Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Our previous immunohistochemical studies for the expression of MUC1 mucin antigen (which was detected by monoclonal antibody DF3) and MUC2 mucin antigen (which was detected by polyclonal antibody anti-MRP) in pancreatic and intrahepatic bile duct tumors demonstrated that invasive carcinoma with poor outcome showed a pattern of MUC1+ and MUC2- expression, whereas many of the noninvasive tumors with favorable outcome showed a pattern of MUC1- and MUC2+ expression. To clarify the relationship between the expression of these mucin antigens and the biological properties of gastric cancers, the expression of MUC1 and MUC2 mucin antigens was examined immunohistochemically in 136 patients with gastric cancer invading the submucosa or the deeper layer, and the survival of the antigen-positive and antigen-negative patient groups was compared using the Kaplan-Meier method. For MUC1 mucin expression, different glycoforms of MUC1 were examined using four monoclonal antibodies (NCL-MUC-1-CORE, DF3, MY.1E12, and HMFG-1). The patients with MUC1+ mucin antigen staining in the carcinoma showed significantly worse survival than those with MUC1- mucin antigen staining. In contrast, the patients with MUC2+ mucin antigen staining in the carcinoma showed significantly better survival than those with MUC2- mucin antigen staining. In conclusion, MUC1 antigen expression was associated with a poor outcome in patients with gastric cancer, irrespective of its glycosylation status, and MUC1 is thus considered to be a useful prognostic factor for poor outcome in patients. In contrast, MUC2 antigen expression is a prognostic factor associated with a favorable outcome in patients. In addition, combined evaluation of the MUC1 and MUC2 mucin staining is clinically useful to predict outcome in patients with gastric cancer.
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PMID:Expression of MUC1 and MUC2 mucins in gastric carcinomas: its relationship with the prognosis of the patients. 982 23

We describe a 51 year-old man with calcified early gastric cancer. The calcification was not displayed by abdominal X-ray, CT, or conventional ultrasound. Only endoscopic ultrasonography displayed the distribution of calcification in vivo. Endoscopic ultrasonography revealed a slightly hypoechoic lesion with a high echoic line, without involvement of the fourth layer. Histopathologically, it was a IIc type early gastric cancer. The depth of cancer invasion was limited to the mucosa and a mucin pool was not observed. Psammomatous calcification was observed in the lumen of the carcinomatous glands. This seems to be the first case reported in which psammoma bodies were observed in early gastric cancer.
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PMID:Early gastric cancer with psammomatous calcification. 984 99

We studied the background gastric mucosa in eight patients with intractable peptic ulcer in whom gastric cancer developed during more than 4 years' administration of histamine (H)2-receptor antagonists (H2-RAs), and in two patients with intractable gastric ulcer without gastric cancer in whom H2-RAs were administered for 4 years. As controls, we studied background mucosa in seven patients with combined gastroduoderal ulcers not treated with H2-RAs. The cancers were differentiated adenocarcinomas in all eight patients. The characteristic features of these patients and of the two patients with intractable gastric ulcer were: expansion of the generative cell zone, poor differentiation of the goblet cells, mild cellular atypia, and abnormal branching and anastomosis of glands, as well as wide areas of incomplete-type intestinal metaplasia. The sites of the differentiated adenocarcinomas were classified by mucin histochemistry as intestinal-type mucosa in all patients. A special type of incomplete intestinal metaplasia, of the intestinal type and which retained gastric-type properties, was present in some areas, and p53-positive cells were observed in some areas. In patients with intractable gastric ulcer in whom the background gastric mucosa had been exposed to more than 4 years of H2-RA treatment, it was considered possible that the preconditions for cancerous lesions were present.
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PMID:Clinicopathological study of background gastric mucosa during long-term conservative maintenance therapy for intractable peptic ulcer. 1020 6

At least seven human mucin genes have been described, which express glycoproteins MUC1-7 in various tissues. It has been shown that different mucins are expressed in various gastric disease states compared to the normal. In this study we used histochemical and immunohistochemical methods to determine the type and pattern of mucin in 54 patients with a variety of gastric conditions [i.e., normal controls, fetal stomachs, gastritis, low-grade dysplasia, intestinal metaplasia (associated with gastritis, benign ulcers, dysplasia, and cancer), early and advanced intestinal type adenocarcinoma, and diffuse adenocarcinoma]. We report for the first time the use of all seven MUC antibodies in the various conditions. Normal controls were immunoreactive for MUC4, 5, and 6 , and gastritis specimens showed similar results, although the latter showed more MUC1 immunoreactivity. Whereas early fetal stomach showed no MUC immunoreactivity, MUC4, 5, and 6 were present from the early second trimester onwards. There was no significant difference between dysplasia and intestinal metaplasia, both categories showing the presence of MUC2 and 3 predominantly. Early intestinal type adenocarcinomas did not show any mucins in the majority of cases. Advanced intestinal type adenocarcinomas showed immunoreactivity predominantly for MUC1, 5, and 6, as well as MUC2 in some cases. Diffuse adenocarcinomas showed strong positive MUC2 and 6 staining, and in some cases MUC5 and 7. In conclusion, we have shown different patterns of mucin immunoreactivity in various gastric disease states. Specimens with dysplasia, intestinal metaplasia, late intestinal type adenocarcinoma, and diffuse gastric cancer were characterized by increased diversity of mucin types, whereas early intestinal cancer showed loss of mucin immunoreactivity.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical detection of gastric mucin in normal and disease states. 1022 22

