Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have made over view of new chemotherapeutic regimen for treatment of advanced gastric cancer 5-FU + MMC, FT + MMC and UFT + MMC therapy have been used widely for treatment of advanced gastric cancer as chemotherapeutic regimens in Japan. These regimens did not shown made than 25% in response rate as antitumor effect. Since development of CDDP, FP (5-FU + CDDP), FAP (5-FU + ADM + CDDP) and EAP (Etoposide + ADM + CDDP) is becoming gradually very important regimen for treatment of advanced stomach cancer patients. Recently, we have studied EAP therapy on 50 cases of advanced gastric cancer from January 1988 to September 1989. ADM 20 mg/m2, CDDP 40 mg/m2 and Etoposide 100 mg/m2 were administered on day 1 and 7, 2 and 8, and 4, 5 and 6, respectively, with not less than 2 courses every 3 to 4 weeks. The rate of effectiveness were obtained 43.8% with a confidence interval 95% of 30-58%. Median survival time was only 5.1 months for EAP therapy, which was highly effective but led to no prolonged survival period. Thus it is thought that good control of leukopenia, a dose-limiting factor remains to be examined. Biochemical modulation of 5-FU using such as MTX + LV and CDDP + LV (leucovorin) now under studying in the nation wide in Japan, so far it is getting better results.
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PMID:[New interesting chemotherapeutic regimens in advanced gastric cancer]. 170 48

Treatment of gastric cancer still presents a challenge in cancer chemotherapy. In our Institute, from January 1981 to November 1984, 45 patients were given 5-fluorouracil (5FU) 600 mg/m2 Days 1, 8, 29, and 36; doxorubicin (A) 30 mg/m2 Days 1 and 29; mitomycin-C 10 mg/m2 Day 1 (FAM regimen) every 8 weeks. From December 1984 to October 1986, 26 patients were treated with 5FU 300 mg/m2 on Days 1-5, A 40 mg/m2 on Day 1, cisplatin (P) 100 mg/m2 on Day 1 (FAP regimen) every 3 weeks. In the FAM group, 42 patients are evaluable for response; 5 (12%) partial remission (PR), 9 stable disease (SD), and 28 progressions (PRO) were observed. Median duration of response (MDR) was 21 weeks (range 13-45) and the median survival (MS) in the whole group was 27 weeks. In the FAP group, 23 patients are evaluable: 2 CR (9%), 11 PR (47%), 2 SD (9%), and 8 PRO (34%) were observed; CR duration was 24 and 107+ weeks, respectively, MDR of PR was 22 weeks (5-35). The MS of all patients was 16 weeks. Toxicity (WHO criteria) was mild in the FAM group and severe in the FAP group. In spite of a higher objective response rate, the short MS and the severe toxicity observed in the FAP group do not merit recommendation of this regimen in patients with gastric cancer; therefore neither FAM nor FAP appear to be an ideal standard therapy.
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PMID:Evaluation of two consecutive regimens in advanced gastric cancer. 191 28

High response rates to combination chemotherapy reported by the end of the seventies led many oncologists to recommend standard treatment for gastric cancer. In randomized trials conducted by different groups, the response rate with fluorouracil (F), adriamycin (A), mitomycin C (M) ranged between 17 and 39% and was advocated for adjuvant treatment. However, further studies indicate that combination chemotherapy has no beneficial effect on survival compared with 5-FU alone. Several studies assessing the FAM regimen versus control in the adjuvant setting show, so far, no difference between the treatment arms. Other agents and combinations have recently been investigated. Cisplatin (P) is active in gastric cancer. In six studies using a combination with FA (FAP), the response rate ranged between 29 and 55% with a median survival of 4-12 months. Other combinations using P with F or etoposide and A have also been promising. Recently, the EORTC Gastrointestinal Group, using a combination of sequence of high dose methotrexate and F with A (FAMTX) reported 22 positive responses out of 66 eligible patients, including nine complete responders. These new treatments are currently being tested by different groups in a randomized trial. For the time being, apart from 5-FU alone, chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer should not be administered on a routine basis outside clinical trials.
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PMID:Current status of chemotherapy for gastric cancer. 264 33

