Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have investigated the cell kinetic effect of four carcinostatic agents (MMC, CDDP, ADR and 5-FU) on the human gastric cancer cell line (KATO-III; signet ring cell carcinoma) by means of flow cytometry (FCM), using bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and its monoclonal antibody. Cancer cells in the S phase were first labelled with BrdU and then the bivariate DNA/BrdU distribution was examined to analyze the effect on the cell cycle. Furthermore, cells were reincubated at 24 hours after labelling to evaluate the cell turnover during FCM. MMC, CDDP and ADR assembled the cells into late S phase and G2M phase, while 5-FU assembled them into S phase. after 24 hours, cells with cessation of cell cycle had inhibited their proliferation. We conclude that this technique can be usefully applied as a susceptibility test of carcinostatic agents, since it could define the phase where carcinostatic agents acted on cancer cells.
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PMID:[Cell kinetic effect of carcinostatic agents using BrdU and its monoclonal antibody]. 133 16

In order to study the influence of erbB-2 protein overexpression on outcome of patients with gastric cancer after attempted curative resection with or without adjuvant chemotherapy, paraffin embedded sections from 109 cases of primary gastric cancer with defined treatments have been immunostained for erbB-2 protein in a retrospective study. Thirty four cases (31%) showed strong membrane staining of tumor cells. erbB-2 overexpression did not show significant effect on outcome when all patients were considered. However, erbB-2 overexpression was an indicator for poor disease free survival (p = 0.0474), local relapse free survival (p = 0.0293), and overall survival (p = 0.0310) of the patients treated with surgery only (N = 51), while it did not show any effect on outcome of patients treated with 5-FU plus Doxorubicin (FA) as adjuvant chemotherapy (N = 58). Furthermore, the apparent therapeutic benefit from FA regimen was restricted to patients with erbB-2 positive tumors. Combined predictive value of erbB-2 and FA regimen was found to be significant in predicting local relapse in multivariate analysis (p = 0.0439). The data suggests that erbB-2 may be associated with an improved response to FA regimen and that erbB-2 should be included as a potential confounding variable in the analysis of the data from the clinical trials for gastric cancer.
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PMID:Overexpression of erbB-2 protein in gastric adenocarcinoma--a potential role in therapeutic response to adjuvant 5-FU-doxorubicin regimen. 135 36

Results of 6589 gastric cancer operations at the Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, from 1970 to 1990 were reported. About two thirds (76.6%) were advanced gastric cancer (stages III and IV). The 5-year survival rate of operated stage III gastric cancer was only 30.6%, with frequent recurrence. Conversely, cell-mediated immunities of advanced gastric cancer patients were significantly decreased. Therefore, to improve the cure rate and to prevent or delay recurrence, curative surgery with confirmation of free resection margins and systematic lymph node dissection of perigastric vessels were performed and followed by early postoperative immunotherapy and chemotherapy (immunochemosurgery) in stage III patients. To evaluate the effect of immunochemosurgery, two randomized trials were studied in 1976 and 1981. In first trial, 5-fluorouracil, mitomycin C, and cytosine arabinoside for chemotherapy and OK 432 for immunotherapy were used. The 5-year survival rates for surgery alone (n = 64) and immunochemosurgery (n = 73) were 23.4% and 44.6%, respectively, a significant difference. In the second trial, there were three groups: group I, immunochemosurgery (n = 159); group II, surgery and chemotherapy (n = 77); and group III, surgery alone (n = 94). 5-Fluorouracil and mitomycin C for chemotherapy and OK-432 for immunotherapy were administered for 2 years. The 5-year survival rate of group I was 45.3%, significantly higher than the 29.8% of group II and than the 24.4% of group III. The postoperative 1-chloro-2.4-dinitrobenzene test, T-lymphocyte percentage, phytohemagglutinin- and con-A-stimulated lymphoblastogenesis and the antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity test showed more favorable values in the immunochemosurgery group. Therefore, immunochemosurgery is the best multimodality treatment for advanced gastric cancer.
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PMID:Results of surgery on 6589 gastric cancer patients and immunochemosurgery as the best treatment of advanced gastric cancer. 141 76

