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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cancer mortality was studied among 265 male workers in 40 small plating factories (chromium, copper and nickel) where bicycle parts are plated. The study utilized record linkage with the Osaka Cancer Registry file between January 1, 1965 and December 31, 1979. The results showed that seven workers had died of cancer, and the Standardized Mortality Ratio (SMR) calculated for all cancers, stomach cancer and lung cancer were 1.13, 1.23 and 1.11, respectively, with no significant relationship found between the observed and expected values. The SMR for lung cancer among those workers with a high degree of skin ulceration and with perforation of the nasal septum was high, 11.22 and 5.13, respectively, although not statistically significant because of the small sample size in the study. The results suggest that lung cancer occurs in those subjected to a high degree of exposure to chromium.
Asia Pac J Public Health 1990
PMID:Epidemiological study of mortality from cancer among chromium platers. 227 68

Lack of lymphocyte infiltration into gastric cancer tissue appears to be an ominous prognostic indicator. The effects of gastric cancer cells on PHA-induced lymphocyte proliferation were studied. Peripheral lymphocytes were co-cultured for 72 hours with either gastric cancer cells or normal mucosal cells. Pairs of cancerous and normal mucosal cells from stomachs of eight patients, were separately co-cultured with peripheral lymphocytes either from patients or from normal volunteers. The degree of PHA-induced lymphocyte proliferation was measured by 3H-thymidine incorporation. The lymphocyte proliferation was inhibited by the presence of either gastric cancerous or normal mucosal cells in a dose-related manner. The lymphocytes from the normals proliferated twice as much as did the lymphocytes from the patients. The isotope incorporation occurred in lymphocytes rather than in gastric cells since the later incorporated insignificant amounts of isotope. There was no difference between gastric cancerous or normal mucosal cells inhibiting the proliferation of either normal or patients' lymphocytes (p greater than 0.05). In conclusion, gastric cancerous cells (up to 10(6)/ml) have no enhanced inhibition on lymphocyte proliferation when compared with normal gastric mucosal cells.
Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol 1988 Jun
PMID:Effects of gastric cancer cells on lymphocyte proliferation. 316 44

For better understanding of the alterations of humoral immunity in gastric cancer patients, IgG, IgA, IgM, complement C3, C4, CH50, natural antibody (isohemagglutinin-IgM class), ESR, CRP, albumin and globulin were quantitated in sera taken preoperatively from 81 patients with gastric cancer and from 29 control patients with hernia. The results from patients with gastric cancer were grouped according to pTNM staging (including stage I + II, III, and IV). Serum globulin and IgG levels in all stages of cancer patients were significantly lower than that of the controls (p less than 0.05). The CRP and ESR levels in stage III and IV cancer patients were significantly higher (p less than 0.05). There was no difference between cancer and hernia patient groups in IgA, IgM, isohemagglutinin-IgM class, C3, C4, CH50, albumin, WBC and total lymphocyte counts. In conclusion, the significant changes in humoral immunity in patients with gastric cancer include: (1) decrease in serum IgG and globulin levels, and (2) increased levels of acute phase reactants (ESR, CRP). These results imply that patients with gastric cancer have lower acquired humoral immunity and have acute phase reactions.
Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol 1988 Jun
PMID:Alterations of humoral immunity in patients with gastric cancer. 316 45

A detailed analyses of gastric cancer incidence and mortality rates in Tasmania was done using fifteen years (1978-1992) of population based Tasmanian Cancer Registry data. The age standardised incidence rates for the period were 12.5 per 100,000 men (95% CI 11.4-13.6) and 5.2 per 100,000 women (95% CI 4.6-5.8). The age standardised mortality rates were 10.6 per 100,000 men (95% CI 9.6-11.6) and 4.1 per 100,000 women (95% CI 3.5-4.6). Male:Female ratio of mortality rates was 2.6. Gastric cancer mortality rates have now significantly declined among males (p = .03) and females (p = .02). No significant decline was observed for incidence rates among males (p = .1) and females (p = .3). For cases overall, there was a preponderance of intestinal type of gastric cancer (76.5%). No significant trend over time was observed in the mean rate of occurrence of intestinal or diffuse type of gastric cancer. The ratio of intestinal: diffuse was 6.5 for all ages. Among males, a significant (p = .03) upward trend in the incidence was observed for proximal tumours, while no such trend (p = .07) was observed among women. A significant decline in incidence of distal tumours was observed for males (p = .000) and females (p.007). Male:Female ratio for proximal tumour was 4.7:1. The results suggests that Tasmanians may have been a population at high risk of gastric cancer.
Asia Pac J Public Health 1995
PMID:Gastric cancer in Tasmania (1978-1992). 1005 Jan 84

