Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The case was a 82-year-old man with advanced gastric Borrmann 3 cancer on the posterior wall of the cardia. Laparotomy revealed peritoneal dissemination (P3) and liver metastasis (H1). Because of his advanced age and on the basis of local findings, gastrectomy was not performed. In order to treat peritoneal dissemination with two-route chemotherapy, two tubes were placed beneath the cul-de-sac of Douglas and the left subphrenic cavity and at the same time, for the purpose of intra-arterial chemotherapy, one more tube was inserted into the proper hepatic artery. At day 12 and day 25 after the operation, 5-FU (500 mg)-Lipiodol (10 ml) emulsion was infused through the tube inserted into the proper hepatic artery. Within 24 hours following the infusion, hyperthermotherapy was carried out at 42 degrees C for 40 minutes. In addition, two-route chemotherapy with CDDP (100 mg)-STS was given at day 14 and day 28 after the operation. Furthermore, one course of FAM [5-FU (1,500 mg), ADM (30 mg) and MMC (10 mg)] therapy was initiated five weeks after the operation. Although no further chemotherapy was performed thereafter, both gastric endoscopy and CT scanning disclosed complete disappearance of the tumor one year after the operation. This result suggests that combined chemotherapy according to the part of progression is effective for advanced gastric cancer.
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PMID:[A case of nonresectable gastric cancer completely responding to combined chemotherapy according to the mode of progression]. 217 77

A multicenter cooperative study was conducted from June 1988 to July 1989 to evaluate the clinical efficacy of high-dose dl-Leucovorin (dl-LV) and 5-FU treatment in 61 cases of advanced gastric and colorectal cancer. The administration schedule was a 2-hour infusion of dl-LV (500 mg/m2) and an IV bolus of 5-FU (600 mg/m2), given 1 hour after the beginning of LV infusion. Patients (pts.) were treated q week x 6 then evaluated for response. Thirty one gastric cancer pts. were divided into two groups; nine pts. treated with 30 min. infusion of 5-FU, and the remaining 23 pts. treated with IV bolus. PR was obtained in 2/9 (22.2%) and in 7/22 (31.8%) of the first and second group, respectively. An overall response rate was 9/31 (29%). Thirty colorectal cancer pts. were divided the same: 13 pts. treated with 30 min. infusion of 5-FU and the remaining 17 pts. treated with IV bolus. PR was obtained in 2/13 (15.4%) and in 7/17 (41.2) of the first and second groups, respectively. An overall response rate was 9/30 (30%). Median survival time for the gastric cancer group was 9.4 months, and for the colorectal cancer group was 13.6 months. Toxicity was within acceptable limits. Toxic effects included diarrhea, stomatitis, anorexia and myelohypoplasia. Our data suggests that high dose LV and 5-FU seems to be a very promising combination and warrants a further investigation.
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PMID:[High-dose leucovorin and 5-fluorouracil in advanced gastric and colorectal cancer. High-Dose Leucovorin and 5-FU Study Group]. 226 Aug 72

The recent successes being achieved with combination chemotherapy regimens, such as FAMTX (fluorouracil [5-FU], doxorubicin, methotrexate), EAP (etoposide, doxorubicin, cisplatin), and ELF (etoposide, leucovorin, 5-FU), strongly indicate that gastric cancer is chemosensitive. With these regimens, objective remission rates of more than 50% were recorded, including approximately 10% complete remissions (CRs). Moreover, some of these CRs were histopathologically confirmed. The finding that locally advanced disease (LAD) and technically unresectable disease could be rendered resectable by preoperative chemotherapy (EAP) was important. Thirty-six patients with LAD had been treated in a phase II trial with preoperative EAP, inducing 24 (70%) overall remissions (two clinical CRs, six pathologic CRs, 16 partial remissions [PRs] in 35 evaluable patients. Twenty-one patients were disease-free after chemotherapy with or without second-look surgery. The median survival time was 18 months for all patients and 24 months for disease-free patients. At 30+ months, 21% of all patients are still living disease-free. The expected survival of patients with unresectable LAD is approximately 4 to 6 months without any treatment and 6 to 9 months with standard chemotherapy. Compared with the latter results, the preoperative use of effective regimens (eg, EAP) seems to improve prognosis of patients with LAD. Moreover, such a multimodal approach may increase the number of long-term survivors among patients with resectable gastric cancer, especially those whose stage indicates a high risk of relapse (stages IIIa or IIIb). However, partly because of the severe toxicities (myelosuppression, nausea/vomiting), a considerable number of patients cannot be treated with these new regimens for the following reasons: Two of three patients with gastrointestinal disease are older than 60 years. Nontumorous diseases of the cardiovascular system, kidney, and others are frequent in this age group and may complicate or even prevent treatment with aggressive regimens. Considering the predominantly palliative treatment intentions in far advanced (metastasized) gastric cancer, regimens with low toxicities and acceptable activity should be preferred. For these reasons, we developed and investigated the combination ELF in a phase II trial in elderly patients (greater than 65 years) and in patients with cardiac risks who could not be treated with anthracyclines. The overall response rate in 51 evaluable patients was 53% (27 of 51) including six clinical CRs (12%). The median remission duration was 9.5 months and the median survival time was 11 months. Tolerability was excellent. Only 16% and 4% of patients, respectively, experienced WHO grades 3 and 4 leukopenia. Nausea/vomiting and mucositis/stomatitis were mild.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:New developments in the treatment of gastric carcinoma. 230 69

