Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty patients with advanced gastric cancer were treated with FAP.MMC (5-FU 350 mg/m2 i.v. on days 1-3, ADM 40 mg/m2 i.v. on day 1, CDDP 20 mg/m2 i.v. on days 1-3, MMC 6 mg/m2 i.v. on day 1), administering 5-FU, ADM and CDDP every 4 weeks and MMC every 8 weeks. Fourteen patients were evaluable for responses. Four (29%) partial responses and two minor responses were observed. The median duration of partial response was 3.8 months (range 2.5-7 months). The median overall survival time was 5 months (range 1.5-15 months). Leukopenia was relatively severe, with a median WBC nadir of 1,300/mm3. Nausea and vomiting were frequent but moderate. However, these toxicities were clinically manageable. FAP.MMC was thus considered effective for advanced gastric cancer.
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PMID:[Combination chemotherapy of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), adriamycin (ADM), cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (CDDP) and mitomycin C (MMC) (FAP.MMC) in advanced gastric cancer]. 312 69

Forty-one patients with advanced gastric cancer underwent gastrectomy, and the correlation between tissue uptake of the adjuvant drug and the prognosis were studied. The patients were preoperatively administered Tegafur and samples of tissue were obtained intraoperatively. 5-FU levels in the tumor and lymphnodes were measured by gas chromato-mass fragmentography (GCMF). The patients measured for 5-FU tissue uptake were given more than 60 g of tegafur as postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, and divided into two groups; one in which the 5-FU uptake by tumor tissue and lymphnode was over 0.05 microgram/g and the other lower than 0.05 microgram/g. In both groups there were no significant differences in background factors. Each survival rate was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method, and the generalized Wilcoxon method was used for statistical analysis. There was no statistically significant correlation between 5-FU uptake by the tumor and the prognosis, but the 5-year survival rate in the group with over 0.05 microgram/g uptake by lymphnodes was statistically significant (p = 0.018).
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PMID:[Uptake of anticancer drugs by target organs and the usefulness of adjuvant chemotherapy]. 313 99

A 75-year-old man with gastric cancer metastatic to the liver was treated by combined administration of Tegafur (800 mg/body/day), 5-fluorouracil (300 mg/body/day) and Mitomycin C (hepatic arterial infusion of 20 mg/body and intravenous infusion of 8 mg/body). The total dose of Tegafur was 5.6 g, that of 5-FU was 11.4 g, and that of MMC was 36 mg for one month and a half. After therapy, primary and metastatic sites was completely disappeared. The patient has survived for 6 years 8 months in a state of complete response.
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PMID:[Complete response in a case of unresectable gastric cancer with a combination of tegafur, 5-fluorouracil and mitomycin C]. 313 91

The chemotherapy of gastric carcinoma is at an important point in its evolution. Multiple studies with a variety of agents have demonstrated that combination chemotherapy appears to be superior to single-agent chemotherapy in regard to response rate but not survival rate. The typical single agent results in response rates of 20% or less, whereas the typical combination chemotherapy regimen results in response rates of 30% to 50%. The FAM (5-fluorouracil [5-FU], doxorubicin, mitomycin C) chemotherapy regimen, widely used during the last 10 years, produces partial responses (PRs) in 35% of patients. However, the overall complete response (CR) rate is only 2%. Long-term survival of patients with disseminated malignancy is only achieved when treatments produce CR of disease. Because available combination chemotherapy approaches to gastric cancer only produce PRs, it is not surprising that there has been no impact on patient survival from these approaches. There are several newer approaches that hold promise in the treatment of gastric cancer. For example, the role of cisplatin in gastric cancer has not been completely defined. A recent study of FAP (5-FU, doxorubicin, cisplatin) has reported a 50% response rate with a significant number of CRs. The FAP regimen needs further exploration. The drug triazinate appears to have activity in gastric cancer, and in combination with mitomycin C produces a 28% response rate in patients who had failed chemotherapy regimens containing fluorinated pyrimidine. Thus, the efficacy of this drug needs further exploration in stomach cancer therapy. There is no clear definition of the future role of hepatic arterial infusion in gastric cancer. There is no question that, in colon cancer, response rates with fluorinated pyrimidine alone or fluorinated pyrimidine with mitomycin C are in the range of 50% when hepatic arterial infusion is used. This approach needs to be explored in gastric cancer. Finally, the use of intraperitoneal (IP) therapy in patients with minimal disease should be explored, because a common form of relapse in carcinoma of the stomach is IP dissemination.
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PMID:Chemotherapy of advanced gastric cancer: present status, future prospects. 329 18