The histology of colorectal tumors was correlated with the presence of liver metastases in a retrospective study performed on 179 patients who were autopsied between 1975 and 1990. For the analysis of metastatic patterns, 116 cases with at least one distant metastatic site were selected. A distinct relationship between mucin expression of colorectal tumors and liver involvement was found. Pure adenocarcinomas and their papillary variants showed the highest affinity to the hepatic tissue regarding the frequency as well as extent of involvement. A subtotal replacement of the liver by metastases was restricted to these two variants. An extracellular mucin component was associated with a lower frequency of liver involvement and a tendency to solitary or oligotopic metastases. Ten cases of signet ring cell carcinomas had no metastases in the liver. The results described here for colorectal cancers are similar to those previously reported for gastric cancer. The therapeutic implications were discussed. A detailed link between these clinical findings and the results found at the level of molecular biology is yet to be determined.
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PMID:[Correlation of histology of the primary tumor with liver metastases in colorectal carcinoma]. 1023 81

There has been considerable controversy over the prognosis of mucinous gastric adenocarcinoma (MGC). In this study we analyzed the clinicopathologic differences between MGC and non-mucinous gastric carcinoma (NMGC). In addition, the relationship between mucin content and other clinicopathologic variables, including prognosis in MGC, was also investigated. We reviewed 2118 patients with pathologically-confirmed gastric cancer who underwent gastrectomy at the Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, during the period between Jan. 1987 and Dec. 1993. Among them, 130 patients had gastric carcinoma with extracellular mucin (MGC) and 1988 patients had gastric carcinoma without extracellular mucin (NMGC). We placed the MGC patients into two groups according to mucin content: mucin content involving over 50% of the tumor (dominant type, n = 94) and mucin content involving less than 50% of the tumor area (partial type, n = 36). The results were as follows: MGC was more common in males than NMGC. The size of the tumor in MGC (mean 5.3 cm) was larger than that of NMGC (mean 4.4 cm). The patients with MGC had a higher incidence of Borrmann type IV (MGC: 16.1%, NMGC: 9.9%), more frequent serosal invasion (MGC: 75.4%, NMGC: 48.6%), lymph-node metastasis (MGC: 75.4%, NMGC: 50.7%), and peritoneal metastasis (MGC: 10.0%, NMGC: 3.5%) than patients with NMGC. The patients with MGC were more advanced in stage at the time of diagnosis and had a worse overall 10-year survival rate (44.9%) than patients with NMGC (54.7%). However, the 10-year survival rate according to the stage of MGC was similar to that of NMGC. There were no significant differences between the mucin content and other pathologic variables, including prognosis, i.e. similar biologic behavior between dominant type MGC and partial type MGC. In conclusion, we suggest that MGC was more frequently diagnosed in advanced stage than NMGC with a poorer prognosis and that it is reasonable to consider the carcinoma with mucin content involving more than 30% of the tumor area as MGC.
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PMID:Clinicopathologic characteristics of mucinous gastric adenocarcinoma. 1033 11

Ample evidence has been provided concerning the presence of tenascin in various histological subtypes of gastric cancer. However, conflict and discussion still persist regarding the correlation with different classification systems and prognostic impact. Therefore, we studied 203 adenocarcinomas of the stomach with special emphasis to the WHO-classification, Lauren's and Goseki's subtypes as well. The immunohistochemical ABC-method was applied using a monoclonal anti-human-tenascin antibody. 30% of all tumours showed a distinct staining reaction. Tubulo-papillary carcinomas (WHO) revealed a significantly stronger reactivity than signet-ring subtypes. Adenocarcinomas of intestinal type (Lauren) were significantly more positive than the diffuse types. Mucin-poor tumours (Goseki I+III) stained positive in a much higher degree compared to mucin-rich subtypes (Goseki II+IV). However, no correlation could been demonstrated regarding TNM-stage or prognosis.
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PMID:Tenascin expression in gastric cancer with special emphasis on the WHO-, Lauren-, and Goseki-classifications. 1037 35