We examined the effect of concomitant use of anticancer drugs such as Carmofur or 5-FU and Nicardipine, a Ca2+ antagonist, on human gastric cancer transplanted into nude mice, and obtained the following results: 1. Combined administration of Carmofur or 5-FU together with Nicardipine caused potentiation of an antitumor effect. 2. After Carmofur was used together with Nicardipine, the FU level in the tumor tissue was significantly elevated. In conclusion, it was found that in the combined use of Carmofur or 5-FU together with Nicardipine, a Ca2+ antagonist, caused a higher level of the FU in tumor tissue and potentiation of an antitumor effect on human gastric cancer transplanted into nude mice.
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PMID:[Effect of concomitant use of anticancer drugs and a Ca2+ antagonist, on human gastric cancer transplanted into nude mice]. 232 91

We investigated the pharmacokinetics of long-term (2-year) daily oral administration of FT-207-E or UFT for postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy in 85 gastric cancer patients by measuring serum FT-207 and 5-FU concentration serially. There were no significant changes in serum FT-207.5-FU concentration during observation period between FT-207-E and UFT groups. There was different operative modality between partial gastrectomy (Billroth I) and total gastrectomy, but no significant difference in serum FT-207.5-FU concentration between the two groups, and no significant serial changes in serum FT-207.5-FU concentrations were observed in both groups. Conversion from FT-207 to 5-FU measured by serum concentration was not suppressed by combination with the biological response modifier PSK.
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PMID:[Long-term administration of tegafur in postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy in gastric cancer patients. Serial analysis of serum tegafur and 5-fluorouracil concentrations, and influence from PSK combination]. 249 84

Forty-one patients with advanced gastric cancer underwent gastrectomy and the correlation between tissue uptake of the adjuvant drug and the prognosis were studied. The patients were preoperatively administered Tegafur (Futraful, Taiho Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Japan) and samples of tissue were obtained intraoperatively. 5-FU levels in the tumor and lymph nodes were measured by gas chromato-massfragmentography (GCMF). The patients in whom the 5-FU uptake by the tissues was measured and who were given over 60 g of Tegafur as postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, were divided into two groups; namely, one group in whom the 5-FU uptake by the tumor tissue and lymph nodes was over 0.05 microgram/g and the other in whom the uptake was lower than 0.05 microgram/g. There were no significant differences in the background factors of either group. Each survival rate was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method, and the generalized Wilcoxon method was used for statistical analysis. There was no statistically significant correlation between the 5-FU uptake by the tumor and the prognosis, however the 5-year survival rate in the group whose 5-FU uptake of the lymph nodes was over 0.05 microgram/g was statistically significant (p = 0.018).
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PMID:The uptake of anticancer drugs by tumor tissues and lymph node and the effectiveness of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy on survival time. 249 62