The purposes of this administration were to inactivate cancer cells liberated from the primary tumor, to prevent them from metastasizing to other organs and to treat established metastatic cancer. Sixty-one patients with advanced gastric cancer who had received preoperative 5-FU dry syrup administration and who had also undergone curative resection between 1976 and 1982, in addition to postoperative chemotherapy (more than 20 mg MMC, 5,000 mg 5-FU), (Group A) were admitted to the present study. Their survival rate was compared with that of 67 patients given curative resection for advanced cancer without preoperative 5-FU dry syrup, who received the same postoperative chemotherapy only (Group B) during the same period. The 5-year survival rate for Group A was 0.55 +/- 0.06, higher than the rate of 0.42 +/- 0.06 for Group B. Comparing the 5-year survival rates of both groups in terms of clinicopathological factors such as stage of cancer progression, serosal invasion, lymph node metastasis, and lymphangitic and blood vessel invasion, the 5-year survival rates for Group A were higher than those for Group B. There were significant differences for histological stage III and blood vessel invasion between the two groups. From these results, it is suggested that preoperative oral 5-FU dry syrup might be effective as an adjuvant therapy to surgery for gastric cancer.
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PMID:[End result of preoperative adjuvant chemotherapy with oral 5-FU dry syrup in gastric cancer]. 338 42

Standard immunological parameters measuring non-specific cellular immune reactivity were determined in 175 patients with different stages of gastric cancer prior to surgery and during follow-up. Several tests measuring monocyte activity were also employed. The total number of T cells and their subpopulations Ta and T29o was unchanged except depression of T29o in stage IV. The blastogenic response of lymphocytes to PHA as assessed by stimulation of protein synthesis was only depressed in stage IV. In contrast the PHA-induced lymphokine production was increased in all patients but the differences were significant for stage III and IV. Monocyte Fc receptor expression was increased in stages II-IV, while nitro blue tetrazolium reduction and antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity of monocytes was elevated in stage IV. The number of extractable monocytes was not increased. Longitudinal studies suggested that most of the parameters normalized during follow-up. No major long-term impact of chemoimmunotherapy (5-FU + BCG) on the immune parameters was observed except a transient increase in PPD reactivity approximately 1 year after commencement of treatment. In patients with stage III gastric cancer the increased occurrence of suppressor cells (mostly monocytes) and elevated cytostatic activity of monocytes was associated with a longer survival while the increased lymphokine production and Fc receptor expression were seen in the group of patients succumbing earlier. We concluded that most of the changes in immune parameters were seen only in advanced disease and paradoxically disappeared in the course of disease. The determination of monocyte activity seems to be a sensitive indicator of immune system dearrangements in earlier stages of cancer and a useful prognostic factor in gastric cancer.
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PMID:Serial immunological testing in patients with gastric cancer. 348 1

The results of a cooperative study on sequential MTX-5-FU treatment of gastrointestinal cancer were presented. The treatment consisted of three methods, A, B, C. At zero time, MTX 30 mg/m2 (A), 100 mg/m2 (B) and 300 mg/m2 (C) i.v. infusion were given, and 5-FU 600 mg/m2 (A, B, C) was infused 1-3 hours after MTX in gastric cancer patients and 7 hours afterwards in colorectal cancer patients. Twenty-four hours after MTX, leucovorin rescue of 10 mg/m2 p.o. was given either 0 times or once in A, 6 times in B and 8 times in C every 6 hours. In gastric cancer patients, the response rate was 23.2% of 56 cases in A, 40.5% of 37 cases in B and 0% of 3 cases in C. In colorectal cancer patients, the response rate was 28.6% of 21 cases in A, 20.0% of 15 cases in B and 0% of 3 cases in C. Median survival was 7.4 months (M) in total, 5.5 M in A and 7.6 M in B for gastric cancer, and 8.1 M in total, 10.9 M in A and 7.8 Min B for colorectal cancer. Side effects were mild and tolerable. In summary, in this phase II study on gastric cancer, although the response was limited with A, the relatively high response rate of 40.5% with B was promising. The subsequent phase III study will need to evaluate the biochemical modulation with sequential MTX-5-FU treatment in gastric cancer patients.
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PMID:[Biochemical modulation with sequential methotrexate (MTX)-5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment]. 349 47

