Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fifteen patients with peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer were treated with mainly ip-ETP (Etoposide: i.p., THP-ADM: i.v. and CDDP: i.p.) or other drugs by the use of a totally implantable peritoneal access system. In principle, intraperitoneal drug delivery was carried out every two weeks. CDDP was administered into the intraperitoneal cavity with intravenous sodium thiosulfate delivered simultaneously to protect against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. RI-scintigram showed that the intraperitoneal catheter was fully useful even six months after the operation. As a result, performance status has been improved in 12 out of 15 cases, and ascites disappeared in 3 out of 6 cases with same. Ten cases have been alive for more than 6 months after operation. There have been no severe complications (e.g., nephrotoxicity or myelosuppression) even in the cases treated at frequent intervals for more than 8 months. The findings in this study indicated that ip-ETP using totally implantable peritoneal access system is beneficial for advanced gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis.
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PMID:[Intraperitoneal chemotherapy in gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis using totally implantable peritoneal access system]. 278 86

Two-route chemotherapy (TRC) with intraarterial infusion of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum and intravenous infusion of sodium thiosulfate was carried out on 8 cases of digestive cancer with liver metastases, using totally implanted injection port system. The metastases occurred from gastric cancer in 3 cases and from colonic cancer in 5 cases. Computed tomography and/or ultra-sonography revealed an overall response rate of 50% (4/8). Complete response (CR) was obtained in two cases. The therapy was repeated 12 times in one case of gastric cancer with multiple liver metastases and 5 times in another rectal cancer with a solid metastatic tumor. In the latter case, a right hepatic lobectomy was performed thereafter. The histology of the hepatic tumor showed mucin lakes and necrotic lesions, and no viable cancer cells were observed. This mode of chemotherapy was therefore considered a useful measure for the treatment of liver metastases derived from digestive cancers. Furthermore, no serious side effects occurred.
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PMID:[Two-route chemotherapy under AT-II induced hypertension using totally implanted injection port system in liver metastases derived from digestive cancers]. 278 95

Five cases of double cancers involving the lung and the stomach cancer are reported. The final diagnosis were done by the autopsy. Through the use of sodium hypochlorite and a Millipore filter, many ferrous bodies were detected in all cases. Three of the subjects had occupational histories involving exposure to asbestos that may have had a connection with their cancers and many crocidolites were found in their autopsied lungs. The two other cases, however, did not have any such occupational history and few pathological asbestos bodies. Further, most subjects were heavy smokers. These findings suggested that a high percentage of double cancers of lung and stomach might have been induced by the expose to asbestos in this area.
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PMID:[Evaluation of double cancers of the lung and stomach]. 318 61

It is well known that the sodium thiosulfate (STS) decrease not only the nephrotoxicity which is a dose limiting factor of cisplatin (CDDP) chemotherapy but also its antitumor activity. Therefore, we examined the antitumor effect of CDDP in the human gastric cancer cell lines under various concentrations of STS. The cell lines used were KATO-III, MKN 28, MKN 45 and MKN 74. The consistency of STS in relation to CDDP (2.0 ng/ml) was 25-250 fold-molar ratio. The chemosensitivity of CDDP was positive in the 3 cell lines, KATO-III, MKN 28 and KATO-III in order. When STS was used with 50 fold-molar ratio in KATO-III and MKN 28 and 100 fold in MKN 45, a CDDP colony inhibition rate of more than 80% was maintained. This results suggest that the antitumor effect of CDDP will not be suppressed not so much when the low dose of STS was used in CDDP with STS chemotherapy, even though used through the same route of administration and simultaneously.
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PMID:[The influence of sodium thiosulfate on the antitumor effect of cisplatin in human gastric cancer cell lines]. 319 41

Nine (six male and three female) patients with unresectable liver metastasis of gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma were treated by two-route chemotherapy using cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP) and sodium thiosulfate (STS). Of the nine patients, two had colon cancer, three had stomach cancer and the remaining four gall bladder cancer. In these patients, 100 mg/body of CDDP was administered through the common hepatic artery by the balloon-occluded arterial infusion (B.O.A.I.) method, and just after administration, intravenous infusion of STS (10 g/body) was given. The treatment was repeated at intervals of six to 12 weeks, and the following results were obtained: 1) Seven patients of the nine were eligible for evaluation of response to the treatment. Of the seven cases, partial response (PR) was recorded in two cases, and no change (NC) in five. The response rate in eligible cases was about 30%. 2) Though all the patients suffered nausea and vomiting to a mild degree after the treatment, none of the patients showed significant side effects potentially limiting the dose, such as bone marrow suppression and/or renal failure. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the efficacy of CDDP for liver metastasis of gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma, and the protective effects of STS against the toxicity of CDDP were well indicated, in spite of the low number of cases examined.
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PMID:[Two-route chemotherapy by CDDP and STS in liver metastasis of gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma]. 333 29