A major problem associated with the chemosensitivity testing of fresh human tumour cells using the MTT assay is the contamination of nonmalignant cells in the tumour tissues. Highly purified fresh human gastric cancer cells could be obtained from 43 solid tumours and eight malignant ascites for the MTT assay. The success rate of the MTT assay was 87.9% (51 of the 58 cases), and the purity of tumour cells was greater than 90% after separation on Ficoll-Hypaque and Percoll discontinuous gradients in primary, or metastatic lesions, and also ascites. Cisplatin, mitomycin, and doxorubicin were more potent drugs than etoposide and 5-FU against gastric cancer cells. The chemosensitivity in differentiated cancer was equivalent to that in non-differentiated cancer. Twenty of the 51 patients with gastric cancer had evaluable lesions, and they received chemotherapy according to the results of the MTT assay using highly purified tumour cells. A clinical response was obtained in 12 of these 20 patients (response rate: 60.0%; five with complete response, seven with partial response).
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PMID:Chemosensitivity testing of fresh human gastric cancer with highly purified tumour cells using the MTT assay. 141 22

UFT is given to the patients with digestive cancer from the time before operation to prevent intra- and post-operative cancer dissemination and metastases. UFT (400 mg/day in terms of tegafur) was given preoperatively for 1-6 days in 6 patients with gastric cancer and 13 with colorectal cancer. The interval between the last administration and the beginning of the operation was 3.9 +/- 1.5 hours (mean +/- SD). The concentrations of tegafur, 5-FU, and uracil in the blood collected at the time of tumor resection were 9.68, 0.017, and 0.08 microgram/ml, respectively. In the patients with gastric cancer 5-FU concentration was 5.5 times higher in the normal mucosa, 3.3 times in lymph nodes, and 10.7 times in the tumor tissues than in the blood. In colorectal cancer patients, also, the 5-FU concentration was 5.6, 8.3 and 20.8 times higher in the normal mucosa, lymph nodes, and the tumor tissue, respectively, than in the blood. The 5-FU concentration in gastric cancer and colorectal cancer tissues decreased with time after administration of UFT but remained above the effective concentration 1.5-7 hours after administration of 200 mg. The tissue concentrations of FT-207, uracil, and 5-FU were correlated with each other.
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PMID:[Concentration of 5-fluorouracil in the blood and tissues of gastric and colo-rectal cancer patients after oral administration of UFT]. 144 83

The study was undertaken in the total of 58 gastric cancer patients among which 17 of Billroth (BI), 14 of Billroth II (B II) anastomosis after subtotal gastrectomy, and 7 of jejunal interposition, 9 of double tract and 11 of Roux en Y anastomosis after total gastrectomy were included. Blood samples were taken before 200 mg of per oral UFT administration and after 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7hrs. consecutively. The blood Futraful (FT) level in the total gastrectomy groups reached peak concentration within 1hr and kept in relatively high level during the observation period of 7hrs. The time to maximum FT concentration delayed in almost of B I and a few of B II patients. The concentration curves of uracil (URA) and 5-FU were similar in shape, revealing steep increase and decrease except B I anastomosis which showed gentle course. The plotted maximum concentrations of URA and 5-FU in the every type of reconstruction showed a significant correlation in the regression line. In the analysis of AUC, URA/FT was under 10%, suggesting the longer retention of the unmetabolite type of FT and early disappearance of URA. The ratio of 5-FU/FT was indifferent in each reconstruction. 5-FU/URA was higher in subtotal rather than total gastrectomy groups. From the data obtained, blood concentration of 5-FU after UFT administration was considered to depend on the emptying status in the gastrectomies. And moreover, it depended on blood URA level, since FT from which 5-FU was derived, was kept still sufficiently remained during observation period.
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PMID:[Blood concentrations of futraful, uracil and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) after UFT administration in the various reconstructions after gastrectomy. Saitama UFT Research Group]. 144 84

