Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0025202 (melanoma)
 69,561 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Oncofetal antigen (OFA) has been defined with the use of human natural antibodies as a membrane antigen of human cancer cells that cross-reacts with human fetal brain tissues. The immunogen that elicits the antibody is unknown. The present study was undertaken to examine the immunogenicity of the OFA found on tumor cells. Postoperative melanoma patients were immunized with OFA-positive melanoma cells. Anti-OFA reactivities in the immunized sera were titrated by the immune adherence assay with the use of a known OFA-positive cultured melanoma cell line, M14, as target cell. Alloantibodies were excluded by absorption with lymphoblastoid cells autologous to M14. Anti-OFA antibody then was identified by absorption with fetal brain. In 6 months of immunization, 19 of 23 patients produced increased anti-OFA antibodies. The peak titers ranged from 1:16 to 1:2,048. Sera from 18 patients who were not immunized also were tested for 6 months postoperatively, and none had significant increases in antibody titers. The increase of anti-OFA antibody titer in response to the immunization with OFA-positive tumor cells suggests the immunogenic capability of tumor-related OFA in man.
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PMID:Oncofetal antigen: a tumor-associated fetal antigen immunogenic in man. 8 39

Nine established human melanoma tissue-cultured cell lines heterotransplanted in C57BL/6 "nude" mice were exposed to each of 4 chemotherapeutic agents of known clinical activity against human melanoma. Two of the therapeutic agents, 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) and 5-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazino) imidazole-4-carboxamide (DTIC), are known to be active against human melanoma; the other two, adriamycin and 5-azacytidine, are known to be inactive. Sterile saline served as a control agent. In 2 cell line heterotransplants, the control tumor spontaneously regressed. Of the 7 cell lines that remained for evaluation, 4 were sensitive to DTIC, 1 was sensitive to BCNU, and none was sensitive to adriamycin or 5-azacytidine. These data indicate that the nude mouse-human tumor model may be a predictive secondary screen for cancer chemotherapeutic agents.
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PMID:Evaluation of a "nude" mouse-human tumor panel as a predictive secondary screen for cancer chemotherapeutic agents. 9 97

Effect of the additional treatment with coenzyme Q10 on immunorestoration with Mycobacterium bovis BCG in tumor-bearing mice was investigated. Cell-mediated cytotoxicity in tumor-bearing mice against alloantigenic tumor cells was determined by 51Cr release assay using spleen cells of C57BL/6N mice which had been inoculated subcutaneously with syngeneic melanoma-B16 and immunized intraperitoneally with alloantigenic mastocytoma P815-X2 cells. The cell-mediated cytotoxicity against mastocytoma P815-X2 cells was gradually depressed with the growth of melanoma-B16. The depressed, cell-mediated cytotoxicity in tumor-bearing mice recovered slightly by the treatment with BCG. The recovery effect of BCG on the depressed, cell-mediated cytotoxicity was significantly enhanced by the additional treatment with coenzyme Q10. Coenzyme Q10 did not have an apparent effect on the depressed, cell-mediated cytotoxicity in tumor-bearing mice. These results show that coenzyme Q10 enhances the immunorestoration with BCG in tumor-bearing mice.
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PMID:Enhancing effect of coenzyme, Q10 on immunorestoration with Mycobacterium bovis BCG in tumor-bearing mice. 10 14

A 60-year-old white woman with generalized neurofibromatosis and multiple melanocytic hamartomas of the iris developed an unusual choroidal mass, with secondary sensory retinal separation in the left eye. Ophthalmoscopically the tumor had a peculiar donut configuration that was caused by a large focus of central necrosis within a spindle B melanoma.
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PMID:Malignant melanoma of the choroid in neurofibromatosis. 10 2

The effects of energy deprivation and low or high dietary protein levels upon lymphocyte transformation of spleen cells from syngeneic tumor-bearing and control mice were studied in a murine model of malignant melanoma. Both T- and B-lymphocyte transformation were significantly stimulated by the presence of a growing melanoma. T-cell responses however, were dependent only upon dietary protein concentrations, not the level of energy intake; whereas, the converse was true for B cells. Moreover, mice fed stock diet had the lowest response to mitogens of all diets tested. Except for mice receiving a 15% casein diet, tumor weights were generally not affected by level of intake or the amount of dietary protein. Others have demonstrated that melanoma cells have a greater need for tyrosine or phenylalanine than other tumor cells; thus we hypothesized that lymphocyte transformation may be depressed by relatively low phenylalanine or tyrosine levels in the diet when protein intakes are limited by either a low dietary concentration a restricted intake of a diet containing adequate protein, or both.
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PMID:The influence of dietary protein concentration and energy intake on mitogen response and tumor growth in melanoma-bearing mice. 10 97

