Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0025202 (melanoma)
 69,561 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Compounds with known psychotropic properties were tested for activity in murine ip L1210 leukemia and B 16 melanoma in a protocol designed to obtain leads for new antitumor agents which might also possess central nervous system (CNS) antitumor properties. Barbiturates and hallucinogenic compounds were the only compound types deliberately excluded. Representatives from most of the other known CNS agent classes were included among the 297 psychotropic drugs evaluated. Sixteen of these agents were reproducibly active against the L1210 tumor system with T/C values of 125%. Phenothiazines such as fluphenazine and butyrophenones such as triperidol were prominent among the confirmed active structural types. Dopamine, a beta-phenethylamine neurotrasmitter, was active. While reproducible B16 melanoma activity was not observed among the psychotropic drugs, most of the L1210 confirmed active agents were effective against the ip P388 tumor model and also were active in vitro against KB cells. Ic L1210 activity was not observed among the few compounds chosen for testing in that tumor system. The yield of ip L1210 confirmed actives from this group of psychotropic agents was 18 times that which would have been expected from the random screening of compounds.
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PMID:Psychotropic drugs as potential antitumor agents: a selective screening study. 2 98

L-Tyrosine aminotransferase is present in a high speed supernatant fraction of skin homogenate of AKR/J albino and C57BL/6J black mice. The conversion of tyrosine to p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate was shown to be catalyzed by an aminotransferase by the following observations: the reaction was partially dependent on the presence of low concentrations of alpha-ketoglutarate; catalase was ineffective in increasing the yield of p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate; there was potent inhibition by typical inhibitors of pyridoxal phosphate enzymes and of rat liver tyrosine aminotransferase; there was no inhibition by inhibitors of L-amino acid oxidase; and there was no oxidation of L-leucine, the best substrate for rat kidney L-amino acid oxidase. The aminotransferase was stimulated by mercaptoethanol and was inhibited by high concentrations of alpha-ketoglutarate. The apparent Km for tyrosine was 5 X 10(-3) M and the molecular weight, determined by sucrose density gradient centrifugation, was 150-200,000. Dopa was also transaminated by the crude enzyme. No tyrosine aminotransferase could be detected in extracts of hamster melanoma.
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PMID:Tyrosine aminotransferase in AKR/J albino and C57BL/6J black mouse skin. 2 9

A primary melanoma of the small intestine is reported. A possible explanation of its origin according to the APUD cell concept is suggested. This concept may lessen the doubts and confusion whenever an intestinal melanoma is discovered and a primary tumor at one of the more common sites can reasonably be excluded.
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PMID:Primary malignant melanoma of the small intestine and the APUD cell concept. 2 68

Some years will have to pass, until there will be evidence, if application of leaser beam in surgery of Breastcancer, Melanomas or Basaliomas was justified and whether it is possible or not to interrupt or reduce intraoperative tumor cellspread. As an increasing number of surgeons have started to use laser rays in these illnesses, result of laser surgery and those of traditional methods could be compared in a couple of years. Possibly other indications will be outlined in general surgery for the use of laser beside those we have been working out. It may happen that surgeons working with laser beam might bring the method into discredit putting indication not rigorous enough. I should like to remind everybody who starts working with laser rays, to do so with greatest possible care. Collaboration with a technician is recommended. Periodic he should control the machine and handle arising technical problems.
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PMID:[Application of laser rays in surgery (author's transl)]. 3 Mar 26

Coenzyme fluorescence spectra of single living cells are due to free pyridine nucleotides (folded configuration), bound pyridine nucleotides (unfolded configuration) and a third component, possibly a mixture or flavins. Such spectra can be used to recognize possible differences in coenzyme composition between cell lines or changes of metabolic pathways due to chemicals acting at levels below or above cytotoxicity, by high resolution spectrofluorometry. A study of spectra recorded from cultured Ehrlich ascites (EL2), and Harding Passey melanoma cells (HPM-67 and HPM-73 line) grown under comparable conditions, shows that free NAD(P)H predominates in HPM-67 and EL2, while this coenzyme is bound in HPM-73. The free/bound ratio may be profoundly modifed by chemicals, e.g. in the HPM-73 increase of free and decrease of bound NAD(P)H occurred upon treatment with 10(-6) oligomycin. When atebrine at levels (10(-6) M) below cytotoxicity was added, there was a decrease of the free NAD(P)H spectrum possibly through energy transfer from NAD(P)H to atebrine. Consideration of long range energy transfer i.e., excitation of atebrine by fluorescence of NAD(P)H vs. short range transfer of excitation energy from free NAD(P)H to atebrine, favors the latter mechanism. A transient (reversible) increase in atebrine fluorescence is seen following intracellular microinjection of substrate (e.g. glucose-6-P) leading to an increase in free NAD(P)H. At cytotoxic levels of atebrine (e.g 2 x 10(-5) M) an irreversible increase of atebrine fluorescence is seen. The microspectrofluorometric technique appears therefore well suited to study physiological processes at the level of intracellular coenzymes, as well as possible processes of intermolecular energy transfer in the microenvironment.
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PMID:The effect of atebrine and an acridine analog (BCMA) on the coenzyme fluorescence spectra of cultured melanoma and Ehrlich ascites (EL2) cells. 3 Jul 39

