Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A remarkable improvement of prognosis has been obtained in surgery for patients with gastric cancer in Japan. This is attributed to the standardization of prophylactic lymphadenectomy and the prescription of adjuvant anticancer chemotherapy. Postoperative long-term cancer chemotherapy (PLCC), available from 1970, using MMC, Tegafur and PSK in addition to curative surgery has prolonged the survival time of patients with serosal and/or secondary lymphatic metastasis. To confirm the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy on a wide basis, the Cooperative Study Group of Surgical Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Gastric Cancer was organized in 1975. The first and the second study revealed that postoperative bolus injection of MMC and long-term administration of Tegafur improved the survival rate of patients with stage III and lymphatic with serosal metastasis. The third pilot study showed that immunotherapy using PSK and/or OK-432 with anticancer drugs might be effective for gastric cancer. To promote extensive investigations of a large number of patients, the Japanese Foundation for Multidisciplinary Treatment of Cancer was founded in 1980, and the first study suggested that immunochemotherapy using MMC, Tegafur, PSK and OK-432 is effective for gastric cancer. Efficacy of MMC and Tegafur treatment was obtained in some types, such as female cases, those with undifferentiated adenocarcinoma of Borrmann types II and IV and those given curative resection. It is therefore necessary to seek a proper regimen for each type of patient for the concept of Type-oriented Therapy (TOT).
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PMID:[Surgery and adjuvant therapy of gastric cancer]. 308 73

A case report on a long-term surviving patient with advanced gastric cancer with supraclavicular lymph node metastasis treated by radiation and chemotherapy is presented. The Borrman type 2 of advanced gastric cancer was found on the greater curvature of the antrum at the first radiological examination. Radiation was administered to the supraclavicular lymph node at 60 Gy and to the stomach at 64 Gy. The patient received mitomycin C (24 mg) and Tegafur (230 g). After completion of the combined therapy the endoscopy revealed an irregular mucosal change with erosion and hemorrhage. Radiological examination revealed atrophic and hyperplastic areas throughout the stomach. These findings lasted more than six years. The patient died of unknown cause in February 1983. She had survived nine years and seven months after her initial diagnosis. Radiotherapy may play a role as a means of radical treatment in certain cases of advanced gastric cancer.
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PMID:A case of advanced gastric cancer with long-term survival as the results of combined radiation therapy and chemotherapy. 309 Mar 15

The effects of PSK in combination with Mitomycin C, Adriamycin and Tegafur were studied in 168 patients who underwent gastrectomy for gastric cancer. The study group receiving PSK showed improved survival and there was a significant difference in the estimated survival. An improved survival rate was also shown at stages III and IV, in the group given an FAM regimen and in the group with well differentiated adenocarcinoma.
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PMID:[Clinical study of PSK as an adjuvant immunochemotherapeutic agent against gastric cancer]. 309 Sep 39

A multi-institutional cooperative study of postoperative immunochemotherapy for gastric cancer was studied using PSK and/or OK-432 combined with Tegafur (FT) and/or MMC. A total of 3,630 gastrectomized patients from 412 institutions were entered into the study using 6 randomly assigned protocols. Unbiased background cases were analyzed by 4-year or 5-year survival rates (SVR) for each protocol. The efficacy of combined PSK with FT was noticed in all cases of curative operation macroscopically and in n(-) X ps(+) cases (4-y SVR). The combination of MMC, FT and PSK produced better survival than MMC with FT or PSK administration in all cases of macroscopic curative operation (5-y SVR) and in non-curative operation (4-y SVR). The combination of MMC, FT, PSK and OK-432 was effective for poorly differentiated cancer (4-y SVR). Immunochemotherapy with MMC, FT, PSK and OK-432 was more effective in patients with preoperative positive PPD skin test than in those with negative PPD skin test. These results suggested that adjuvant immunochemotherapy using PSK and/or OK-432 combined with MMC and FT is effective for the improved survival of gastrectomized patients with gastric cancer.
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PMID:[A multi-institutional study on postoperative adjuvant immunochemotherapy of gastric cancer (II)]. 310 40

This study was carried out with 48 patients received surgery, i.e., 23 stomach cancer, 8 colon cancer, 6 rectal cancer, 9 breast cancer etc. Patients in group A received UFT in combination with OK-432. Each of UFT or OK-432 was given to the patients in groups B or C, respectively. Changes in the skin reaction to Su-PS were measured before and after dosing, and concentrations of Tegafur and 5-FU in serum and tumor tissues were determined after administration. Analysis of the skin reaction to Su-Ps revealed that patients with positive skin reaction before surgery in group A didn't manifest depression due to sensitization by UFT therapy. Although average values of the skin reaction after dosing were slightly lower compared to those before dosing in group B, sensitization was effective. Values of the skin reaction after dosing were significantly (p less than 0.05) high compared to those before dosing in groups A and C. Concentrations of Tegafur and 5-FU in serum reached to the peak 2 hr later and were maintained high enough to expect clinical responses even at 4 hr after administration in groups A and B. Especially there was not a significant difference between groups A and B in tumor tissue levels of 5-FU, and a high effective concentration was obtained. Combination therapy of UFT with OK-432 exhibited no significant interaction between them in adjuvant immuno-chemotherapy, and satisfactory results were expected in clinical cures.
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PMID:[Study on the preoperative adjuvant therapy of cancer--relation between serum and tumor tissue levels of UFT and OK-432 after administration, and skin reactions to Su-polysaccharide (Su-Ps)]. 312 Jun 45

