Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Reviewing the treatment perspectives with chemo- and immunotherapy in carcinomas and sarcomas to be treated by general or orthopedic surgeons, the following indications are regarded as recommendable: Adjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer, neoadjuvant chemotherapy with radiation in anal carcinoma and neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemotherapy of high-grade malignant osteosarcoma. Isolation perfusion currently is the treatment of choice in melanoma metastasis limited to an extremity. With several indications, recent developments have produced promising results that should be urgently confirmed in appropriate studies. Therefore the following studies have a high priority: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in esophageal carcinoma and in locally advanced breast and stomach cancer, adjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in colon carcinoma UICC III and chemoradiation in rectal carcinoma UICC II and III, systemic chemotherapy of metastasized stomach-, colorectal-, breast cancer and sarcomas. Isolated non-resectable liver metastases of colorectal origin and hepatocellular carcinoma should be included in studies evaluating the treatment advantage of regional chemotherapy. Those malignant "surgical" tumors not listed above should receive chemotherapy within experimental studies, after consideration of individual risk factors, or no chemotherapy. Immunotherapy with its various modalities is still in the experimental stage.
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PMID:[What is confirmed in chemo- and immunotherapy of solid tumors. Standard protocols, studies and new developments]. 160 55

The authors report a case of Werner's syndrome complicated by quintuplicate malignancy, and review the literature data. Four malignancies occurred synchronously in the case: osteosarcoma of the left distal tibia, malignant melanoma of the left plantar region, gastric cancer, pulmonary coin lesion. The osteosarcoma and malignant melanoma were treated by below-knee amputation and the gastric cancer by palliative surgery; the pulmonary coin lesion did not respond to cisplatin chemotherapy. It was difficult to treat the multiple primary cancer curatively, and patient died of respiratory failure due to a brain tumor seven months after surgery. The postmortem examination revealed a papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland and a leiomyosarcoma of the lung. In some cases of Werner's syndrome, attention should be paid to the concurrent occurrence of multiple primary malignant neoplasms.
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PMID:Werner's syndrome combined with quintuplicate malignant tumors: a case report and review of literature data. 206 29

Receptors for granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were identified on 9 of 35 (26%) human nonhematopoietic tumor cell lines including non-small cell lung cancer, stomach cancer, colon cancer, and osteosarcoma cells. GM-CSF receptors distributed on these human tumor cells were low affinity types with an equilibrium dissociation constant of 1.5-10.0 nM. Cross-linking studies revealed that the molecular weights of the low affinity GM-CSF receptors were 65-85 kilodaltons. The high affinity receptors identified on hematopoietic cells were not detected on human nonhematopoietic tumor cells which we studied, and we could detect no effects of GM-CSF on cell growth of these tumor cells.
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PMID:Frequent expression of receptors for granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor on human nonhematopoietic tumor cell lines. 216 48

A 65-year-old previously healthy housewife, gravida 3, para 3, was first diagnosed as Stage Ib carcinoma of the uterine cervix (poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma) and admitted. The external radiation of 5400 rad by telecobalt source was performed. No intracavitary radiation was added. After about 7 1/2 years the patient noticed a tumor of fist size on her buttocks, but she did not present in our clinic regularly. Because of enlarging tumor and general malaise she was readmitted a year later. On the fifth hospital day she died with ileus. Autopsy revealed osteosarcoma of buttocks in the radiation field, stomach cancer (tubular adenocarcinoma) with perforated peritonitis, and invasive mole of the uterine corpus. The patient's last pregnancy terminated as a full-term delivery at 26 years of age and she was 43 years at her menopause. The dormant period of invasive mole was 47 years after her last pregnancy, 30 years after her menopause, and at least 8 years after pelvic radiation.
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PMID:Long-dormant invasive mole associated with multiple malignancies. 299 95