Gastric cancers are a significant cause of morbidity worldwide. Epidemiological studies and animal models show that males have higher incidences of gastric cancers compared with females, suggesting that sex hormones may modulate gastric cancer risk. An animal model of the initiation phase of gastric cancer was used to determine the effects of systemic estrogen administration on morphological progression of preneoplastic lesions and to define cell populations at which estrogens may act. Preneoplastic progression in antral and duodenal mucosa was examined in male rats that received the chemical carcinogen, N-methyl-N'-nitro-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), during treatment with implants containing 17beta-estradiol or oil vehicle. Histopathological changes in antral and duodenal gland morphology, numbers of proliferating cells and apoptotic bodies, and antral gastrin cell numbers and protein storage levels were determined 4 weeks later. With MNNG treatment, duodenal villous heights were significantly decreased, and epithelial cells displayed histological features of hyperplasia and dysplasia. Antral glands showed epithelial hyperplasia and dysplasia, increased mucosal height, and decreased mucin levels. Antral gastrin storage protein levels were decreased by MNNG. Systemic treatment with 17beta-estradiol significantly reversed MNNG-induced alterations in duodenal gland heights while increasing mucin and gastrin levels in antral glands. Cell proliferation and apoptosis rates were not significantly different between groups. The present results indicate that systemic 17beta-estradiol treatment influences antral and duodenal gland differentiation during the initiation phase of chemical gastroduodenal carcinogenesis in male rats. These results explain, in part, a potential pathway through which protective effects of estrogens on chemical carcinogenesis are mediated in the upper gastrointestinal tract.
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PMID:17Beta-estradiol modulates gastroduodenal preneoplastic alterations in rats exposed to the carcinogen N-methyl-N'-nitro-nitrosoguanidine. 1049 48

Human gastric mucous cells - gastric cancer cell lines mucin gene expression - TNFalpha - RT-PCR immunocytochemistry Little is known on the expression pattern of mucin genes in human gastric cancer cell lines in relation to mucin expression in normal gastric epithelial cells. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare gastric cancer cell lines and non-transformed epithelial cells in their expression of the different mucin genes, in order to use these cells as models for physiological MUC expression in human stomach. Human gastric mucous cell primary cultures which were obtained from surgical specimen by collagenase/pronase treatment and a panel of six human gastric cancer cells were screened for mRNA expression of the mucin genes MUC1, MUC2, MUC5AC, MUC5B, and MUC6. Mucin gene expression was analyzed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR, and by Western blotting and immunocytochemistry. Primary cultured human gastric mucous cells retained the stomach-specific pattern of mRNA expression found in gastric mucosal biopsies (MUC1, MUC5AC, MUC6), whereas any gastric cancer cell line exhibited an aberrant mucin gene expression. Mucin gene expression showed large variations in levels and patterns from cell line to cell line, but MUC2 was aberrantly expressed in all cancer cells. Immunocytochemistry confirmed aberrant MUC2 protein expression in cancer cells. The expression of the secretory mucin genes MUC2 and MUC5AC varied in relation to the length of cultivation of the cancer cell lines. Treatment of the gastric cancer cells with TNFalpha resulted in an enhanced mRNA expression of MUC1, MUC2, and MUC5AC (2-fold increase within 3 hours; p <0.05). In contrast, immunocytochemistry disclosed a decrease in MUC2 and MUC5AC staining intensity. Our results indicate that primary cultured human gastric mucous cells provide a physiological in vitro system for investigations of gastric mucin gene regulation. In gastric cancer cells marked changes in the mucin gene expression pattern are found with coexpression of non-gastric type mucins. Gastric mucin gene expression may be regulated by proinflammatory cytokines which could have implications in gastritis.
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PMID:Variation of human mucin gene expression in gastric cancer cell lines and gastric mucous cell primary cultures. 1060 60

A possible association of serum anti-T IgM and IgG antibody levels with Lewis blood-group phenotype was investigated in 168 blood donors and 132 gastric cancer patients using ELISA with synthetic T-disaccharide-polyacrylamide conjugate as antigen. The donors of Le(a-b+) phenotype showed the highest anti-T IgM level irrespective of ABO(H) blood group. A significant decrease in anti-T IgM in serum was observed among cancer patients of Le(a-b+) phenotype: 95% of weak responders versus 17.5% for related groups of donors (p < 10(-6)). In contrast, no significant difference between patients and donors was found for Le(b-) individuals. Thus, a level of natural anti-T antibodies in serum of blood donors and its decrease in patients with gastric cancer are related to Le(a,b) phenotype. This should be taken into account where anti-T antibody level in the serum is used as a tumour marker or for monitoring patients during cancer immunotherapy with mucin-type vaccines.
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PMID:Natural IgM and IgG antibodies to Thomsen-Friedenreich (T) antigen in serum of patients with gastric cancer and blood donors--relation to Lewis (a,b) histo-blood group phenotype. 1060 23


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