A 62-year-old male patient with progressive gastric cancer and multiple liver metastases (H3, P0, ss gamma, n4) underwent total gastrectomy (R1). After 2 years and 2 months, he was re-hospitalized with epigastric tumor caused by re-manifestation of liver metastasis as well as inappetence. Since a large focus of liver metastasis and intraportal tumor embolism was identified, a continuous intraarterial infusion tube utilizing Infuse-A-Port was inserted in the hepatic artery. After conducting 2 cycles of PMUE intra-arterial chemotherapy, the tumor size was reduced by 84% (PR); and CEA, which had been high upon rehospitalization, recovered to the normal level. After discharge, the patient has been receiving 5-FU arterial infusion as an outpatient and undergoing UFT oral chemotherapy. The efficacy has continued and he has been well for 3 years since operation. Often operations for gastric cancer accompanied with multiple liver metastasis meet with little success, and almost no case of prolonged survival has been reported. In this case, the effectiveness of PMUE arterial infusion chemotherapy was clear, the patient has been well for 3 years since operation, and is an interesting example with seemingly good prospects for long-survival.
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PMID:[A case of gastric cancer with multiple liver metastases effectively treated with PMUE (CDDP, MMC, UFT, etoposide) hepatic arterial chemotherapy]. 144 90

Between 1985 and 1990, 50 patients with unresectable liver metastases from colorectal cancer and 34 subjects with metastases from gastric cancer were treated by repeated hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy employing an implantable prot system. A catheter was inserted into the hepatic artery via the left subclavian artery and was connected to the implantable injection port in each patient. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) at 330 mg/m2 per week (167 mg/m2 daily given continuously over the initial 3 months for colorectal cancer), Adriamycin (ADR) at 20 mg/m2 every 4 weeks and mitomycin C (MMC) at 2.7 mg/m2 every 2 weeks were given to all 34 patients with gastric cancer and to 31 of the colorectal cancer patients. The remaining 19 patients with colorectal cancer received 5-FU at 1,000 mg/m2 every week. As a rule the treatment was performed on an outpatient basis. The side effects and complications observed included myelosuppression (23%), hepatic arterial occlusion (21%), and gastroduodenal mucositis (12%), although no major toxicity was encountered. The response rate (CR+PR) among the evaluated patients as determined using CT scans was 67% for colorectal cancer and 73% for gastric cancer. The overall median survival was 12 months and 15 months, respectively. Good local control of liver metastases from the colorectal and gastric cancers was achieved by repeated hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy employing an implantable port system without the need for hospitalization and without producing major toxicity. Thus, the implantable port system is very useful for the management of patients with unresectable liver metastases.
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PMID:Management of patients with unresectable liver metastases from colorectal and gastric cancer employing an implantable port system. 145 67

Chemotherapy in disseminated stages of gastro-intestinal tumor only causes remission rates of 20 to 40% in a reproducible manner. Treatment is clearly palliative and does not influence median time of survival in these patients. In limited stages of esophageal or gastric cancer remission rates above 50% are achieved. However there is no evidence that chemotherapy in addition to surgery improves treatment results. Based on prospectively randomized studies, for stage-III colon carcinoma adjuvant chemotherapy using Fluorouracil and Levamisole is recommended. In resected carcinoma of rectum the adjuvant combination of chemotherapy and radiation improves local control of the tumor as well as survival of the patients. This modality of treatment is recommended.
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PMID:[Chemotherapy in solid tumors of the gastrointestinal tract?]. 149 6

The chemosensitivity test for esophageal and gastric cancer cells collected by endoscopic biopsies before operation was investigated for evaluation by ATP assay. Experimentally, ATP assay was applied in human esophageal and gastric cancer cell line transplanted in nude mice. ATP level was measured by Lumiphotometer and showed positive linear correlation with the number of cancer cells in more than 10(3). Also ATP level increased when more than 10(3) cancer cells were cultured for more than 48 hours. On the other hand, more than 10(3) cancer cells were indicated to be collected by endoscopic biopsies, experimentally. Clinically, 7 specimens collected by endoscopic biopsy and 5 anticancer agents (MMC, CDDP, 5-FU, ADM and BLM) were used for the test. Forty-nine cases, 31 cases of esophageal cancer and 18 cases of gastric cancer were subjected to the study. The evaluability rates were 93.8%, respectively. Over-all predictive accuracy for esophageal cancer between the clinical responses and results of the assay was 72.0%. These results suggested the usefulness of biopsy specimens for the chemosensitivity test of anticancer agents.
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PMID:[The experiment and clinical evaluation of chemosensitivity test for esophageal and gastric cancer by ATP assay using endoscopic biopsy]. 151 5


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