Hybridization of cells of defined and different histotypes has been carried out to investigate whether the expression (or reexpression) of parental functions is mutually exclusive, as is expected if the generally assumed rule of discreteness of differentiation applies to hybrid cells. A cross of pigmented mouse melanoma cells and albumin-producing rat hepatoma cells gave rise to hybrids containing essentially one set of chromosomes from each parent and producing neither melanin nor albumin. Cells of one hybrid clone are shown to retain the potential to reexpress both parental differentiations. Successive subclonings of this hybrid have shown that cells which reexpress one function may retain the potential to reexpress the other, and that freshly isolated, morphologically homogeneous subclones may produce pigment or albumin, but not both; there successive and exclusive shifts of phenotype are documented, and in these cases, chromosome loss is very slight. The use of immunoadsorbed antisera has revealed that most (if not all) of the albumin produced by the hybrid cells is of the mouse type. We conclude that both parental determinations are retained by the hybrid cells, and that the parental differentiations are reexpressed only in a mutually exclusive fashion.
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PMID:Phenotypic exclusion in mouse melanoma-rat hepatoma hybrid cells: pigment and albumin production are not reexpressed simultaneously. 3 79

The catecholic amino acids, dopa, 2-S- and 5-S-cysteinyldopa, and 2,5-S,S-dicysteinyldopa were determined qualitatively in serum from patients with malignant melanoma by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, using electrochemical detection. In urine the catecholamines dopamine, noradrenaline and adrenaline were also determined qualitatively, as well as the above-mentioned compounds, in a single chromatographic run. The conditions were optimized by changing the pH of the mobile phase and by the addition of methanesulphonic acid. A comparison was made between the performance of four commercial reversed-phase packing materials containing chemically bonded octadecyl groups, using a standard mixture of catecholic amino acids. The influence of ionic strength, pH and amount of methanesulphonic acid on retention was investigated.
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PMID:Analysis of cysteinyldopas, dopa, dopamine, noradrenaline and adrenaline in serum and urine using high-performance liquid chromatography and electrochemical detection. 3 94

A graft-versus-host reaction (GVHR) was produced in adult F1 hybrid mice by the injection of 10(8) parental strain spleen cells and 8 days later they were challenged with allogeneic third-party tumor. BALB/c Leydig cell tumor (C4092), C57BL/6 sarcoma (30795), and DBA/1 melanoma (S91) often grew progressively in B6D1F1, CD1F1, B6CF1 or their reciprocal hybrid recipients, respectively, when GVHR had been induced in these animals. Control, without GVHR, hybrids always rejected the tumor. The C4092 tumor was serially transplantable in untreated hybrids after its initial passage in unrelated GVHR-treated mice; the S91 grew in its first passage into untreated B6CF1 mice but thereafter was rejected by these hybrids; while the B6 tumor 30795 grew progressively only in the initial GVHR-treated CD1F1 or reciprocal hybrids. Reduced immunogenicity of tumors resulting from passage in unrelated recipients immunosuppressed in association with a GVHR is comparable to allograft adaptation achieved by such techniques as organ culture pretreatment and presents an additional method for attenuating rejection of allotransplants.
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PMID:Tumor acceptance modified by passage in hybrids with graft-versus-host reaction. 3 18

Proteolytic activities were measured in extracts of human skin melanoma, lymphatic metastasis and in nonmalignant naevi by using various proteinase substrates as well as plasminogen activator assay. pH-optima for hydrolysis of various proteinase substrates by these tumors were found to be essentially the same as in healthy human skin. Melanoma extracts were found to especially readily hydrolyze N-alpha-benzoyl-DL-arginine beta-naphthylamine (BANA) at pH 5.8 in the presence of 1 mmol/l dithiothreitol and EDTA (cathepsin B1-like enzyme) as well as histones and p-tosyl-L-arginine methyl ester (TAME) at pH 7.5, and showed increased capacity to activate plasminogen when compared to nonmalignant naevus. The possible role of proteinases in malignant melanoma is discussed.
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PMID:Proteolytic enzymes and plasminogen activator in melanoma. 3 88

An enzyme activity, capable of attaching deoxynucleotides to single-stranded oligonucleotide primers, has been detected in extracts from cultured melanoma cells. The substrate preferences of this activity show it to be distinct from the calf thymus terminal transferase (EC 2.7.7.31).
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PMID:Terminal transferase-like activity in human melanoma cells. 4 9


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