Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Gastric cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers in northern Iran. The DNA repair genes X-ray repair cross-complementing (XRCC) group 5, XRCC6, which are important members of non-homologous end-joining repair system, play an important role in repairing the DNA double-strand breaks. Chronic exposure to heavy metals has long been recognized as being capable of augmenting gastric cancer incidence among exposed human populations. Since trace elements could directly or indirectly damage DNA, and polymorphism in DNA DSBs-repair genes can alter the capacity of system repair, we assumed that XRCC5 VNTR and XRCC6-61C >G polymorphism also impress the DSBs-repair system ability and contribute to gastric cancer. Therefore, the objective of this research was to evaluate the tissue accumulation of Selenium (Se), Cadmium (Cd) and Arsenic (As), and XRCC5 VNTR, XRCC6-61C >G polymorphisms in cancerous and non-cancerous tissues in Golestan province. The study population included 46 gastric cancer patients and 43 cancer-free controls. Two polymorphisms of XRCC5, XRCC6 were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Further employed was atomic absorption spectroscopy so as to determine the levels of Se, Cd and As. Finally, the data were analyzed by SPSS (version 16) statistical software. The Se level was significantly higher in tumors as compared to non-tumor tissues, but there was no significant correlation between As and Cd in cancerous and noncancerous tissues. Allele frequencies of the selected genes were not statistically different between groups regarding XRCC6 (-61C>G). XRCC5 0R/0R, 0R/1R, 1R/1R, and 0R/2R genotypes were more common in cancerous group. High levels of Se in cancerous tissues vs. non-cancerous tissues may be one of the carcinogenic factors; in Golestan province, unlike other regions of Iran and the world, the level of Se is high, hence the higher risks of gastric cancer.
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PMID:Association between selenium, cadmium, and arsenic levels and genetic polymorphisms in DNA repair genes (XRCC5, XRCC6) in gastric cancerous and non-cancerous tissue. 3134 72

Selenium has remained a controversial character in cancer research. While its antitumor effects have been widely demonstrated, further evidence is required to establish it as a robust treatment regime. Sodium selenite (SS), an inorganic selenium, reportedly affected the proliferation and redifferentiation of gastric cancer cells, but whether it could act as a complement to conventional chemotherapeutic drugs for combination therapy is uncertain. Herein, SGC-7901 and MGC-803 gastric cancer cells were treated with PADM (Ac-Phe-Lys-PABC-ADM), a prodrug of doxorubicin/adriamycin (ADM), and the combined antitumor effects of the two drugs were evaluated. Characterization after treatment revealed that although PADM exhibited antitumor effects individually by inhibiting the proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cells and inducing apoptosis, the addition of SS significantly amplified these effects. Furthermore, gastric cancer cell apoptosis triggered by the combined treatment of SS and PADM may involve the participation of mitochondrial apoptosis, as evidenced by the changes in mitochondrial morphology and occurrence of mitochondrial fission. Collectively, SS could be a strong complementary drug that accentuates the therapeutic potential of PADM in gastric cancer treatment and management, and its significance could contribute to unique and innovative anticancer strategies.
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PMID:Sodium Selenite Accentuates the Therapeutic Effect of Adriamycin Prodrug (PADM) against Gastric Cancer. 3173 54

Selenium (Se) is a potential chemopreventive or chemotherapeutic agent against malignant tumor. Selenium-oligosaccharides are important selenium source of dietary supplementation. Due to the insufficient natural production, it is therefore urgent to develop selenium-oligosaccharides by artificial synthesis. Chitosan, the N-deacetylated derivative of chitin, has been applied widely in biomedical field, owing to its nontoxicity, hydrophilicity, biocompatibility, and biodegradation. While chitosan is water insoluble at neutral pH, limiting its application in physiological conditions. Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS), the hydrolysate of chitosan, is readily soluble in water because of the shorter chain lengths of the oligomers and the free amino groups in the D-glucosamine units. This study was aimed at preparing COS-conjugated selenium (COS-Se) and examining the toxicity and ability on improving immune function and blocking gastric cancer growth. Our results demonstrated that COS-Se displayed directly co-mitogenic and mitogenic actions on mouse splenocytes proliferation in vitro. Besides, COS-Se treatment could effectively elevate phagocytosis and increase the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokine in mouse peritoneal macrophages. Further in vivo experiments showed that COS-Se exhibited immuno-enhancing effects through promoting the phagocytic index, spleen index and thymus index with no obvious toxicity to Kunming mice. Moreover, COS-Se inhibited proliferation and metastasis of human gastric cancer cells, with non-toxic effects on the normal fibroblast cells in vitro. COS-Se supplementation could significantly repress the growth of gastric adenocarcinoma through reducing levels of CD34, vascular endothelial growth factor and matrix metalloproteinase-9 of nude mice. In conclusion, COS-Se was non-toxic and showed great potential as a functional food ingredient in cancer prevention.
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PMID:Effect of chitosan oligosaccharide-conjugated selenium on improving immune function and blocking gastric cancer growth. 3309 36


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