The tRNA present in swine melanoma tumor tissue and normal gray skin tissue were compared by aminoacylation of the unfractionated tRNA preparations. Of the seventeen amino acids studied, seven showed differences in rate of acceptance to tRNAs from normal and tumor tissues; the tRNAs of two amino acids, tyrosine and glycine, showed dramatic three fold increases in melanoma tumor. As melanin biosynthesis proceeds from tyrosine oxidation the investigations focused on the increase in tyrosine tRNA. Kinetic analysis of tyrosine aminoacylation to normal and melanoma tRNAs revealed no differences. Analysis of the isoaccepting species of tRNATyr from normal skin and melanoma tumor tissues identified three isoacceptors; tRNATyr, represented the predominant species in normal gray skin, while tRNA2Tyr predominated in melanoma tumor tissue. The tyrosine acceptances by tRNAs from three human melanoma cell lines were analyzed and found to be variable, but isoaccepting species analysis of the tRNATyr of these three cell lines still showed a correlation between the preponderance of tRNA2Tyr and extent of tyrosine acceptance. Additionally the enzymatic activity for the oxidation of tyrosine was found to be related to tyrosine acceptance and tRNA2Tyr predominance..
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PMID:Transfer RNATyr of melanoma tissues and cells: relevance to melanin synthesis? 11 Dec 27

The 45-year history of research in cancer therapy involving ultrasound may be divided into the four periods of initiation, enthusiasm, pessimism and revival. There have been three approaches to the subject: studies have sought to measure the effects on tumors of a) ultrasound alone; b) ultrasound in combination with radiotherapy, and c) ultrasound in combination with chemotherapy. With the first approach the results have varied. In some cases, decreased growth rates or regressions of tumors have been reported; in other cases, either no effect has been observed or growth has been increased. With the second approach, for some tumors, combined treatment has produced greater effects on tumors than has x-ray alone, whereas in other tumors the addition of ultrasound has produced no change. With the third approach, enhancement of the effects of drugs has been observed in melanoma and mouse tumor cells treated with ultrasound and several anticancer drugs. The mechanism of action in most (but not all) cases has appeared to be absorption heating. The potential of ultrasound to provide local tumor control and to enhance other therapy modes has motivated the current efforts by several groups to further study and understand it actions on malignancies.
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PMID:Cancer therapy with ultrasound: a historical review. 11 18

Lentigo maligna melanoma is a malignant melanoma with a recognizable clinical pattern. It is a slow-growing, pigmented tumor evolving from a premalignant lesion on the exposed cutaneous surface of an elderly patient. Histologically, it is marked by pleomorphism of melanocytes with evidence of invasion. A case is presented demonstrating the features of this malignant melanoma with an exceptionally good prognosis. The importance of the clinical and histologic correlation of emphasized to ensure proper diagnosis and treatment.
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PMID:Lentigo maligna melanoma. 11 40

Temporal changes in lymphocyte blastogenesis were studied using spleen cells from syngeneic melanoma-bearing and control mice fed various levels of purified diets containing 6, 10 or 30% casein. T-cell blastogenesis was stimulated by the presence of the tumor and these responses changed with the duration of feeding. In addition, protein concentration did not affect T-cell transformation but the level of energy intake influenced concanavalin A induced DNA synthesis. In contrast, the growing melanoma did not influence B-cell transformation whereas a very low level of dietary protein, a low level of energy intake and duration of the dietary manipulation influenced these cells. Tumor weights were generally not affected by the diet except in mice receiving a very low level of energy intake. Thus, we have found that B-cell responses were affected more than those of T-cells and that moderate protein deficiency did not enhance cellular immune responses in syngeneic tumor-bearing and control mice.
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PMID:Effects of low dietary protein concentration and energy deprivation on lymphocyte transformation in melanoma-bearing mice. 11 75

Bovine pineal polypeptide extract (PPE) exerted an anti-tumor effect on mouse-transplantable tumors: mammary cancer (RSM), squamous cell cervical carcinoma (SCC), hepatoma-22a and lympholeukemia LIO-1, and had no effect on Harding-Passey melanoma and leukemia L-1210. It was shown that PPE possessed the ability to decrease the incidence of DMBA-induced mammary adenocarcinomas in rats. The daily administration of 0.5 mg PPE prolonged the life span of rats by 25% and failed to influence spontaneous tumor development. The arguments in favor of a possible mechanism of anti-tumor action of the pineal gland are submitted. It is suggested that the anti-tumor effect of PPE may occur when the syndrome of cancrophilia is induced by tumor transplantation or chemical carcinogens.
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PMID:Study of the anti-tumor effect of polypeptide pineal extract. 11 14


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