A combination of 5-FU (600 mg/m2 on Days 1 and 8), doxorubicin (40 mg/m2 on Day 1), and cisplatin (75 mg/m2 on Day 1) has been used for treatment of 31 patients with advanced measurable adenocarcinoma of the lung and 35 with gastric cancer. The regimen was given every 4 weeks until disease progression to patients who had not received prior chemotherapy. One complete response occurred in the lung cancer group. Ten of the gastric cancer patients (29%) had partial responses. The median duration of response was 5.5 months and the median survival in responding patients was 10.8 months. Toxicity of the regimen was moderate. We conclude that this combination offers no particular advantages over previously described treatments for these diseases.
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PMID:Phase II trials of 5-FU, doxorubicin, and cisplatin in advanced, measurable adenocarcinoma of the lung and stomach. 352 26

Effect of adjuvant chemotherapy on the postoperative survival of gastric cancer patients has been suggested by various clinical trials with an aim of controlling minimum residual tumors after surgery. Incorporation of adjuvant chemotherapy with MMC, 5-FU, FT-207, or immunomodulators into the treatment modalities might be one of the basic treatment strategies for gastric cancer. Well designed, controlled trials in terms of selecting proper drugs and patients, and of statistical methodology, are essential for the proper evaluation of the adjuvant chemotherapy.
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PMID:[Current status of adjuvant chemotherapy of gastric cancer]. 353 62

Sixty-eight cases of cancer were treated by combined use of Thermotron RF-8 hyperthermia and radiotherapy, and 16 cases by combined use of hyperthermia and anti-cancer drug. The results of analysis of treatment are summarized as follows. Thermo-radiotherapy of shallow-seated tumor: Shallow-seated tumor at a depth of 7 cm or less from the skin surface was present in 43 cases. Most of these were metastatic tumors of lymph node, chest wall and abdominal wall. Pathological findings and primary effect; The effect of treatment was evaluable in 40 cases, the breakdown being as follows: CR 21 cases 53%, PR 13 cases 40%, and NR 3 cases 7%. The effectiveness ratios (CR/PRa) were as follows: adenocarcinoma 13 cases out of 18, 72%; squamous cell carcinoma 12 cases out of 15, 80%. The effectiveness ratios were thus almost the same. Tumor size and primary effect: Out of 19 cases of tumor 5.9 cm or smaller, 17 cases obtained CR. Out of 17 cases of tumor 6 cm or larger, there were 5 cases of CR. Cases of larger-sized tumor thus showed a poorer effect of treatment. Recurrence after radiotherapy: Nine cases of recurrence after radiotherapy were treated by combined use of hyperthermia and radiotherapy. Irradiation of 20 to 40 Gy was combined with 5 to 10 rounds of hyperthermia. The effectiveness ratio was 78%, i.e., 7 cases out of 9. Cases of recurrence of radio-resistant tumor after radiotherapy responded well to low-dose irradiation. Thermo-radiotherapy of deep-seated tumor: Twenty-two cases of deep-seated tumor were treated with the combined use of radiation therapy and hyperthermia. They comprised 10 cases of rectal cancer, 3 cases each of gastric cancer and uterine cancer, 2 cases each of lung cancer and sarcoma, and 2 cases involving other regions. The treatment results were: 3 cases each of CR, 15 cases of PR, and 4 cases of NR. The effectiveness ratio (CR + PRa) was 8 cases out of 22, i.e., 36%. Thermo-chemotherapy: Systemic administration of anti-cancer drug was combined with hyperthermia, and 16 cases were treated. They comprised 11 cases of gastric cancer, 3 cases of colo-rectal cancer, and one case of bile duct cancer. The administered drug was 5-FU in 8 cases, MMC in 7 cases, and CDDP in one case. The treatment results were; one case of CR, 4 cases of PR, 6 cases of MR, 3 cases of NC, and 2 cases of PD. More cases of lymph node tumor showed excellent results.
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PMID:[Clinical significance of the combined use of radiation therapy and hyperthermia]. 359 96


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