Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0025202 (melanoma)
 69,561 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thirty (30) patients with advanced metastatic malignant melanoma refractory to DTIC (NSC-45388) and a nitrosourea were treated with 5-azacytidine (NSC-102816). 5-Azacytidine was administered subcutaneously at a dosage of 100 mg/m2/day for 10 days. Twenty-six (26) patients were evaluable for toxicity and response. Major organ toxicities were hematologic, gastrointestinal, and cutaneous; no antitumor activity was noted.
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PMID:Phase II study of subcutaneously administered 5-azacytidine (NSC-102816) in patients with metastatic malignant melanoma. 7 98

Immunofluorescence techniques failed to reveal evidence of anti-tumour antibody in the sera of patients with basal cell carcinima. Although the presence of such antibodies has previously been associated with the absence of metastasis in malignant melanoma, other explanations for the low metaststic potential of basal cell carcinoma should be sought.
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PMID:Failure to detect circulating IgG or IgM antibodies to basal cell carcinoma by immunofluorescence. 7 42

Previous reports have shown that the tyrosinase activities of melanosomes and soluble tyrosinase isolated from melanoma were diminished when these preparations were incubated with 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (dopa). It was concluded from these results that the tyrosinase activities of these preparations decreased when melanin was synthesized in these systems. The present investigation has revealed that melanin synthesized in vitro from dopa formed a complex with purified mushroom tyrosinase. The addition of melanin diminished the tyrosinase activity of the sample. These results show that the formation of the melanin-tyrosinase complex results in a decrease in the activity of the tyrosinase solution. The tyrosinase activity of the melanin-tyrosinase complex could not be increased by certain procedures which were previously found to enhance the tyrosinase activity of isolated melanosomes.
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PMID:Formation of melanin-tyrosinase complex and its possible significance as a model for control of melanin synthesis. 7 46

Melanoma-associated antigens (MAA) were isolated and their functional immunologic properties were evaluated. Spent fetal calf serum-free culture media and 3-m KCI extracts of cultured human melanoma cells grown in this medium were used as antigen sources. Ultracentrifugal flotation on KBr was used to separate MAA and HLA antigens present in the extracts or spent culture media; thus interference by histocompatibility antigens was prevented in subsequent tests of tumor antigenic activity. MAA purified in this manner retained their immunologic functions as evidenced by their ability to produce delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions in patients with melanoma, specifically combine with antimelanoma xenoantibody, and elicit production of functionally specific xenoantibody. Possible structural differences between HLA antigens and MAA were considered in evaluation of the data.
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PMID:Purification and immunologic evaluation of human melnoma-associated antigens. 7 78

The age-adjusted incidence-rate for malignant melanoma in the State of Connecticut has risen from 1.1 per 100 000 individuals in 1935 to 6.2 per 100 000 individuals in 1975. Superimposed on a steady rise in incidence are 3-5 year periods in which the rate of increase in incidence rises. These periods have a cycle of 8-11 years and follow times of maximum sunspot activity.
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PMID:Increased incidence of malignant melanoma after peaks of sunspot activity. 7 59

Crude membrane (CM) extracts from three different cultured human melanoma lines that were "virus-augmented" (infected with vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and subsequently inactivated by ultraviolet light) produced positive skin tests in 17 of 20 (85%), 11 of 20 (55%), and 13 of 18 (72%) tests, respectively, performed in 20 melanoma patients. Identical CM extracts from the same melanoma lines that had not been infected with VSV gave positive skin tests in 2 of 20 (10%), 4 of 20 (20%), and 2 of 18 (11%) tests, respectively, performed in the 20 melanoma patients, and no positive tests in the control patients. The 3 virus-augmented extracts were positive in only 2 of 18 (11%), 0 of 18 (0%), and 1 of 17 (6%) control subjects, respectively. The controls consisted of six normal volunteers and 12 patients with cancers other than melanoma. The "virus-augmented" CM extracts thus exhibited markedly greater sensitivity without significant loss of specificity as compared to nonvirus augmented extracts when used as tumor-specific melaonma skin test antigens.
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PMID:Melanoma skin test antigens of improved sensitivity prepared from vesicular stomatitis virus-infected tumor cells. 7 81

Twenty-nine patients with metastatic malignant melanoma were treated with cyclocytidine, 240 mg/m2/day sc for 10 days. All partients had received extensive prior chemotherapy. Only one patient achieved a partial remission; the overall response rate (complete plus partial) was 4%. Unusual toxic effects associated with cyclocytidine chemotherapy included the delayed onset of thrombocytopenia, orthostatic hypotension, and jaw pain.
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PMID:Cyclocytidine chemotherapy for malignant melanoma. 7 91

Free dopa and 5-S-cysteinyldopa were extracted from two human melanomas. Subsequent hydrolysis of carefully washed melanoma tissue released dopa and 5-S-cysteinyldopa, indication the presence of these catechol amino acids in proteins. Cysteinyldopa-containing proteins may represent the antigens previously demonstrated in human melanomas.
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PMID:Free and bound 5-S-cysteinyldopa and dopa in human malignant melanomas. 7 45

A retrospective review of a series of cases of malignant melanoma is reported. Two hundred and forty-six records of patients irradiated from 1958 to 1976 inclusive reveal a sex ratio of males to females of 1.59 to 1, with mean ages of 52.4 years and 54.4 years respectively. Three patients are lost to follow-up. Two hundred and twenty are deceased. Of 23 living, nine are diseased and 14 are well. Of 60 patients treated aggressively, 10 survived five years: one of 26 irradiated only; three of 11 irradiated before surgery; and six of 23 irradiated after surgery. Of 168 treated by radiotherapy for palliation of growth restraint, one died of disease after five years, and two are alive and well after 10 years! The primary site was treated in 20 cases, with three patients surviving five years. Secondary sites were treated in 226 cases, with 10 patients surviving five years.
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PMID:The radiotherapy of melanoma. 7 3

We fused spleen lymphocytes obtained from mice immunized against a human melanoma cell line and melanoma-mouse hybrid cells with the P3 X 63 Ag8 mouse myeloma in order to produce hybrids secreting antibodies against a human melanoma. Antibodies secreted by individual hybrids were tested for their reaction with a panel of human melanoma, colorectal carcinoma, and normal cells in an indirect radioimmunoassay, and they displayed different specificities and crossreactivities. Some reacted only with melanomas, whereas others crossreacted with normal human or human colorectal carcinoma cells. By analysis of competitive binding of mixtures of monoclonal antibodies, it was possible to delineate different epitopes on melanomas. Hybrids growing in nude mice and producing antimelanoma antibody suppressed growth of melanoma tumors.
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PMID:Study of antibodies against human melanoma produced by somatic cell hybrids. 8 12


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