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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Uninvolved gastric mucosa from duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer, and gastric cancer patients was incubated with [1-14C]glucose and [6-14C]glucose in order to assess the relative contributions of the pentose phosphate pathway and Krebs cycle to glucose metabolism. [14C]Glucose counts retained by the tissue, glycolysis, and pyruvate formation were also measured. Tumor tissue from the cancer patients was included in the study. Less than 1.2% of the glucose entering the tissues was metabolized via the pentose phosphate pathway; suggesting that this pathway plays a minor role in energy production from glucose. The major determinant of energy production was the Krebs cycle. Its contribution to glucose metabolism was greatest in the body mucosa of duodenal ulcer patients, less in the uninvolved body mucosa of gastric ulcer patients, and lower still in the corresponding body mucosa of gastric cancer patients. The low levels of Krebs cycle activity seen in the latter tissue resembled those of uninvolved antral mucosa. The smallest Krebs cycle contribution was seen in tumor tissue. [14C]Glucose counts retained by the tissue and glycolysis both tended to vary inversely with Krebs cycle activity among the tissues studied. Thus, both were small in the body mucosa of noncancer patients and somewhat larger in the body mucosa of cancer patients, in uninvolved antral mucosa and in tumor tissue.
Gastroenterology 1977 Dec
PMID:Krebs cycle, pentose phosphate pathway, and glycolysis in the uninvolved gastric mucosa of peptic ulcer and gastric cancer patients. 91 74

Sixty-three esophageal anastomoses were performed on adult patients with esophageal or gastric cancer. A total of thirteen anastomotic leaks occurred, resulting in death in seven patients and serious morbidity in an additional patients. Twelve patients had esophagocolostomy, with five anastomotic leaks. Four leaks occurred in the cervical region and were easily managed by local drainage and irrigation, while the other patient had an intrapleural leak resulting in sepsis and death. Twenty-eight patients had esophagogastrostomy, with a total of five leaks. All anastomoses were intrapleurally located, and death ensued in four patients. Fourteen Roux-en-Y and three loop esophagojejunostomies were performed, with no leaks. Two additional deaths occurred from leakage in the pleural cavity and left upper abdomen after jejunal interposition (3 patients) and esophagoduodenostomy (3 patients). In this study, impaired blood supply of the anastomotic end appeared to be the major cause of anastomotic failure. In addition, postoperative shock appeared to predispose to anastomotic leakage, whereas microscopic tumor at the lineof resection, duration of operation and operations for palliation did not appear to increase the leakage rate. The high mortality with esophageal anastomotic leak occurs when diagnosis is delayed and when the site of leakage is in the pleural cavity or left upper abdomen. Conservative treatment is uniformly fatal, whereas operative intervention offers the only chance for survival.
Am J Surg 1976 Dec
PMID:The esophageal anastomotic leak. 99 71

The in vitro lymphocyte response to PHA was determined in patients with gastric cancer in various stages prior to the surgical treatment. The lymphocyte responsiveness in the presence of homologous pooled AB serum in patients of stages II, III and IV were markedly reduced as compared with that in healthy controls (stages II, III; p less than 0.05, stage IV; p less than 0.01). Inhibition of normal lymphocyte responsiveness to PHA by serum from patients in stages III and IV were statistically significant only in the advanced stage. It was concluded that the suppression of the immune response in the early stage of gastric cancer was mainly due to the impairment of lymphocyte itself, which advanced with the progress of the stage and was modified by the serum inhibitory effect in advanced stages. In patients with advanced cancer, the higher was the lymphocyte responsiveness to PHA and PWM prior to the initial treatment, the more effective was the immunotherapy. This shows that the indication of the immunotherapy in patients with advanced cancer could be initiated. Furthermore, the correlation between the lymphocyte responsiveness to PHA and the clinical results of immunotherapy was discussed.
Jpn J Surg 1976 Dec
PMID:Lymphocyte responsiveness to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and serum inhibitory effect in patients with gastric cancer. 101 47

Factors influencing diagnostic yield by directed endoscopic biopsy and cytology were studied in 50 patients with advanced gastric cancer using a forward-viewing panendoscope. The diagnostic yield was higher for exophytic lesions than for infiltrative tumor, and directed brush cytology alone was more productive than directed biopsy alone. The lesions that provided non-diagnostic tissue were mostly recurrent or infiltrative cancers, and were most often in the cardia, antrum, or were of the linitis plastica type. The combination of infiltrative character and location in antrum or cardia, especially if recurrent, often resulted in non-diagnostic biopsy and cytology specimens.
Gastroenterology 1975 Dec
PMID:Endoscopic diagnosis of advanced gastric cancer. Factors influencing yield. 119 18

The skin response to 5 mug of purified phytohemagglutinin (PHA) was studied in 299 subjects, including 58 normal controls, 92 patients without malignancies, and 149 patients with nonlymphomatous cancer. Other immunological responses, such as in vitro lymphocyte stimulation (62 subjects) and skin response to purified protein derivatives (PPD) (95 subjects), were tested simultaneously to examine their correlation with the PHA skin test. A positive reaction was observed 24 hr after intradermal injection of 5 mug of purified PHA in 56 (96.6%) of 58 normal controls, 40 (49.4%) of 81 untreated patients with cancer, and 24 (35.3%) of 68 cancer patients receiving anticancer therapy. Among 32 patients with gastric cancer tested, impaired skin reactivity to purified PHA was noted in patients in stage III or IV. A correlation was found between in vivo and in vitro responses to PHA in 46 (74.2%) of 62 individuals (P less than 0.001). The PHA skin test was repeated 4 times over a period of three months in patients without malignancies, and no significant change in tehir skin reactivity was detected. In repeated tests, the skin reactivity to purified PHA of patients with lung cancer varied depending on the clinical status, and the extent and type of anticancer therapy the patients were receiving. It is concluded that the PHA skin test is a simple diagnostic method for screening for immunodeficiency in cancer patients before and during the course of anticancer therapy. Other advantages of this test are that no presensitization is required and that it can be used repeatedly.
Gan 1975 Dec
PMID:Phytohemagglutinin skin test: diagnostic value for showing immunodeficiency in patients with cancer. 122 17