A study was made of the response rates of primary and metastatic lesions of advanced gastric cancer patients receiving chemotherapy from 1978 to 1987. The patients administered adriamycin (ADR), 5-FU, mitomycin C (MMC) or their analogues showed a response rate of 12.2% (5/41) in primary lesions, 15.9% (7/44) in liver metastases and 20.0% (4/20) in lymphnode metastases, respectively. The response rates were 14.3% (5/35) in primary lesions 16.7% (6/36) in liver metastases and 12.5% (2/16) in lymphnode metastases from chemotherapy using at least two kinds of the above drugs. No significant difference was seen among the response rates per above. By elevating blood pressure induced with angiotensin II, selective increase in blood flow in tumor tissue but no increase in normal tissue was observed experimentally (JNCI, 67, 663, 1981). This finding was clinically applied to cancer chemotherapy, termed Induced Hypertension Chemotherapy (IHC) for enhancing selective drug delivery to tumor tissue. The response rates were 47.6% (10/21) in primary lesions, 28.6% (2/7) in liver metastases and 81.8% (9/11) in lymphnode metastases when combination chemotherapy mainly with ADR, 5-FU and MMC with IHC was performed. Although the response rates were better than the results without IHC, the liver metastases did not indicate any statistical differences. The metastatic lesions in the lymphnode indicated a higher response than that of the primary lesions in the group treated with IHC, but no significant difference was seen. As to the primary lesions and the lymphnode metastases, the treatment with IHC showed higher response rates than those without IHC. It is conceivable that the results obtained would clinically prove the mechanism of selective drug delivery to tumor tissue as described in the experiment stated above. To detect the cause of unsatisfactory response rates of liver metastases, further clinical analysis of accumulated cases may be required.
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PMID:[Chemotherapeutic effect on metastatic tumors]. 249 64

Preventive hepatic arterial infusion (MMC 20 mg, 5-FU 500 mg; one-shot) was applied to high risk cases of liver metastasis from gastric cancer. Postoperative liver metastases were found in 5 (16.1%) of 31 arterial infusion patients, against 9 (25.7%) of 35 controls. The average interval to recurrence from operation was 6.8 +/- 3.0 (SD) months in arterial infusion, against 5.4 +/- 3.0 months in controls. These results suggest that preventive hepatic arterial infusion will decrease the rate of postoperative liver metastasis from gastric cancer.
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PMID:[Preventive hepatic arterial infusion in high risk cases of liver metastasis from gastric cancer]. 250 21

Between 1977 and April in 1989, long-term survivors (over two years) by intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy in gastric cancer patients with liver metastases were examined. The materials were 5 patients (4 synchronous, 1 metachronous metastases) among 21 P0H (+) gastric cancers. The extent of liver metastases shows 1 H1 and 4 H2. Reduction surgery was performed in 4 H2 patients (2 S2 + 3, 1 S4, 1 S6) and postoperative intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy via the catheter in the common hepatic artery was done to control the residual liver metastases. Continuous intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy with the regimen of FML (5-FU, MMC, Lentinan) revealed 100% response rate (3 CR, 1 PR). In a patient with metachronous metastases, PR was obtained with MA (MMC, ADM) + one-shot intra-arterial infusion of LAK cells. Among 5 patients, one with synchronous metastases has survived 35 months, followed by a patient who died after 32 months and two patients who died after 27 months. A patient with metachronous metastases has survived for 24 months.
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PMID:[Over two years survival of intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy in gastric cancer with liver metastases]. 250 30

Fifty-five gastric cancer patients with liver metastasis received arterial infusion chemotherapy. In 14 patients who had lesions in the liver intra-hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy was performed, while in 41 patients who had lesions in the liver and other sites intra-aortic infusion chemotherapy was performed. Methods for inserting the catheter into the aorta or hepatic artery and treatment schedules were reported previously. Between 1975 to 1981, 33 gastric cancer patients with liver metastasis were treated with 5-FU only (4 cases). MMC.5-FU (18 cases) and ADM.5-FU (11 cases). No response was seen, but minor response was seen in two cases. Between 1982 to 1988, 22 gastric cancer patients with liver metastasis were treated using arterial MMC.5-FU therapy combined with angiotensin II (13 cases), arterial MMC therapy combined with degradable starch microsphere (6 cases) and sequential MTX.5-FU (3 cases). The response rate of MMC.5-FU therapy combined with angiotensin II was 5/13 (38%) including one complete response. The responders of MMC-combined DSM therapy were seen in 3 (50%) out of 6 patients. However, no response was seen in sequential MTX.5-FU therapy. In the present study, a 61-year-old patient treated with MMC.5-FU combined with angiotensin II therapy, survived for 49 months after treatment. In order to improve the prognosis of gastric cancer patients with liver metastasis, it is important to increase the delivery of anticancer drugs to the target tissues by using certain drugs like angiotensin II and DSM. In the future, further studies should be done to prolong the duration of remission by arterial chemotherapy.
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PMID:[Arterial infusion chemotherapy in patients with gastric cancer in liver metastasis and long-term survival after treatment]. 250 31


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