The genotoxicity of coal dust extract nitrosated with sodium nitrite (NaNO2) was investigated in mice with the in vivo sister chromatid exchange (SCE) assay system. The SCEs in bone marrow cells of mice were examined following single and double oral dosings of coal dust extract, NaNO2, and nitrosated coal dust extract. Coal dust extract and NaNO2 separately did not cause significant increases of SCEs either in single or in double dosings. Nitrosated coal dust extract in single doses did not increase SCEs but in two doses significant increases in SCEs were observed (P less than 0.02). The mutagenicity of the same extracts was tested in Salmonella typhimurium with the Ames tester strain TA98. Coal dust extract was either non- or weakly mutagenic and NaNO2 was nonmutagenic. The nitrosated coal dust extract caused pronouced increases in his+ revertants both with and without rat liver S9 activation. These findings provide additional evidence that nitrosation of ingested coal dust which may occur in the stomach environment could be one of the factors leading to the higher incidence of gastric cancer in coal miners.
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PMID:In vivo induction of sister chromatid exchanges in mice by nitrosated coal dust extract. 354 23

The clinical courses of three cases with various alimentary tract malignant lesions coincidental with abdominal aortic aneurysm were reported. Of those three patients, a simultaneous resection of the malignant lesion and aneurysm was carried out in two patients, while an secondary abdominal aneurysmectomy following the resection of the malignant lesion was done in one patient. A 70-year-old man with cancer of the cecum and an infra-renal abdominal aneurysm, was diagnosed preoperatively, and a simultaneous right hemicolectomy and aneurysmectomy were carried out. In the other patient, a 77-year-old man, presence of the gastric cancer was incidentally found at laparotomy and a 75 percent gastrectomy and an aneurysmectomy were carried out. In the third patient, both gastric cancer and an abdominal aneurysm were detected preoperatively. Distal partial gastrectomy was performed first because of severe epigastralgia and an asymptomatic aneurysm. The abdominal aneurysmectomy was carried out six months later. All patients were treated by daily administration of Cefazolin sodium or cefalotin sodium (4-10 g) and Dibekacin sulfate (200 mg) for seven to ten days postoperatively. In the case of second look operation, however, Fosfomycin 2-4 g/day was added to the above mentioned drug following the aneurysmectomy. All tolerated surgery well without any signs of infections. The first patient died on the 57th postoperative day from panperitonitis carcinomatosa following an episode of intestinal obstruction. Selection of the operative approaches for patients having both an alimentary tract malignant tumor and an abdominal aortic aneurysm was difficult, although the initial surgical intervention for the more life threatening lesion would be better justified.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Surgical approach to abdominal aortic aneurysm with malignant alimentary tract tumor: report of three cases]. 374 94

Selenium (Se) compounds have shown an inhibitory effect on chemically induced tumours in several laboratory models and there is an inverse epidemiological relationship between Se status and certain types of cancer. Little is known about the influence of Se on the development of stomach cancer. Three different forms of dietary Se, selenomethionine, sodium selenite, and high-selenium yeast were investigated as possible inhibitors of benzo(a)pyrene-induced forestomach tumours in mice. The effects of sodium selenite in combination with vitamin E, and of Se-deficiency were also studied. None of the dietary modifications had any effect on tumour incidence or number. Marked elevations of whole-blood glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were observed in animals supplemented with all Se-compounds. High-selenium yeast caused the largest increase of GSH-Px activity followed by sodium selenite and selenomethionine. The results indicate that the inhibitory effect of Se on carcinogenesis may be specific with respect to organ site or tumour cell examined.
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PMID:Effects of dietary selenium compounds on benzo (a)-pyrene-induced forestomach tumours and whole-blood glutathione peroxidase activities in C3H mice. 375 57

The difficulties in the estimation of daily intake of sodium chloride in populations are discussed. Total daily output calculations are hindered by the difficulties investigators encounter in obtaining accurate 24-hour urine collections in field work situations. As an alternative, urinary sodium-to-creatinine ratios were investigated. Such ratios, which do not change significantly with circadian excretion rhythms, are useful indicators of the amount of sodium excreted in the urine. Preliminary observations in Colombian populations at high and low risk of gastric cancer indicated higher sodium excretion in the high-risk group. Loss of sodium by other means, especially perspiration, needs to be estimated in some other way.
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PMID:Urinary sodium-to-creatinine ratio as an indicator of gastric cancer risk. 383 21

Development of effective chemotherapy for patients with peritonitis carcinomatosa is considered to be very important in cancer management. In this study, intraperitoneal injection (ip) of cisdichlorodiammineplatinum (II) (CDDP, cisplatin) together with subcutaneous injection (sc) of sodium thiosulfate (STS), abbreviated as 2-channel chemotherapy, were discussed with regard to its safety and efficacy on peritonitis carcinomatosa using nude mice inoculated intraperitoneally with SCK-8 tumor cells derived from human gastric cancer. A single ip lethal dose (16 mg/kg) of CDDP reproducibly caused weight loss in nude mice and killed 100% of the nude mice by day 5 after injection. However, sc of STS (1,200 mg/kg) protected nude mice against a lethal dose of CDDP, and reduced CDDP-induced weight loss. Two-channel chemotherapy (CDDP 16 mg/kg ip + STS 1200 mg/kg sc) using nude mice with advanced peritonitis carcinomatosa produced a 45% increase of life span with a survival of 74.6 +/- 6.2 days (n = 8), compared with control nude mice with peritonitis carcinomatosa surviving 51.5 +/- 13.3 days (n = 11). Therefore, it is conceivable that 2-channel chemotherapy can be applied to the management of cancer patients with peritonitis carcinomatosa.
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PMID:[Effect of cisplatin (CDDP) against peritonitis carcinomatosa in nude mice inoculated intraperitoneally with human gastric cancer]. 389 55


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