectious virus at a multiplicity of 1 PFU/cell. The interferon produced by the HT-1376 epithelial cell line has characteristics similar to the interferon induced by poly(I) . poly(C) in human diploid fibroblasts. These studies clearly demonstrate that many different types of tumor-derived cells have the capacity to produce interferon, and that some equal or surpass the efficiency of diploid cells.
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PMID:Production of interferon by human tumor cell lines. 22 5

Twelve cases of uveal malignant melanoma, including the principal histologic types of this neoplasm according to Callender, were studied with the electron microscope. Nuclear inclusions were observed in each case, more frequently in epithelioid cells: they were probably correlated with nuclear hyperactivity. Melanogenesis in neoplastic cells was sometimes abnormal because of the granular structure of the premelanosomes, of the difference in size and in shape melanosomes, of the difference in size and in shape of the pigment granules and of the different stage of evolution of the premelanosomes in the cell. The size and the degree of reticulation of nucleoli and the number of free ribosomes and mitochondria increased from spindle A, to spindle B and epithelioid cells. This behaviour probably depends on an increasing metabolic activity which is related to the increasing degree of malignancy.
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PMID:[Study of uveal malignant melanoma with the electron microscope (author's transl)]. 23 Feb 15

Changes in the concentration of cyclic AMP as well as cyclic GMP were measured in different murine tumors and in human tumors of varying malignancy. The quotient of cAMP and cGMP seems to be an important parameter for the molecular-biological derangement. Because of the recently much discussed importance of cAMP and cGMP in the immune defence the changes in the concentration of both nucleotides were measured in the T-lymphocytes of tumor patients. Significant changes occurred in patients with malignant melanoma. Investigations of the stimulatibility of the cAMP and cGMP levels revealed a diminished activatibility of the cAMP level and a higher stimulatibility of the cGMP level in the T-lymphocytes of patients with malignant melanoma as compared with those of the controls. On the basis of the working hypothesis that there is a causal relationship between the deranged dualism of cAMP and cGMP in the T-lymphocytes and the failure of the immunological tumor cell defence, an increase in the cAMP level is offered as a possible therapy. Therapeutic results in tumor-bearing mice and first results in melanoma patients are discussed.
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PMID:[Cyclic nucleotide concentration changes in different tumors and therapeutic success through increasing the cAMP level]. 23 Apr 37


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