We report 28 cases of malignant disease in pregnant women. They were divided into 14 cases of intrapelvic tumors and 14 of extrapelvic tumors. The intrapelvic tumors were cervix cancer in nine and ovarian cancer in five, while the extrapelvic tumors were brain tumors in three, maxillary cancer in one, tongue cancer in one, pharyngeal cancer in one, breast cancer in one, gastric cancer in two, osteosarcoma in one Hodgkin's lymphoma in one, and leukemias in three. The prognoses of the patients with intrapelvic tumors were relatively good. But those of extrapelvic diseases were poor.
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PMID:[Malignant neoplasms in pregnancy--report of 28 cases treated in our hospital]. 377 71

Certain Lilium plants contain (25S)-spirost-5-ene-3 beta,27-diol glycosides embracing 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acid at the C-27 hydroxy position. One of their derivatives, methyl ester of (25R)-27-O-[(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl]-spirost-5-ene-3 beta,27-diol 3-O-(O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)] - beta-D-glucopyranoside) was found to inhibit 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-stimulated 32P-incorporation into the phospholipids of human cervical cancer (HeLa) cells and also to inhibit the proliferation of various kinds of human malignant tumor cells, pancreatic cancer (PANC-1), osteosarcoma (OST), human gastric cancer (HGC-27), pheochromocytoma (PC-12) and HeLa cells, in vitro.
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PMID:Inhibitory effects of steroidal saponins on 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-enhanced 32P-incorporation into phospholipids of HeLa cells and proliferation of human malignant tumor cells. 755 Jan 6

The ERK gene has been isolated as a genomic DNA encoding a part of the receptor protein-tyrosine kinase which belongs to the EPH subfamily. We previously identified a partial complementary DNA (cDNA) encompassing the catalytic domain of ERK from the expression library of human gastric cancer with an antiphosphotyrosine antibody. Using this cDNA as a probe, the cDNAs encoding mature ERK protein were isolated. The putative mature ERK protein, a total of 967 deduced amino acid residues, showed high homology with chicken Cek5 (92.5%) and mouse Nuk (99.1%). Chromosomal in situ hybridization revealed that human ERK cDNA is localized to chromosome 1p34-35. In Northern blot analysis of normal human tissues, the ERK gene was ubiquitously expressed mainly in cells of epithelial origin but not in the brain. Studies on RNAs from 76 human tumor tissues and cell lines showed that ERK is expressed at higher levels in various tumors of epithelial origin than in corresponding normal tissues, most frequently in gastric cancers (12 of 16, 75.0%). Overexpression of ERK was also detected in one osteosarcoma cell line. These findings suggest that ERK plays some significant role in carcinogenesis in the stomach and other tissues.
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PMID:Overexpression of ERK, an EPH family receptor protein tyrosine kinase, in various human tumors. 803 77

To date, intraoperative radiotherapy has been performed at Kyoto University Hospital in a total of 480 patients with malignancies various sites. Among these, patients with disease of 4 major sites were selected for prognostic analysis. For gastric cancer patients survival was improved by the adjuvant intraoperative radiotherapy compared with gastrectomy alone in those with advanced nodal or serosal involvement [P < 0.05 for n2 + n3' 0.1 > P > 0.05 for s(+)]. Also, the survival for the adjuvant radiotherapy group was significantly improved in patients with stage II-III pancreatic cancer who underwent non-curative resection (P < 0.001). For patients with soft tissue sarcomas of the extremities, intraoperative radiotherapy was performed after the tumours were surgically removed to the greatest e* possible. Operation curability had a great impact on the local tumour control rate (82% for curative resection versus 18% for non-curati resection) and on the long-term survival rates (65% versus 8%, respectively). In patients with osteosarcoma, a large single do* 50-55 Gy was applied to the affected limb in an attempt to achieve local control and limb salvage. By this method, good local control attained, and a 10-year survival rate showed improvement following the introduction of cisplatinum into intensive chemotherapy.
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PMID:Kyoto University experience with intraoperative radiation therapy. 887

