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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The distribution and localization of collagen types were studied immunohistochemically in resected tissues obtained from gastric cancer patients. The expression of transforming growth factor (TGF) -alpha, TGF-beta 1 and TGF-beta 2 on cancer cells as well as the aggregation of T lymphocytes in the cancer tissue were also studied, in order to determine the differences between differentiated and undifferentiated type cancer. The interstitial tissues of differentiated type cancer showed intense staining for types I and III collagen, while those of undifferentiated type cancer showed intense staining for types I and III collagen, in addition to the stronger staining for types IV, V and VI collagen. Characteristically, type IV collagen was intensely stained in the interstitium in 18 of 20 undifferentiated type cancer (90%), but was stained in only one of 15 differentiated type cancer (6%). CD 3+ T lymphocytes were aggregated in the interstitial tissue of both the tumors, where the density of CD 4+ cells and the ratio of CD 4 to CD 8 were significantly higher in undifferentiated type cancer than in differentiated type cancer. TGF-alpha was detected in cancer cells in 80% of the differentiated cases and in 45% of the undifferentiated cases. The staining of TGF-beta 1 was also detected in 80% of the undifferentiated cases, which was significantly higher than 47% in differentiated cases. There were no differences in the incidences of staining for TGF-beta 2 between differentiated (33%) and undifferentiated type cancer (40%). These results suggest that there exist different mechanisms in the regulation of collagen production between differentiated and undifferentiated types of gastric cancer.
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PMID:[Immunohistochemical study of collagen in gastric cancer tissue]. 755 51

The expression of integrin Alpha-6-subunit, laminin, type IV collagenase, type IV collagen and ras p21 were studied immunohistochemically in gastric cancer. The results showed that the expression of alpha 6 and laminin (LN) was often in continuous or interrupted linear pattern in the expanding type of gastric carcinoma (GC); while in the infiltrating type of GC, they were expressed either in interrupted spotty or fragmentary pattern, or almost lost. Suggesting that the interaction between the laminin receptor and its ligand may influence the mode of growth in GC. Intense expression of type IV collagenase was often found in GC cells, especially in the infiltrative type of GC and in those with lymph node metastasis, it can therefore be used as a marker for invasion and metastasis of GC cells. A positive correlation was found between the expression of type IV collagenase and ras p21 in GC. The expression of type IV collagen was similar to that of laminin, but in reverse proportion to the expression of type IV collagenase. These investigations provide a better understanding of the molecular pathological basis of tumor invasion and metastasis.
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PMID:[The relation between integrin, type IV collagenase and extracellular matrix in invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma]. 787 59

The aim of the present paper is to elucidate the pathogenesis of gastric scirrhous carcinoma with special reference to fibrogenesis in cancer stroma and to the mode of cancer invasions. First, there are two hypotheses concerning the origin of the marked increase of collagen fibers in this type of carcinoma. One is thought to be production by fibroblasts stimulated by cancer cells; the other is synthesis by neoplastic cells. Our studies revealed that gastric cancer cells enhanced collagen production by fibroblasts in vitro, suggesting the contribution to the formation of stromal collagen in human gastric scirrhous cancer. However, one of four gastric scirrhous cancer cell lines, NKPS, was found to slightly from collagen fibers in the brain of the nude mouse. We also calculated the number of fibroblastic cells in gastric scirrhous and normal stroma by microscopical image analysis. The results showed that fibroblastic cells in scirrhous stroma were increased four-fold over those in normal stroma. This finding suggests that the mechanism by which fibrous stroma is produced in scirrhous carcinoma may be affected by the increased fibroblastic cells which were stimulated by many kinds of growth factors produced by cancer cells. It is also well known that the infiltrative growth and dispersion of scirrhous cancer cells within the gastric wall is very fast. To assess the mode of cancerous invasion of this carcinoma, we examined the urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) activity of both types of cells (cancer cells and fibroblasts) with a coculture method. Scirrhous cancer cells enhanced production of uPA by fibroblasts. However, non-scirrhous gastric cancer cells produced much uPA by themselves. This finding suggests that scirrhous cancer cells can invade the gastric wall by use of uPA produced by enhanced fibroblasts, but that non-scirrhous cancer cells synthesize much uPA by themselves and can infiltrate the gastric wall.
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PMID:[Pathogenesis and progression of scirrhous carcinoma]. 794 78

