Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 49-year-old nursery school teacher noticed epigastric discomfort and loss of appetite, and was hospitalized for diagnosis and treatment on Dec. 19, 1984. She was diagnosed to have Borrmann type 4 gastric cancer with Schnitzler's metastasis. After one month's administration of UFTM-O (UFT, mitomycin C, OK-432) subjective symptoms disappeared and improvement of the gastric lesion was demonstrated 2 months later. On Apr. 4, 1985 she was able to return to work, receiving UFTM-O therapy for one year as an outpatient. When ascites appeared in October, UFTM-O was discontinued and a single intraperitoneal administration of cis-platinum was done for peritoneal effusion. Another combination chemotherapy consisting of MTX, 5-FU and OK-432 was started, but she died 3 months later. In consequence, she had been able to live 18 months from the initial diagnosis. Moreover, she was able to enjoy a high quality of life, which meant she was able to return to her work and travel abroad, during the initial two-thirds of the disease period.
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PMID:[Improved quality of life in a patient with Borrmann type 4 gastric cancer treated with combination chemotherapy]. 310 30

The results of a cooperative study on sequential MTX-5-FU treatment of gastrointestinal cancer were presented. The treatment consisted of three methods, A, B, C. At zero time, MTX 30 mg/m2 (A), 100 mg/m2 (B) and 300 mg/m2 (C) i.v. infusion were given, and 5-FU 600 mg/m2 (A, B, C) was infused 1-3 hours after MTX in gastric cancer patients and 7 hours afterwards in colorectal cancer patients. Twenty-four hours after MTX, leucovorin rescue of 10 mg/m2 p.o. was given either 0 times or once in A, 6 times in B and 8 times in C every 6 hours. In gastric cancer patients, the response rate was 23.2% of 56 cases in A, 40.5% of 37 cases in B and 0% of 3 cases in C. In colorectal cancer patients, the response rate was 28.6% of 21 cases in A, 20.0% of 15 cases in B and 0% of 3 cases in C. Median survival was 7.4 months (M) in total, 5.5 M in A and 7.6 M in B for gastric cancer, and 8.1 M in total, 10.9 M in A and 7.8 Min B for colorectal cancer. Side effects were mild and tolerable. In summary, in this phase II study on gastric cancer, although the response was limited with A, the relatively high response rate of 40.5% with B was promising. The subsequent phase III study will need to evaluate the biochemical modulation with sequential MTX-5-FU treatment in gastric cancer patients.
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PMID:[Biochemical modulation with sequential methotrexate (MTX)-5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment]. 349 47

Subrenal capsule assay was performed on 35 fresh cancer tissue samples (13 stomach, 7 colon, 8 breast and 7 others) against MMC, 5-FU, ADM, CPA, MTX and cDDP employing normal immunocompetent ddY mice following Bogden's original method. Evaluability was 86% (30/35). Sensitivity was between 32 and 46% for each of the drugs except cDDP. Some organ-specific variations were noted between gastro-colic cancers and breast cancers with regard to chemosensitivity spectrum and also individual cases of the same histological type did not show a uniform one. Gastric cancer had the highest activity. The assay/clinical correlations were evaluable in 10 cases where 6 cases on active agents achieved two PR, two NC and PD, while all 4 cases on non-active agents showed PD. Histological analysis of implants, however, disclosed the following inherent problems: First, there was heterogeneity in tissue fragments due to the variable amounts of stroma; Second, apparent host reactions were seen in the untreated groups on the 6th day, accompanying marked damage to cancer cells. In contrast, in drug-treated groups, host reactions in most of them were suppressed and cancer cells were seen frequently in considerable amounts. This fact implies the mechanism that SRCA is based on, in spite of the xenograft immune; Third, there was some discordance between the macroscopic and microscopic findings. SRCA is assumed to be appliable to individual clinical cases up to a certain level which should be determined by histological analysis as well as by accumulation of clinically correlated cases.
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PMID:[Clinical application of the subrenal capsule assay (SRCA) and related problems]. 361 58

A multicenter cooperative study was conducted from July 1984 to March 1986 to evaluate the clinical efficacy of sequential MTX-5-FU treatment in 96 cases of advanced gastric cancer and 39 cases of colorectal cancer. 5-FU 600 mg/m2 i.v. was given and MTX 30 mg/m2 (A), 100 mg/m2 (B) and 300 mg/m2 (C) i.v. were given, and the administration interval between MTX and 5-FU was 1 to 3 h for the gastric cancer group, and 7 h for the colorectal cancer group. Leucovorin rescue of 10 mg/m2 p.o. was given 24 h after MTX administration. In the gastric cancer group, the response rate for Regimen A was 23.2% (CR 1 and PR 12) out of 56 evaluable cases, and for Regimen B, 40.5% (CR 1 and PR 14) out of 37 evaluable cases. In the colorectal cancer group, the response rate for Regimen A was 28.6% (PR 6) out of 21 evaluable cases and for Regimen B, 20.0% (PR 3) out of 15 cases. Median survival time for the gastric cancer group was 5.5 months with Regimen A and 7.6 months with Regimen B, and for the colorectal cancer group 10.9 months with Regimen A and 7.9 months with Regimen B. Main adverse effects were marrow impairment and gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, diarrhea, and stomatitis. In this study Regimen B showed relatively good results. In order to evaluate the biochemical modulation occurring with sequential MTX-5-FU treatment, a further phase III study in gastric cancer patients should be conducted.
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PMID:[Sequential methotrexate-5-fluorouracil (MTX-5-FU) treatment of patients with advanced gastric and colorectal cancer. Sequential Methotrexate-5-FU Study Group]. 361 60