The experimental induction of gastric cancer was studied in four dogs given oral administration of N-ethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (ENNG) in solution. Esophageal cancer with the regional lymph node metastasis was found in one dog at autopsy, with concomitantly existing gastric cancer. This dog, which ingested a total amount of about 38 g of ENNG, died of weakness on the 513th experimental day. Three remaining dogs are still living and under observation.
Gan 1975 Dec
PMID:Induction of esophageal cancer associated with gastric cancer in a dog by N-ethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguandine. 122 22

We describe the case of a 56-yr-old man with primary gastric adenocarcinoma, who had an extremely high plasma level of des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (2.45 AU/ml) and of serum alpha-fetoprotein (2810 ng/ml). Histopathologically, the gastric cancer was a IIc type of early cancer which consisted of a combination of a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma and a well-differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma. The association of a hepatic tumor including hepatocellular carcinoma or liver metastasis was ruled out by ultrasonography, computed tomography, radiocolloid liver scan, magnetic resonance imaging, and angiography. Foci strongly resembling hepatocellular carcinoma (hepatoid differentiation) were noted in the gastric tumor. Localization of des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin and alpha-fetoprotein within the tumor cells, especially within the hepatoid differentiated foci, was demonstrated by the immunohistochemical staining of tissue obtained at biopsy and the resected specimen. This case seems to be the first case reported in which des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin was produced by the gastric cancer. This finding supports the theory of hepatoid differentiation of a gastric cancer.
Am J Gastroenterol 1992 Dec
PMID:Des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (PIVKA-II) and alpha-fetoprotein-producing IIc-type early gastric cancer. 128 Apr 6

A monoclonal antibody (MoAb HG1-219) against a human gastric cancer cell line (HuG-1) and its shedding antigen (HG1-219 Ag) was generated and a solid-phase sandwich enzyme immunoassay (EIA-219) was developed. The mean serum HG1-219 Ag concentration in normal individuals was 30.5 +/- 14.5 U/ml measured by EIA-219. When the mean +3 SD of the antigen concentration in normal individuals was used as a cut-off level, 4.3% (2/47) of patients with chronic hepatitis, 9.1% (4/44) of cirrhotic patients and 37.5% (18/48) of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) had HG1-219 Ag above the cut-off value. The positive rates of a-fetoprotein (AFP) (> 400 ng/ml) and protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II (PIVKA-II) for HCC were 26.7% (12/45) and 33.3% (12/36), respectively. There was no significant correlation between HG1-219 Ag and AFP or PIVKA-II in patients with HCC. The combination assay of EIA-219, AFP and PIVKA-II for HCC gave the positive rate of 75% (27/36). The effect of periodic acid on the HG1-219 Ag and the inhibition of EIA-219 by CA 19-9 suggest that the epitope of HG1-219 Ag is a suger chain similar to CA 19-9.
Jpn J Cancer Res 1992 Dec
PMID:Establishment of an enzyme immunoassay using monoclonal antibody (HG1-219) and its application for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. 128 11

One hundred nineteen patients with advanced gastric cancer were included in a study comparing EEP vs. FEM chemotherapy. The response rate was higher (30%) in patients on EEP than in those treated with FEM (p = 0.05). Severe leukopenia, anemia, alopecia and infection were significantly more frequent on EEP. In addition, because of its intrinsic toxicity, EEP chemotherapy has a negative impact on the performance status of patients treated with this regimen, more than half of whom presented at least one episode of severe symptomatic toxicity while on EEP chemotherapy. The median time to progression and median survival for EEP-FEM were 2.08-3.4 and 4.2-7.9 months, respectively. Our data do not support the use of EEP chemotherapy in patients with AGC.
Ann Oncol 1992 Dec
PMID:Etoposide (E) + epirubicin (E) + cisplatin (P) combination chemotherapy (EEP) in advanced gastric cancer: negative impact on clinical outcome. Spanish Cooperative Group for GI Tumor Therapy (T.T.D.). 128 50

To elucidate vascular characteristics in the stroma of gastric cancer, the morphological and immunohistochemical changes of vascular components were examined in 27 gastric cancers and 7 noncancer gastric tissues including 2 peptic ulcers. In differentiated adenocarcinoma, a large number of blood vessels were observed in vicinity of the cancer glands and type IV collagen (C-IV) was localized around the blood vessels and cancer glands, and ultrastructurally, cytoplasmic organelle and weibel-Palade bodies were encountered in the endothelium. In poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, a small number of blood vessels were distributed sporadically in the stroma and there were vascular endothelia in which von Willebrand factor (VWF) was localized, and there were much more endothelia in which VWF was not localized compared with differentiated adenocarcinoma. C-IV was localized only around the blood vessels and OKM5 was localized in the endothelia which were distributed in the center of cancer nest in poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Ultrastructurally, there were not so many Weibel-Palade bodies in the endothelia without complete basement membrane. The morphological and functional changes of blood vessels were correlated with cancer differentiation and metastasis. These changes may provide biological feature of cancer and may be induced by cancer cells, vascular endothelia and mesenchymal cells.
Nihon Geka Gakkai Zasshi 1992 Dec
PMID:[Vascular proliferation in the stroma of gastric cancer and its significance]. 128 59


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