The extra-cellular matrix (ECM) related antigens, type IV collagen, laminin, M(r) 68,000 laminin receptor (LR), M(r) 72,000 type IV collagenase (MMP-2), its inhibitor TIMP-2, and alpha 2-macroglobulin expression have been immunohistochemically investigated in 100 cases of human gastric carcinoma with a 5-yr follow up. Basement membranes were inversely related to tumoral differentiation. At the early intramucosal stage of both intestinal and diffuse histological types, TIMP-2 was expressed by the majority of tumor cells (60/63%), whereas MMP-2+ and LR+ cells were in the minority (24/19%, 23/0%, respectively). At the early submucosal stage, TIMP-2+ cells moderately decreased in both histological types (49/49%), whereas a consistently higher number of both MMP-2+ and LR+ cells were detected only in the diffuse carcinomas (72%). In the advanced stage, the expression of TIMP-2 further declined (22/24%), although the other two antigens increased or maintained high levels of expression. AMG+ cells never exceeded 10% in either histological type at any stage. In the liver metastases, both MMP-2+ and LR+ cells were more numerous than in the primary tumor (P < 0.002 and P < 0.01). Patients who died from their primary tumor had higher percentages of LR+, MMP-2+, and AMG+ cells and lower percentages of TIMP-2+ cells with respect to survivors. We believe evaluation of ECM-related antigens, and especially TIMP-2, may help determine a confident prognosis for gastric cancer.
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PMID:Prognosis of gastric carcinoma revealed by interactions between tumor cells and basement membrane. 800 47

In addition to 8th national survey on sarcoidosis in 1991, several other Japanese surveys on clinical features of sarcoidosis was performed and summarized by Tachibana and others. Selected data from these surveys are described in this paper Elderly female patients and detection by symptoms were predominant in 8th national survey, in contrary to the previous data of predominance of younger patients and detection by mass examination. 80 familial occurrence of sarcoidosis was collected in Japan. Brother-sister set was predominant, including two identical twins. Whereas age at detection of cardiac and various other extrathoracic lesions listed in 3 tables was mainly older than 40 years old, it was younger in the CNS involvement especially diabetes insipidus. As various extrathoracic lesions appeared even in stage 1 and also newly appeared during clinical course, careful follow up of the disease is necessary. Major complications of sarcoidosis were malignancy, tuberculosis, mycosis, herpes zoster and other infections and collagen diseases. Pulmonary mycosis was major complication of stage 3 sarcoidosis. Sarcoid reaction was found both in regional lymph nodes and primary malignant tumors, including lung and gastric cancer and others. Worsening of sarcoidosis after labor was found in relatively high frequency in stage 2 and 3, but also in stage 1.
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PMID:[Clinical statistics of sarcoidosis in Japan]. 804 32

The serum level of a newly developed monoclonal antibody against type-I procollagen carboxyterminal peptide (P-1-P) was determined in patients with gastric cancer. The location of P-1-P in gastric cancer tissue was also investigated. We found that: (1) The serum P-1-P level and the positivity rate in patients with gastric cancer were similar to those in patients with other malignant or benign GI diseases and healthy individuals. (2) In patients with gastric cancer, the P-1-P positivity rate was significantly lower than that of CEA or CA19-9. (3) In patients with gastric cancer, the P-1-P positivity rate increased as the disease stage advanced. (4) Among patients with gastric cancer, the P-1-P positivity rate was significantly higher in those with scirrhous type than in those with medullary or intermediate type. (5) P-1-P was detected in the cytoplasm of cancer cells. P-1-P staining was stronger in scirrhous type and histologically undifferentiated gastric cancer. These results show that P-1-P can serve as a good marker for scirrhous type gastric cancer. The production of collagen by cancer cells themselves seems to be involved in collagen production in scirrhous type gastric cancer.
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PMID:Clinical studies of type-I procollagen carboxyterminal peptide in serum of patients with gastric cancer: comparison with CEA and CA19-9. 806 94