Preoperative cancer chemotherapy for gastric cancer was reviewed with special emphasis on histologic findings and survival. Preoperative chemotherapy with intravenous, split administration of MMC 40 mg caused considerable damage to "micro-solitary metastatic foci" in metastatic lymph nodes. In view of the lipid-adsorbing ability of the lymphatic stream, emulsified 5-FU was used orally in 182 patients with gastric cancer; histologic findings revealed that the emulsified 5-FU enhanced the antitumor efficacy for metastatic lymph nodes as well as the primary lesion. However, the 5-year survival rate for gastric cancer patients undergoing preoperative emulsified 5-FU therapy did not differ from the control, with only the exception of patients with Stage III gastric cancer. On the other hand, combined therapy involving preoperative intra-arterial infusion and surgery was carried out in 62 patients with gastric cancer. These preoperative treatments using MMC, 5-FU, VLB, MTX and/or cytosine arabinoside entailed continuous infusion for 15 to 20 hours; the histologic changes observed revealed marked antitumor effects on the primary focus as well as metastatic lymph nodes. The five-year survival rate for the 62 patients was compared with that for 99 patients with gastric cancer in the corresponding period. The survival rate was analyzed based on the degree of serosal invasion. The overall survivals in the 62 patients were higher than those in the controls for the first 3 years. At 4 to 5 years, the survival rates for both the treated and control groups were approximately equal. In patients without serosal invasion, the survival rates were higher in treated cases than in the controls for the first 2 years. Thirty-nine patients with serosal invasion had significantly higher survival rates than the controls for the first 3 years. The survival rates for the treated patients with cancerous infiltration of ther organs were about the same as those for the corresponding control patients.
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PMID:[Preoperative cancer chemotherapy for gastric cancer]. 392 6

We encountered a case of non-curatively resected gastric cancer (p1, n4) who responded well to sequential MTX/5-FU therapy and PMUE therapy. A 63-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with complaints of nausea and vomiting. Upper gastrointestinal examination and CT scan revealed Borrmann type 3 gastric cancer with pyloric stenosis and multiple paraaortic lymphnodal metastasis. The patient underwent palliative gastrectomy for extensive gastric cancer (H0, P1, N4, T3, Stage IV b). Histological examination of the resected stomach revealed poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma with paraaortic lymphnodes metastasis (n4) and peritoneal dissemination (p1). Chemotherapy with sequential MTX/5-FU was given 13 times. Ten months after the operation, abdominal pain and back pain required analgesic treatment. Abdominal CT scan revealed increased size of paraaortic lymphnodes, suggesting recurrence. Sequential MTX/5-FU therapy was switched by PMUE therapy. Lymphnode size became smaller and habitual analgesics could be discontinued. Since then he was given MTX/5-FU and PMUE therapies alternately on an ambulant basis. The patient resumed his daily activities at 2 years and 8 months after the operation.
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PMID:[A case of gastric cancer responding well to MTX/5-FU (methotrexate/5-fluorouracil) and PMUE (CDDP, MMC, UFT, etoposide) therapies upon lymphnode recurrence]. 748 28

A phase III randomised study, comparing treatment with fluorouracil, epidoxorubicin and methotrexate (FEMTX) with the best supportive care, was conducted in patients with unresectable or metastatic gastric cancer. During the period from July 1986 to June 1992, 41 patients were randomised to receive FEMTX or best supportive care. MTX was given in a dose of 1500 mg m-2 intravenously (i.v.) followed after 1 h by 5-FU 1500 mg m-2 i.v. on day 1; leucovorin rescue was started after 24 h (30 mg orally every 6 h for 48 h) and epidoxorubicin 60 mg m-2 i.v. was administered on day 15. In addition both groups received tablets containing vitamins A and E. Response rates for FEMTX were as follows: complete response (CR), 19% (4/21); partial response (PR), 10% (2/21); no change (NC), 33% (7/21); and progressive disease (PD), 24% (5/21). Response rates in the control group were: NC, 20% (4/20); and PD, 80% (16/20). Increased pain was observed in one patient in the treated group and in 11 patients in the control group within the first 2 months. WHO grade III/IV toxicity in the chemotherapy group was as follows: nausea/vomiting 40%, diarrhoea 10%, stomatitis 15%, leucopenia 50% and thrombocytopenia 10%. One possible treatment-related death was due to sepsis. The median time to progression in the FEMTX group was 5.4 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 3.1-11.7 months], but only 1.7 months in the control group (95% CI 1.2-2.7 months) (P = 0.0013). Similarly, the FEMTX group displayed significantly (P = 0.0006) prolonged survival compared with the control group, i.e. median survival 12.3 months (95% CI 7.1-15.6 months) vs 3.1 months (95% CI 1.6-4.6 months). In conclusion, FEMTX combined with vitamin A and E is a fairly well-tolerated treatment, giving a response rate of 29% in patients with advanced gastric cancer, and also prolonging patients' survival. It can be used as a reference treatment in testing new investigational combinations.
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PMID:Randomised comparison of fluorouracil, epidoxorubicin and methotrexate (FEMTX) plus supportive care with supportive care alone in patients with non-resectable gastric cancer. 753 17