The expression of Bfl-1 gene, a novel Bcl-2 related gene, was determined by Northern blot analysis using a radiolabeled cDNA specific for Bfl-1 gene in 82 surgically resected tissue specimens of 28 gastric cancers, 15 colon cancers, nine breast cancers, eight bone and soft tissue sarcomas, five ovarian cancers, nine colon adenomas and eight gastric adenomas. A high rate of expression was observed in gastric and colon cancer, at 86 and 93%, respectively. In breast cancer, bone and soft tissue sarcoma and ovarian cancer, the expression rate was 33, 25 and 40%, respectively. In stomach cancer, the expression rate of Bfl-1 gene in metastatic lymph nodes was 82%, which was higher than 50% of the primary sites (p < 0.02). The intensity of RNA bands of the gastric cancer specimens was compared according to the stage, demonstrating that there was no difference in the expression levels of Bfl-1 gene between the stages in both primary sites and metastatic lymph nodes. Bfl-1 gene was expressed in three (33%) out of nine adenomas of the colon, while it was not detected in all eight gastric adenomas, We also examined the RNA expression of Bfl-1 gene in 22 human cancer cell lines consisting of five stomach cancer, four squamous cell carcinoma, three lung cancer, three cervical cancer, two colon cancer, two brain cancer, two leukemia and one osteosarcoma cell lines. Bfl-1 gene band was detected in one (5%) cervical cancer cell line, SiHa. The results of cancer tissue specimens indicate that Bfl-1 gene may play an important role in carcinogenesis of human cancers and may be involved in a relatively early phase of the adenoma-carcinoma sequence in colon cancer development. However, the mechanism responsible for the very low rate of expression in established cell lines is not clearly understood and further investigation is necessary to clarify the mechanism involved.
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PMID:Expression of a novel Bcl-2 related gene, Bfl-1, in various human cancers and cancer cell lines. 949 79

The pattern of inhibition of cell proliferation and cytotoxicity in vitro by 1,4-bis(1-naphthyl)-2,3-dinitro-1,3-butadiene (Naph-DNB) was evaluated by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and the trypan blue (TB) dye exclusion assays in nine murine and human cell lines of different histologic origin. In our culture conditions Naph-DNB showed a good inhibiting activity against all cell lines tested, with IC(50)s varying within a narrow micromolar range of concentrations (2.0 +/- 0.2-14.3 +/- 2.3 microM). In particular, murine P388 (leukemia), human Jurkat (leukemia), A2780, PA-1 (ovarian carcinoma) and Saos-2 (osteosarcoma) cells showed the highest sensitivity to the inhibiting potential of Naph-DNB, while human A549 (non small cell lung cancer, NSCLC), MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer), HGC-27 (gastric cancer) and HCT-8 (colon carcinoma) were the least sensitive cell lines. Moreover, the analysis of cytotoxicity of Naph-DNB evaluated by the TB test showed that this compound was able to kill cells with IC(50)s ranging from 1.7 to 39.2 microM. The study of the induction of apoptosis was carried out by 4'-6-diamidine-2'-phenylindole (DAPI) staining of segmented nuclei, western blot of p53 protein and TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) method, while the interaction with DNA was evaluated through the analysis of interstrand cross-link (ISCL) formation. Our data show that in all cell lines tested Naph-DNB was able to form ISCLs, to upregulate p53 oncosuppressor-protein and to induce apoptosis. Moreover, TUNEL analysis also suggested that Naph-DNB, similarly to other anticancer drugs, was able to block cells in the G (0)/ G (1) phase of the cell cycle. In conclusion our data suggest that Naph-DNB may be an effective novel lead molecule for the design of new anticancer compounds.
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PMID:Preliminary evaluation in vitro of the inhibition of cell proliferation, cytotoxicity and induction of apoptosis by 1,4-bis(1-naphthyl)-2,3-dinitro-1,3-butadiene. 1529 6


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