We have developed a chemosensitivity assay of human tumors growing on collagen-sponge-gel-supported histoculture. This assay is thus termed the Histoculture Drug Response Assay (HDRA). In the HDRA, the end points of [3H]thymidine incorporation measured by histological autoradiography and tetrazolium dye reduction were initially used and found to have good in vitro-in vivo correlations, including that determined in clinical trials. We have now developed glucose consumption as an endpoint in histoculture. We have monitored glucose consumption for 11 weeks with histocultured stomach cancer tissue that was obtained from a patient with stomach cancer metastatic to the lymph node. The histocultured lymph node specimens were treated with various concentrations of doxorubicin and cisplatinum. The glucose-consumption rate decreased with greater concentrations of both drugs. The results correlated with the thymidine labeling index. From these results, we conclude that the glucose-consumption-rate endpoint in histocultured cancer tissue is non-destructive, unlike the [3H]thymidine and tetrazolium dye end points, allowing serial determinations over extended periods in culture. Thus, the glucose consumption end point may enhance the development of optimal treatment doses and schedules. We also conclude that long-term histoculture drug response studies of metastatic stomach cancer are possible.
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PMID:The measurement of glucose consumption in histoculture to determine effects of doxorubicin and cisplatinum on human gastric carcinoma. 823

The authors previously reported the advantages of a collagen gel embedded culture system for chemosensitivity tests for cancer. In this report, the chemosensitivities of surgically resected specimens were evaluated by the collagen gel embedded culture system and compared with the DNA ploidy pattern, measured by flow cytometry. The chemosensitivity and DNA ploidy pattern were determined in 11 patients with lung cancer, 8 with gastric cancer and 46 with colorectal cancer. Anticancer agents were MMC and CDDP at Cmax for one hour of exposure, and 5-FU, VDS, VP-16 and ADM at one tenth the Cmax for 24 hours of exposure. Results were compared with those of DNA histogram. In eight lung cancers which were demonstrated to be sensitive by the collagen gel system, 5 showed DNA aneuploidy (DA) and 3 DNA diploidy (DD). Seven cases (87.5%) of gastric cancer were demonstrated to be sensitive with the collagen gel system. Two of them showed DA and five DD. On the other hand, 19 cases (41.3%) of colorectal cancer were found to be sensitive, and 7 of them showed DA and twelve DD. Lung cancer and gastric cancer exhibiting aneuploidy demonstrated sensitivity with the collagen gel system, but the rate of sensitivity was only 28% in colorectal cancer, and even aneuploidy cases showed a low sensitivity.
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PMID:[Evaluation of chemosensitivity test for cancer using the collagen gel embedded culture system--DNA ploidy pattern and chemosensitivity]. 848 93

A 58-year-old male presented multiple papules on the nose for over 10 years. Excisional biopsy revealed angiofibroma with perivascular fibrosis and coarse collagen fibers. Investigation for internal malignancies revealed gastric cancer. Messenger RNA for HER-2/neu and c-ras were found both in the lesions of the skin and stomach. We propose the term, fibropapule multiplex of the nose, which may be a variant of Cowden's disease associated with occult internal malignancy.
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PMID:Fibropapule multiplex of the nose: a variant of Cowden's disease? 886 82

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) isoforms comprise a family of multifunctional polypeptide growth factors that either inhibit or stimulate cell proliferation. We examined TGF-beta expression in normal human gastric mucosa and carcinoma. The distribution and expression of TGF-beta isoforms in 4 normal mucosa samples from organ donors, in 12 normal mucosa samples adjacent to gastric cancer and in 12 gastric carcinomas were examined using immunohistochemistry and Northern blot analysis. Because TGF-beta s regulate collagen expression, collagen type I alpha1 mRNA amounts were also examined. Immunohistochemical analysis of normal human gastric tissue samples indicated that TGF-beta1 localized principally in parietal cells but also in some surface mucus cells, TGF-beta2 was present exclusively in chief cells and TGF-beta3 was present in parietal, chief and mucus cells. In the gastric cancers, strong colocalization of TGF-beta1, -beta2 and -beta3 was evident in the cancer cells. Northern blot analysis indicated that, compared to normal gastric tissue, gastric cancers showed a 4.8- and 6-fold increase in mRNA amounts encoding TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta3, respectively. In contrast, TGF-beta2 mRNA amounts were comparable in both groups. Northern blot analysis showed a 10-fold increase in human collagen type I alpha1 mRNA amounts compared to normal gastric tissue. These findings imply a role forTGF-beta s in normal human gastric mucosa function, and raise the possibility that the aberrant colocalization and overexpression of all 3 TGF-beta isoforms in human gastric cancer cells in vivo may contribute to the pathobiology of gastric carcinoma.
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PMID:Differential localization of transforming growth factor-beta isoforms in human gastric mucosa and overexpression in gastric carcinoma. 913 31


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