Four drugs including 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), adriamycin (ADM), mitomycin C (MMC) and cisplatin (CDDP) can produce response rates ranging from 15% to 20% when used as single agents for advanced gastric cancer. Various combinations employing these agents have been tested and FAM (5-FU, ADM, MMC) has been the most extensively studied, obtaining response rates ranging from 21% to 45% by the original regimen. More recently FAP (5-FU, ADM, CDDP) has been studied and response rates reported were ranged from 29% to 50%, and therefore it was judged that the efficacy is comparable to FAM. However, overall survival gain has been limited when used these combinations. Consequently a serious question has been raised whether past combinations are superior over single agent 5-FU. Prospective randomized trials compared 5-FU alone vs various combination failed to show advantage of combinations over 5-FU alone.
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PMID:[A current overview of chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer]. 266 Jul 47

Twenty-six patients with unresectable gastric cancer, divided into two groups, were treated with combination chemotherapy of FEP (14 patients) or FAP (12 patients). The FEP regimen performed every 4 weeks was as follows: UFT 400 mg/m2 (p.o.) everyday, etoposide 50 mg/m2 (i.v.) and CDDP 30 mg/m2 (i.v.) on days 1, 8 and 15. FAP regimen was performed every 4 weeks was: UFT 400 mg/m2 (p.o.) everyday, adriamycin 10 mg/m2 (i.v.) and CDDP 30 mg/m2 (i.v.) on days 1, 8 and 15. In FEP group, (7 males and 7 females) the average age was 64 (range 53 to 75). Two patients were in PS 1, 4 in PS 2 and 8 in PS 3. In FAP group (7 males and 5 females) the average age was 55 (range 30 to 74). One patient was in PS 1, 5 in PS 2 and 6 in PS 3. No one in either group had prior chemotherapy. Response rates in FEP and FAP groups were 28.5% (4/14) and 33.3% (4/12), respectively. The median survival periods were 4.5 months in FEP group and 6.5 months in FAP group. As for side effects, myelosuppression appeared most frequently, being followed by alopecia and nausea, although the degree of alopecia was milder in FEP than in FAP. We conclude that new combination chemotherapies of either FEP or FAP are useful for advanced gastric cancer.
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PMID:[FEP and FAP combination chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer. Research Group for Gastric Cancer]. 284 59

The Gastrointestinal Tumor Study Group compared three regimens in a controlled prospectively randomized trial for the treatment of patients with advanced gastric cancer. All regimens contained 5-fluorouracil and doxorubicin (FA) but differed in the third drug: semustine (Me), triazinate (T), or cisplatin (P). FAT produced significantly superior overall survival (P less than .01) compared to FAMe. One-year survival rate for the FAT regimen was 30% compared to 15% for the FAMe regimen, and median survival times were 30 versus 24 weeks, respectively. The FAP regimen demonstrated a similar survival advantage compared to the FAMe regimen. The improved survival was observed despite decreased 5-fluorouracil and doxorubicin dosages for patients on the FAT and FAP arms. Severe toxicity rates were 42% for FAT, 69% for FAP, and 62% for FAMe. The FAT regimen produced significantly less hematologic toxicity than either FAP or FAMe, while mild neurotoxicity was the limiting toxicity of cisplatin in this study. Two classes of drugs, without known risks of potentially fatal long-term toxic effects, appear to be effective substitutes for long-acting alkylating agents such as Me or mitomycin in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer. These findings identify new approaches to therapy for this common disease.
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PMID:Triazinate and platinum efficacy in combination with 5-fluorouracil and doxorubicin: results of a three-arm randomized trial in metastatic gastric cancer. Gastrointestinal Tumor Study Group. 290 Sep 1

