Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0025202 (melanoma)
 69,561 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sera from cancer patients and healthy individuals, obtained from two independent sources, were examined for their abilities to react with herpes simplex virus-associated tumor antigens, AG-4 and NVA-TAA (nonvirion antigen-tumor-associated antigen). Both antigens were prepared by infection of HEp-2 cells with herpes simplex virus type 2, and all antigen-antibody interactions were measured by the micro-complement fixation test. Of sera from 16 patients with cancer of the uterine cervix, 81% (P less than 0.01) reacted with NVA-TAA, whereas 78% (P less than 0.001) of 18 sera examined reacted with AG-4. These values differed significantly from those for normal sera, of which 14% reacted with NVA-TAA and 13% with AG-4. Of sera for 8 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck or vulva, 75% (P less than 0.02) reacted with NVA-TAA, whereas 63% (P less than 0.05) reacted with AG-4. As a group, other cancers (including adenocarcinoma of lung, breast, ovary, and cervix; liposarcoma; sarcoma; melanoma; and carcinoma of the endometrium) did not differ significantly from controls in reactive patterns with AG-4 or NVA-TAA. These studies partly supported the reported preferential reactivity of AG-4 and NVA-TAA with sera of patients with squamous cell carcinoma, especially of the uterine cervix.
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PMID:Comparative diagnostic aspects of herpes simplex virus tumor-associated antigens. 18 98

Antigens isolated from herpes simplex virus type 1, herpes simplex virus type 2, or cytomegalovirus-transformed hamster cells were tested against 66 sera from non-cancer individuals or patients with different types of cancer. By use of the microcomplement fixation procedure to quantify all antigen-antibody interactions, it was observed that 94% (p less than 0.001) of all sera from patients with squamous cell carcinoma reacted with antigens from herpes simplex virus type 1-transformed cells, while 84% (p less than 0.001) of the same sera reacted with antigen preparations from herpes simplex virus type 2-transformed cells. When sera from patients with adenocarcinoma, sarcoma, liposarcoma, and melanoma were tested against these antigens, there was no significant difference in their reactivity from sera of noncancer patients. When sera from all individuals (normal and cancer) were tested against antigens from cytomegalovirus-transformed cells, no significant reaction pattern developed. These studies are the first to describe the isolation of a reactive tumor-associated protein from herpes simplex virus-transformed cells.
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PMID:Reaction of antigens isolated from herpes simplex virus-transformed cells with sera of squamous cell carcinoma patients. 18 20

Carcinoma of the anus represents about 2% of cancers of the large bowel. From 1950 to 1970, 20 patients were treated for this condition. Included were 113 patients with squamous cell carcinoma (31 perianal), 64 with basalid squamous carcinoma, 8 with Paget's disease of the anus, 7 with melanoma, 6 with basal cell carcinoma, and 6 with adenocarcinoma. Combined abdomino-perineal resection was the treatment of choice except for perianal lesions; for these, local excision was used most frequently. Inguinal node dissection was used infrequently, and it is not possible to draw meaningful conclusions from the data. Overall survival rates for patients having anal squamous cell carcinoma are similar except when lymphatic invasion is present; then basaloid lesions have a significantly better prognosis. For rare anal carcinomas, histopathologic findings dictate the end results-- the better the findings and more satisfactory the results.
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PMID:Carcinoma of the anus. 18 7

Activity of pyridoxal kinase (per 1 g of tissue or per 1 mg of protein) varied in the range from 7 to 39 un or from 0.079 to 0.4 un in human malignant neoplasm tissues (adenocarcinoma of various localization, squamatous cell carcinoma of lungs, skin melanoma). The direction of alterations in the pyridoxal kinase activity differed in various tumors studied as compared with the respective controls (unimpaired tissues used for growing malignant cells).
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PMID:[Pyridoxal kinase activity in human tumor tissues]. 20 94

Animals with established syngeneic tumor transplants were treated with glucan to study the therapeutic potential of this agent under well-defined experimental conditions. The tumors used were a guinea pig hepatoma, 2 murine fibrosarcomas, a murine melanoma, and a murine adenocarcinoma. All tumors were syngeneic to the host. Living BCG, administered directly into guinea pig tumors, cured all animals, whereas glucan, administered under the same conditions, had no significant antitumor activity. Neither BCG nor glucan, when administered iv, was active against the guinea pig hepatoma. An emulsion prepared with endotoxin, a fraction of mycobacteria related to cord factor, and mineral oil when administered intratumorally was also effective in treatment of line 10 tumor. A similar emulsion, in which glucan was substituted for endotoxin, was inactive, intralesional, ip, or iv administration of glucan was ineffective against the murine tumors. Previous reports of glucan-induced activity against a B16 murine melanoma were not confirmed. BCG was tested against the 2 murine fibrosarcomas and, when given either intratumorally or iv, was found to be effective against one of them.
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PMID:Glucan: attempts to demonstrate therapeutic activity against five syngeneic tumors in guinea pigs and mice. 20 19

