Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In an attempt to establish the optimum dose of HCFU, the effect of the presence of stomach on the absorption of HCFU and both the rise and maintenance of blood HCFU levels was evaluated in patients with gastric cancer (total gastrectomy group) and with colorectal cancer (non-gastrectomy group). The blood concentrations of HCFU fractions and 5-FU were determined in terms of pharmacokinetic parameters in these groups. The Tmax was significantly different between the two groups, with HCFU fraction and 5-FU levels that were significantly higher in the total gastrectomy group 30 minutes after administration. No differences were found in Cmax or AUC. There were no significant differences in Cmax or AUC among the various subgroups given different doses of HCFU (100, 150 and 200 mg) in either group, although dose-dependency was observed. Similar results were obtained in crossover tests. The 5-FU remained at an effective concentration of 0.05 microgram/ml, 4 hours after a single dose of 100 mg HCFU.
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PMID:[Serum concentration of HCFU and 5-FU after oral administration of HCFU in postoperative digestive cancer patients]. 151 25

Nine patients with liver metastases from gastric cancer were treated in our department since 1986. Hepatectomy was performed in 3 cases and hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy was performed in 6 cases. In 3 patients in whom hepatectomy was performed, the extent of liver metastases showed 2 H1 and 1 H2. One has survived for 20 months, but the other 2 died after 5 and 7 months, respectively. In 6 patients in whom hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy was performed, the extent of liver metastases was H3. These patients were treated with 5-FU.EPIR.MMC (3 cases), CDDP.MMC (1 case), MMC only (1 case) and 5-FU.ADM.MMC.CDDP (1 case). This treatment revealed a 50% response rate (CR 1, PR 2). The patient with CR has survived for 6 years and 2 patients with PR died after 8 and 12 months. The patient with CR showed high AFP level (55, 480 ng/ml), and 2 patients with PR showed high AFP level (24, 327 ng/ml) or high CEA level (3,903 ng/ml). The prognosis of hepatectomy for liver metastases from gastric cancer was not so good. Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy seemed to be a useful treatment for liver metastases from gastric cancer.
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PMID:[Treatment of liver metastases from gastric cancer]. 153 Mar

Out of 79 cases dealt with reservoir, a response was obtained in 31% of 51 assessable cases. When assessed by cumulative survival with Kaplan-Meier method, the 50% survival was 8 months for total cases and prolonged to 21 months for responsive cases. However, eventually re-hospitalization was required for almost all cases. Although oral nutrition was impossible because of poor general condition, there were many patients who refused re-hospitalization and wished to continue treatment at home. In the present study, in 5 such cases the usefulness of home parenteral nutrition (HPN) combined with chemotherapy was determined. All the five patients in this study had gastric cancer with metastases and recurrent lesions in the liver or lymph node, or localized or with peritoneal spread. The site of the reservoir was within the artery in 4 cases and in the abdominal cavity in 1 case. The chemotherapy was multidrug-combination therapy consisting of 5-FU, MMC, CDDP and EPIR. In 4 cases local hyperthermia was added. In 3 out of the 5 cases (3 out of 7 lesions), a partial response (PR) was obtained. The mean dwelling period of the reservoir was 349.2 days for all cases, but longer than 400 days for 3 cases in which PR was obtained. For HPN, a catheter was inserted through the internal cervical vein, and 750-1,500 kcal/day was administered intermittently during night or constantly for 24 hours. In cases in which PR was obtained with chemotherapy and in those in which the reservoir for HPN was been in place before the terminal stage, the reservoir could be used for administration for a prolonged period. The mean dwelling period of the reservoir was 179.8 days and the duration of home stay was 121.2 days. All of the patients were classified as PS2 or higher and pronounced improvement in PS was obtained after HPN in only 1 case. Four out of the 5 patients were satisfied with receiving treatment at home. However, since HPN is associated with many problems such as sudden worsening in general condition, cancer pain and great burden to families, the solution to these problems remains.
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PMID:[Evaluation of loco-regional cancer chemotherapy with assistance of home parenteral nutrition]. 153 Mar 38

To prevent dissemination to the peritoneum following surgery for gastric cancer, examinations were performed with mouse ascites cancer models and the objective of enhancing the combined effect of MMC, CDDP and 5-FU. Pharmaceutical dosage was set at approximately 30% of the increased life span (ILS) for Meth-A. The dosage was 0.2 mg/kg for MMC, 1 mg/kg for CDDP and 37.5 mg/kg for 5-FU. Results indicated that simultaneous combination of 0.2 mg/kg of MMC and 1 mg/kg of CDDP extended life significantly more than individual administration, and clinical application of this combination was considered to be possible. In contrast, simultaneous combination of 1 mg/kg of CDDP and 37.5 mg/kg of 5-FU had no clear life-extending effect compared to individual administration of each. Some biochemical modulation of the administration method was thus considered necessary.
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PMID:[Experimental study of the treatment of carcinomatous peritonitis in gastric cancer]. 153 Mar 40

Intraperitoneal chemotherapy with CDDP and other agents was instituted to treat 2 cases of metastatic ovarian cancer (developing in one case of gastric cancer and one of colon cancer). At first laparotomy, cytological examination of ascites revealed malignant cells in the 2 cases, and metastatic foci were noted in non-ovarian regions as well. Macroscopic peritoneal dissemination was apparent in the case of colon cancer. Following surgery, 5 courses of chemotherapy were given. The gastric cancer patient was treated with intraperitoneal CDDP and etoposide, while the colon cancer patient was placed on intraperitoneal CDDP therapy and continuous 5-FU iv. Clinical CR was 7 months in the former case and 10 in the latter. Although small metastatic foci were present in the posterior peritoneum in both cases at second laparotomy, distinct peritoneal dissemination had disappeared in the case of colon cancer. Cytologic examination of intraperitoneal washings proved to be negative for malignant cells in the gastric cancer case but positive in the colon cancer case. These findings indicated that although the effect was limited to clinical CR, intraperitoneal CDDP administration for metastatic ovarian cancer is effective for improving short-term prognosis.
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PMID:[Intraperitoneal chemotherapy of metastatic ovarian cancer]. 153 Mar 46