We analyzed the clinical response, toxicities, ambulatory and overall survival time among 51 patients with inoperable gastric cancer, to evaluate chemotherapies and drug delivery routes. Twenty-nine patients were treated by Methotrexate/5-FU (FMTX) therapy and 22 by 5-FU/CDDP (FP) therapy. Twenty-five patients were treated by intra-arterial (IA) route and 26 by intra-venous (IV). The response rate of IA therapy was higher than that of IV therapy (p < 0.05), 48% and 19%, respectively. Median survival times of FMTX and FP were 361 and 289 days, respectively, and the 1-year survival rates of FMTX and FP were 44% and 33%, respectively, with no significant differences. Duration of home chemotherapy with FMTX was longer than that with FP, at 130 and 85 days, respectively. There was no difference between duration of home chemotherapy of IA and that of IV. IA chemotherapy showed a higher response rate than IV, but there were no differences in the incidence of side effects and ambulatory and overall survival time.
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PMID:[A study of chemotherapy for patients with severely advanced gastric cancer--comparison of chemotherapy and route]. 757 65

Sequential MTX/5-FU therapy was performed on 64 patients with unresectable or recurrent gastric cancer. The therapy was most effective in patients with poorly differentiated type gastric cancer. We adopted the intermediate (MTX: 100mg/m2, 5-FU: 800mg/m2) and low (MTX: 30mg/m2, 5-FU: 600 mg/m2) dose regimens. The latter was performed at the outpatient clinic every 2 weeks. This therapy was used for patients with Borrmann type 4 gastric cancer or advanced gastric cancer of poorly differentiated type as postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. The response rate was 25% in 44 evaluable patients, and 33% in patients with poorly differentiated type cancer. As an adverse effect, leukopenia (grade 3, 4) was observed in 4 patients (9%). The 5-year cumulative survival rate of the sequential MTX/5-FU therapy group (52.6%) was much better than the conventional adjuvant chemotherapy group (32.1%) in patients who underwent curative resection with Borrmann type 4 gastric cancer. One patient survived more than 900 days after non-curative resection with peritoneal dissemination (P 3) after low dose therapy of sequential MTX/5-FU. For the patients who did not respond to the MTX/5-FU therapy, MTX/CDDP/LV/5-FU therapy was adopted. This protocol consisted of MTX (30 mg/m2 iv; day 1), CDDP (60 mg/m2 div; day 2 and day 9), Leucovorin (30 mg iv; day 2-9) and 5-FU (250 mg/m2 div; day 2-9). We also performed MTX/CDDP/LV/5-FU therapy for the treatment of differentiated type gastric cancer.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of sequential MTX/5-FU therapy for gastric cancer]. 761 69

Recurrence of gastric cancer or colon cancer was observed in some patients who received 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) high-dose continuous Methotrexate (MTX)-Leucovorin (LV) therapy (FML therapy) previously. 5-FU high-dose 48-hours continuous therapy (5-FU therapy) as maintenance therapy for the patients was performed in the hospital and successively at home. The patients included 3 with recurrent gastric cancer and 2 with recurrent colon cancer: there were 4 males and 1 female, the mean age was 51.8 years (33-59 years). All patients had received FML therapy during the hospital stay before the maintenance chemotherapy at home. 5-FU therapy (30 mg/kg/day x 2 days/w), 30.2 courses on an average (11-40 courses), was performed through a catheter (Port-A-Cath), which was introduced into the right subclavian vein and placed under the skin, with a Baxter infusion pump. The concentration of 5-FU was 197 +/- 172-401 +/- 127 ng/ml between the 2nd and 48th hour. Adverse reaction included anorexia in 5 patients, stomatitis in 4, pigmentation in 4, leukopenia in 3, neuropathy in 2 and alopecia in 1. The therapy was effective for 10.4 months on an average (4-18 months) and the mean survival period was 12.0 months (7-18 months).
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PMID:[Usefulness of 5-FU high-dose continuous therapy at home in patients with recurrent gastric and colon cancer]. 780 45


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