One hundred sixty Mongolian gerbils, Meriones unguiculatus, were examined for the presence of naturally occurring lesions. The first recognized cases of cecal adenocarcinoma, testicular teratoma, and sebaceous gland pad carcinoma were found. Neoplasms previously reported from the gerbil and also seen in the present study included ovarian theca lutein and granulosa lutein cell tumors, sebaceous gland pad adenoma, cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma, and renal and splenic hemangiomas. Calcinosis cutis was also observed in two male gerbils.
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PMID:Further observations on spontaneous neoplasms in the Mongolian gerbil, Meriones unguiculatus. 21 Mar 28

An unusually high association of other primary cancers (9.7%) was found during the analysis of 403 consecutive cases of carcinoma of the lung diagnosed at DGMC between 1960 and 1975. Incidence by stage included 17.3% for Stage I (75 cases) and 16.9% for Stage II (59 cases). Median survival by stage was not adversely affected by the associated malignancy. Incidence by histologic type was 15.6% for adenocarcinoma (132 cases), 7.7% for epidermoid (130 cases), 1.5% for oat (small cell) (67 cases), 12.5% for large cell (40 cases) and 11.8% for undifferentiated anaplastic type (34 cases). Of 31 cases of Stage I adenocarcinoma, 9 (29%) had second malignancies. Both adenocarcinoma and epidermoid carcinoma exhibited decreasing association of second malignances with increasing stage of lung cancer. The head and neck region was the location of the nonlung malignancy in 22 cases and the GU system in 11 cases. Two cases each of colon carcinoma and basal cell skin carcinoma were found and there was one case each of carcinoma of the pancreas, lymphoma and melanoma. The diagnosis of lung cancer was made first in only 3 instances. The appearance of solitary nodules in patients with known malignancy should receive strong consideration for vigorous diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Future studies should consider carcinogenic stimuli that may be common etiologic factors in both malignancies.
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PMID:Lung cancer as a second primary. 21

The free radical 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-oxopiperidine-1-oxyl (TMPO) was injected i.p. in doses of 100 mg/kg bw into Syrian hamsters: untreated, partially hepatectomized and grafted with transplantable tumours as well as into mice with B16 melanotic melanoma or with an adenocarcinoma. One hour after application of the compound its content was determined spectrometrically in livers, kidneys, lungs and all tumours. The characteristic triplet signal of TMPO was registered in the hamster and mouse melanotic melanomas but not in all other animal tissues and tumours. This may be the result of an enzyme defect in the melanotic melanoma cells or of a retention of TMPO by melanin. It was also found that TMPO is metabolized predominantly in the livers of the animals.
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PMID:Distribution of 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-oxopiperidine-1-oxyl free radical in normal and neoplastic animal tissues. 23 4

Yeast phenylalanine ammonia-lyase was administered i.p. to normal and tumor-bearing mice, and its clearance from plasma was studied. Single and multiple weekly injections at dosages of 10,20,50 and 100 units/kg were administered to C57BL female, C57BL X DBA/2F1 male, and A/J female mice. L5178Y murine lymphoblastic leukemia, B16 melanoma, BW10232 adenocarcinoma, and 15091A anaplastic carcinoma were implanted 7 to 11 days prior to enzyme injection in the appropriate host. After a single injection, the average plasma half-lives of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase were 18 to 24 hr in all groups studied. While the other tumors had no effect on the plasma level of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase after a single injection, L5178Y murine lymphoblastic leukemia and 15091A anaplastic carcinoma significantly depressed the maximal level of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase attained in the plasma. After repeated injections of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, the initial plasma enzyme level was significantly reduced when 20 units/kg were administered, and the clearance of the enzyme from the plasma was greatly accelerated regardless of the amount administered. Furthermore, in tumor-bearing mice, the rate of clearance was significantly more rapid than in the appropriate non-tumor-bearing control.
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PMID:Clearance of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase from normal and tumor-bearing mice. 26 85

The latency period, success rate, and minimal cell inoculum size required for transplantation of continuously passaged human tumor lines into congenitally athymic (nude) mice, antilymphocyte serum (ALS)-treated congenitally athymic (nude) mice, and congenitally athymic-asplenic (lasat) mice were compared. The 11 tumor lines studied included examples of breast adenocarcinoma, transitional cell carcinoma, osteosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, Hodgkin's disease, malignant melanoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma. Of these 11 tumor lines, 3 were successfully transplanted into nude mice, compared to 5 of 10 tumor lines in ALS-treated nude mice and 9 of 11 lines in lasat mice. Moreover, the latency period was shorter and the minimal cell inoculum size was lower for lasat mice than for either nude or ALS-treated nude mice. Despite this enhancement of heterotransplantation into lasat mice and despite the growth of large local masses, no evidence of distant metastases was found.
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PMID:Enhancement of heterotransplanted human tumor graft survival in nude mice treated with antilymphocyte serum and in congenitally athymic-asplenic (Lasat) mice. 27 31


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