PURPOSE: This article summarizes demographic characteristics of Korean Americans and reviews health issues in this population. METHODS: The authors reviewed census data, monographs, books and medical literature published in the English language. FINDINGS: Korean Americans are one of the fastest growing Asian American groups in the United States. They are a heterogeneous population, differing in their cultural, religious and linguistic norms. Early data suggest that Korean Americans have lower overall mortality rates than the general United States population. However, they have special problems with respect to stomach cancer, liver cancer, hepatitis, mental health, access to health care and other issues. CONCLUSIONS: The health issues of Korean Americans have been generally overlooked until the present time. Examination of these emerging problems should contribute to the future of American health. RELEVANCE TO ASIAN PACIFIC ISLANDER AMERICAN POPULATIONS: This paper is particularly relevant to Korean Americans. KEY WORDS: Korean Americans, health education, hepatitis B, stomach cancer and tuberculosis
Asian Am Pac Isl J Health 1993
PMID:Health Issues in Korean Americans. 1156 50

The incidence of gastric cancer in the countries of South East Asia is variable, ranging from age-standardized rates of 20.9/105 (men) and 10.4/105 (women) in Hanoi, Vietnam to 4.1/105 (men) and 2.1/105 (women) in Khon Kaen, Thailand. The reasons for these differences are unknown. Possible explanations are differences in dietary habits, alcohol drinking, smoking and/or the prevalence of infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). A case-control study was conducted in Khon Kaen, Thailand, to study the role of these factors in gastric cancer carcinogenesis. 131 gastric cancer cases and 262 matched controls were recruited for the study. Information on dietary habits, alcohol drinking and smoking were collected by a structured questionnaire. Blood samples were available from 111 cases and 232 controls for H. pylori assay. Using an unconditional logistic regression model controlling for age and sex, we assessed the effects of dietary habits, alcohol drinking, smoking and H. pylori infection on the risk of gastric cancer. A high intake of salt (OR=1.8; 95%CI 1.1-3.0) and fermented foods (OR=1.9; 95%CI 1.1-3.3) was found to be associated with an increased risk. Preference for spicy food was not associated with gastric cancer risk in this population. Although there were negative associations between gastric cancer and vegetable and fruit intake, they were rather weak (OR 0.8 for both) and non significant. There were also weak (non-significant) associations with smoking and alcohol consumption, and no association with H. pylori infection (OR=0.6; 95%CI 0.4-1.0). Infection of H. pylori was associated with various indicators of crowding.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2002
PMID:Gastric Cancer: the Roles of Diet, Alcohol Drinking, Smoking and Helicobacter pylori in Northeastern Thailand. 1271 93

A case-control study was conducted to investigate risk factors for stomach cancer in a rural population in China. Linzhou Cancer Registry was used to identify cases of stomach cancer, aged between 30 and 75 years, diagnosed between January 1998 and April 1999. Three neighbourhood controls were selected for each case, matched according to age, sex and village of residence. A total of 210 cases and 630 controls were interviewed. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) for factors associated with the risk of cancer. Among characteristics of the residential environment, significantly increased risk was found for: frequent irritation on eyes or throat by soot (OR 5.54, 95% CI 1.42-21.65, p for trend <0.01). This effect was particularly strong in women (OR 19.5, 95% CI 1.28-297.09, p for trend =0.01). Dietary factors that were significantly associated with an increased risk were food grains other than rice, wheat and maize (OR 2.93, 95% 1.16-7.38), pickled or salted vegetables (OR 3.99, 95% CI 1.63-9.75) and preference for a high salt diet (OR 2.58, 95% CI 1.56-4.26). The consumption of vegetables showed a protective effect with an odds ratio of 0.27 (95% CI 0.11-0.61). It follows that a developing economy and improvement in living standards, with associated increased intake of fruit and vegetables and reduced consumption of salt, can contribute to a reduction in the incidence of stomach cancer in the Linzhou population.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2002
PMID:Residential Environment, Diet and Risk of Stomach Cancer: a Case-control Study in Linzhou, China. 1271 97