A 56-year-old man who had undergone curative gastrectomy for Borrmann 2 type gastric cancer 43 months before, had a cancer recurrence (liver metastasis and peritoneal dissemination). Intra-arterial hypertensive chemotherapy with MMC for liver metastasis and intra-arterial sequential MTX/5-FU chemotherapy for peritoneal dissemination were given. He died of lung cancer with brain metastasis 27 months after this therapy. But in autopsy the remarkable effects of chemotherapy were recognized in intra-abdominal recurrent sites, and in fact, microscopically no cancer cells were found in metastatic lesions. We thus concluded that intra-arterial noradrenaline-induced hypertensive MMC therapy for liver metastasis and intra-arterial sequential MTX/5-FU therapy for peritoneal dissemination were useful treatment.
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PMID:[Effective treatment of liver metastasis and peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer using intra-arterial therapy--a case report]. 153 Mar 48

The patient was a 44-year-old female who had Borrmann type 4 gastric cancer with enlarged intra-abdominal lymph node metastasis. L-leucovorin (l-LV, 100 mg/m2/day by intravenous bolus for a period of one minute) and fluorouracil (5-FU, 370 mg/m2/day by intravenous bolus) was administered for 5 consecutive days, with a 28-day interval. Dysphagia was subsided 4 weeks after the initial treatment. After 11 weeks, abdominal lymph node metastasis had been reduced in its size (reduced rate 89%). After 16 weeks, gastric structure were remarkably improved (62.2% enlarged in its focus space) in upper GI X-ray. Therefore, total gastrectomy was performed 20 weeks after the initial combination therapy. She has been alive for the past year after the initial treatment. We concluded a combination therapy of l-LV and 5-FU was effective in this patient.
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PMID:[Borrmann 4 gastric cancer treated with l-LV and 5-FU combination--a case report]. 154 65

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is one of the important antineoplastic agents for the treatment of gastrointestinal cancers. The biochemical modulation of 5-FU by various drugs has brought about the two combinations of 5-FU/folinic acid (FA) and 5-FU/alpha-interferon (IFN), which have shown clinical activity in phase II and III trials, especially in colorectal cancer. The experience with both combinations in upper gastrointestinal cancers, however, is limited. In esophageal cancer, two phase II studies with 5-FU/IFN reported seven (27%) objective remissions in 26 patients, indicating superiority of 5-FU/IFN over 5-FU monotherapy. Trials with 5-FU/FA alone are lacking in esophageal cancer. The modulation of 5-FU by IFN or FA failed to show clinically significant activity in pancreatic cancer. However, in gastric cancer, 5-FU/FA and 5-FU/IFN seem to induce higher complete and overall remission rates in advanced gastric cancer compared with 5-FU alone. With the daily times five schedule of 5-FU/FA, 27% objective remissions were achieved; in combination with other cytotoxic drugs, such as etoposide, anthracyclines, cisplatin, mitomycin, or methotrexate, objective response rates up to 50% and more were reported.
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PMID:Biochemical modulation of 5-fluorouracil by folinic acid or alpha-interferon with and without other cytostatic drugs in gastric, esophageal, and pancreatic cancer. 155 51

A 69-year-old man underwent subtotal gastrectomy for gastric cancer in 1989. He was diagnosed with recurrent liver tumors at 9 months after the operation. Mitomycin C and 5-Fluorouracil were infused repeatedly into hepatic artery, at total doses of 170 mg and 15 g, respectively. Metastatic tumors disappeared in liver by this therapy. There were no side effects such as liver dysfunction, bone marrow suppression and anorexia in spite of the large amount of anti-cancerous agents. This case suggested that hepatic arterial infusion of a large amount of anti-cancerous agents is a good method for liver metastasis from gastric cancer.
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PMID:[A case of recurrent liver tumor from gastric cancer responding remarkably to hepatic arterial infusion of large doses of mitomycin C and 5-fluorouracil]. 155 4

Surgery is still the treatment of choice in gastric cancer. However, despite the availability of extended surgical procedures, the majority of patients with stage IV gastric cancer have a poor prognosis. Therefore, other treatment modalities, especially systemic chemotherapy, have been investigated intensively. The recent successes achieved with combination chemotherapy regimens, such as EAP, strongly indicated that gastric cancer is chemosensitive. We also treated previously untreated patients with advanced and recurrent gastric cancer. Chemotherapy of CDDP 30 mg/m2 was given intravenously (i.v.) on day 1; etoposide 70 mg/m2 (i.v.) on days 2 to 4; and 5-FU 500 mg/m2 (i.v.) on days 2 to 5. The courses were repeated every 3 weeks. FEP induced an overall response rate of 25%, including 25% PR (primary tumor) and 25% PR (liver-metastasis). The median survival rate for all patients was 7.3 months and partial responses were seen in three patients with a median response duration of 13.1 months. In 2 patients with PR of primary tumor, one patient underwent a second-look operation and one patient refused an operation. Therefore, ten of 12 patients entered have died, and 2 patients remain alive. We concluded that FEP regimen can be useful in the treatment of advanced and recurrent gastric cancer. Moreover, the preoperative use of effective regimens seems to improve prognosis.
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PMID:[Combination therapy with 5-FU, etoposide and CDDP (FEP regimen) in advanced primary and recurrent gastric cancer]. 158 Jun 37


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