Twenty patients with advanced gastric cancer were treated with FAP.MMC (5-FU 350 mg/m2 i.v. on days 1-3, ADM 40 mg/m2 i.v. on day 1, CDDP 20 mg/m2 i.v. on days 1-3, MMC 6 mg/m2 i.v. on day 1), administering 5-FU, ADM and CDDP every 4 weeks and MMC every 8 weeks. Fourteen patients were evaluable for responses. Four (29%) partial responses and two minor responses were observed. The median duration of partial response was 3.8 months (range 2.5-7 months). The median overall survival time was 5 months (range 1.5-15 months). Leukopenia was relatively severe, with a median WBC nadir of 1,300/mm3. Nausea and vomiting were frequent but moderate. However, these toxicities were clinically manageable. FAP.MMC was thus considered effective for advanced gastric cancer.
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PMID:[Combination chemotherapy of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), adriamycin (ADM), cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (CDDP) and mitomycin C (MMC) (FAP.MMC) in advanced gastric cancer]. 312 69

The chemotherapy of gastric carcinoma is at an important point in its evolution. Multiple studies with a variety of agents have demonstrated that combination chemotherapy appears to be superior to single-agent chemotherapy in regard to response rate but not survival rate. The typical single agent results in response rates of 20% or less, whereas the typical combination chemotherapy regimen results in response rates of 30% to 50%. The FAM (5-fluorouracil [5-FU], doxorubicin, mitomycin C) chemotherapy regimen, widely used during the last 10 years, produces partial responses (PRs) in 35% of patients. However, the overall complete response (CR) rate is only 2%. Long-term survival of patients with disseminated malignancy is only achieved when treatments produce CR of disease. Because available combination chemotherapy approaches to gastric cancer only produce PRs, it is not surprising that there has been no impact on patient survival from these approaches. There are several newer approaches that hold promise in the treatment of gastric cancer. For example, the role of cisplatin in gastric cancer has not been completely defined. A recent study of FAP (5-FU, doxorubicin, cisplatin) has reported a 50% response rate with a significant number of CRs. The FAP regimen needs further exploration. The drug triazinate appears to have activity in gastric cancer, and in combination with mitomycin C produces a 28% response rate in patients who had failed chemotherapy regimens containing fluorinated pyrimidine. Thus, the efficacy of this drug needs further exploration in stomach cancer therapy. There is no clear definition of the future role of hepatic arterial infusion in gastric cancer. There is no question that, in colon cancer, response rates with fluorinated pyrimidine alone or fluorinated pyrimidine with mitomycin C are in the range of 50% when hepatic arterial infusion is used. This approach needs to be explored in gastric cancer. Finally, the use of intraperitoneal (IP) therapy in patients with minimal disease should be explored, because a common form of relapse in carcinoma of the stomach is IP dissemination.
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PMID:Chemotherapy of advanced gastric cancer: present status, future prospects. 329 18

In the preclinical study of a new combination therapy for gastric cancer, dFTP, consisting of doxifluridine (5'-DFUR), pirarubicin (THP) and cisplatin (DDP) as a modification of conventional FAP regimen (5-fluorouracil+Adriamycin+DDP), we compared antitumor and toxic effects of two sequential treatment schedules, single injection of DDP before or after 4 daily administrations of 5'-DFUR, on 5 strains of human gastric cancer bearing nude mice. Results indicated that both schedules of the dFTP regimen had potent antitumor effects. There was no significant difference between them. On the other hand, in terms of the host toxicity as observed by body weight loss, the post-DDP schedule was significantly less toxic than pre-DDP. These results suggest that dFTP regimen (post-DDP schedule) may be useful for clinical treatment of gastric cancers.
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PMID:[Combination therapy of doxifluridine, pirarubicin and cisplatin for human gastric cancers implanted in nude mice]. 757 12

Cancer chemotherapy plays a central role in the treatment of recurrent or unresectable scirrhous gastric cancers classified mainly as Borrmann type 4. Though we have no specifically effective drugs for scirrhous gastric cancer, 5-FU and its derivative, MMC, anthracyclines, CDDP, CQ and ACNU are known to be relatively effective single agents against this tumor. In an attempt to enhance the effect of single agents, several combined chemotherapy regimens have been devised and tested. These regimens included 5-FU + MMC, UFT + MMC, UFT + CDDP, MTX.5-FU, FAM, FAP, EAP and ELF regimen. At present, combined therapies using 5-FU and MTX or CDDP may be the most attractive of these combined regimens.
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PMID:[Chemotherapy of scirrhous gastric cancer]. 794 83


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