Background: As there is a lack of data on stomach cancer disease in Asia, the aim of the present study was to examine patterns and time trends for this neoplasm in Asian countries. Methods: A descriptive study was designed to examine the cancer pattern and time trend and to calculate the annual change in mortality and incidence of stomach cancer at 5-year intervals. Data were derived from the WHO Mortality Database, and Cancer Incidence in Five Continents. Results: The highest rates of stomach cancer mortality and incidence (ASR) were observed in Japan, followed by the Republic of Korea, and China, the lowest rates being observed in Thailand. The highest to lowest ratios were 50 and 32 for mortality and 120 and 45 for incidence in males and females, respectively. A decreased trend of mortality was found in all 16 countries where mortality data was available, however, before the decrease, an increased trend was found in Japan in the 1950s and in Sri-Lanka in the 1950-60s. In spite of a significant decrease in mortality nationwide in Japan, an increased trend of stomach cancer incidence was found in Hiroshima (ASR + 7.4 in males and + 1.5 in females for each 5-year period). Discussion: There are very large geographical differences in risk factors of stomach cancer from country to country, and these risk factors are still highly prevalent in specific areas of Asia. Further ecological study with emphasis on host and environmental factors for stomach cancer in Asian countries are strongly recommended.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2002
PMID:Pattern and Time Trends of Stomach Cancer in Asia from 1950-99. 1271 8

Cancer prevention is an important strategy in cancer control and it consists of primary prevention and secondary prevention. Major avoidable or manageable risk factors for cancer identified from previous studies are tobacco, diet and infection. Some cancer could be prevented by controlling those risk factors. In Japan screenings for gastric cancer, cervical cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer and colo-rectal cancer have been widely conducted under the Law of Health Maintenance for the Aged. In planning and evaluating cancer control activities in Japan, it was considered useful to estimate the potential of primary and secondary prevention of cancer. The author estimated the potential of cancer prevention in Japan twice previously in 1990 and 1999. In this paper the potential of cancer prevention in Japan was re-estimated by using a different method and more recent data. From the present study it was estimated that about 25% of cancer occurrence could be prevented by control of smoking, diet and infection, about 9-15% of cancer deaths could be prevented by cancer screening, and about 6- 10 % of cancer deaths could be prevented by application of the state-of-the art diagnosis and treatment of cancer, altogether about 40-50% of cancer occurrences/deaths could be prevented if all possible measures for cancer prevention are applied to the general public and cancer patients in Japan.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2001
PMID:An Estimate of the Potential for Cancer Prevention in Japan. 1271 20

Mass screening for gastric cancer originated in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan, in 1960. This review summarizes studies assessing the efficacy of screening using data from a population-based cancer registry in the prefecture that was started in 1959. Sensitivity and specificity of screening photofluorography (indirect radiography) is 81.1% and 88.8%, respectively. Ten-year survival rates are 30-40% better in screen-detected cases than in symptom-diagnosed cases. No randomized controlled trials have reported the efficacy of the screening in the country. In a 18-year follow-up study of 7,008 residents in the prefecture, incidence from gastric cancer did not differ between screened and unscreened subjects, but mortality decreased significantly in screened subjects compared with unscreened subjects for men (61.9 vs. 137.2 per 100,000 person-years, P<0.005) and women (28.1 vs. 53.8 per 100,00 person-years, P<0.01). In a population-based case-control study with 198 cases and 577 controls, odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of gastric cancer mortality was 0.41 (0.28-0.61) for ever vs. never screened within 5 years. Studies conducted in other regions have provided similar findings. Substantial evidence indicates that the Japanese screening program is effective in reducing the mortality from gastric cancer. Population-based cancer registries play a crucial role in assessing the efficacy of cancer screening programs.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2000
PMID:Screening for Gastric Cancer in Miyagi, Japan: Evaluation with a Population-Based Cancer Registry. 1271 89


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