Forty-one patients with advanced gastric cancer underwent gastrectomy, and the correlation between tissue uptake of the adjuvant drug and the prognosis were studied. The patients were preoperatively administered Tegafur and samples of tissue were obtained intraoperatively. 5-FU levels in the tumor and lymphnodes were measured by gas chromato-mass fragmentography (GCMF). The patients measured for 5-FU tissue uptake were given more than 60 g of tegafur as postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, and divided into two groups; one in which the 5-FU uptake by tumor tissue and lymphnode was over 0.05 microgram/g and the other lower than 0.05 microgram/g. In both groups there were no significant differences in background factors. Each survival rate was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method, and the generalized Wilcoxon method was used for statistical analysis. There was no statistically significant correlation between 5-FU uptake by the tumor and the prognosis, but the 5-year survival rate in the group with over 0.05 microgram/g uptake by lymphnodes was statistically significant (p = 0.018).
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PMID:[Uptake of anticancer drugs by target organs and the usefulness of adjuvant chemotherapy]. 313 99

A 75-year-old man with gastric cancer metastatic to the liver was treated by combined administration of Tegafur (800 mg/body/day), 5-fluorouracil (300 mg/body/day) and Mitomycin C (hepatic arterial infusion of 20 mg/body and intravenous infusion of 8 mg/body). The total dose of Tegafur was 5.6 g, that of 5-FU was 11.4 g, and that of MMC was 36 mg for one month and a half. After therapy, primary and metastatic sites was completely disappeared. The patient has survived for 6 years 8 months in a state of complete response.
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PMID:[Complete response in a case of unresectable gastric cancer with a combination of tegafur, 5-fluorouracil and mitomycin C]. 313 91

In patients who have undergone gastrectomy for gastric cancer, the use of adjuvant chemotherapy has now become very widespread in Japan. The possibility of secondary malignancies in these patients emerges as a long-term effect of these therapeutic agents. This collaborative study was done to examine the possibility of secondary malignancies resulting from both operative methods and anticancer agents at the surgical departments of seven major institutions in Japan. The study was carried out using questionnaires for all patients with gastric cancer who had undergone gastrectomy between 1960 and 1975 in those hospitals and who had survived more than one year after gastrectomy. A total of 235 secondary malignancies (2.32%) were noted among 10,138 gastrectomized patients, and 22 cancers of the gastric remnant (0.29%) were recorded among 7,672 subtotal gastrectomized cases. Cancers suspected to be recurrent gastric cancer were all excluded. As to anticancer agents, Mitomycin C (MMC), 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) or Tegafur and Cyclophosphamide (EDX) were analyzed. The occurrence rate of secondary cancers in gastric cancer patients was calculated in many instances by dividing the actual number of secondary cancers by the total time at risk (person-years). Patients with gastric cancer who had undergone gastric resection revealed a lower incidence of secondary malignancies than had been expected. The most common secondary cancers were those occurring in the digestive system, followed by those of the respiratory system. With regard to MMC, 67 secondary cancers (2.21%) occurred in the MMC group and 168 cancers (2.36%) in the non-MMC group. Although the overall incidence of secondary cancers showed no difference between MMC and non-MMC groups, secondary cancers of the digestive system were less common in the MMC group than in the non-MMC group. A total of 22 cancers originated in the gastric remnant out of 7,672 subtotally resected stomachs. The interval between the first operation and cancer of the gastric remnant varied greatly without showing any detectable trend. Nine cancers were observed to involve the anastomotic site while 14 did not involve the anastomotic site. The incidence of cancer of the gastric remnant tended to be slightly higher with the Billroth II method than in the Billroth I method, but there was no difference in the site of secondary malignancy between the two groups.
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PMID:[Secondary malignancies after gastrectomy for gastric cancer]. 372 64

In a retrospective cohort study, a total of 235 (2.32 per cent) second malignancies were clinically observed in 10,138 patients during the average 8.8-year follow-up period. The patients had undergone gastrectomy for gastric cancer during 1960-1975, in seven different institutions. This observed number was smaller than the expected one of 340.9 (p less than 0.01). Among the 235, cancers of the gastrointestinal tract (111) were the most frequent and followed by respiratory (54) and urogenital (25) cancers. Twelve cases of malignant lymphoma and five of leukemia were also noted. With regard to adjuvant chemotherapeutic agents such as mitomycin-C (MMC), 5-fluorouracil (5FU) or its derivative Tegafur, and cyclophosphamide (EDX), no significant differences in the rate of second malignancies were obtained between the chemotherapy and non-chemotherapy groups. The occurrence rate of second malignancies tended to be higher in the Billroth II group than in the Billroth I, the significance of which is yet to be determined.
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PMID:A cohort study on second malignancies in gastrectomized patients with gastric cancer. I. Second malignancies other than cancer of the gastric remnant. 379 28

In a retrospective cohort study, a total of 22 (0.22 per cent) carcinomas of the gastric remnant were clinically observed, as second malignancies, in 7,672 patients during the average of a 9.4-year follow-up period. All had undergone distal subtotal gastrectomy for gastric cancer from 1960-1975 in seven different institutions. Of 22 carcinomas of the gastric remnant, 5 were at the anastomotic site, 14 distant from the anastomosis; the location was unknown in three. All five carcinomas of the anastomotic site occurred after Billroth II operation. Time intervals between the first operation and the occurrence of second cancer varied from two to 21 years. With regard to the administration of adjuvant chemotherapeutic agents such as mitomycin-C (MMC), 5-fluorouracil (5FU) or its derivative Tegafur, no significant differences in the rate of second malignancies were obtained between the chemotherapy and non-chemotherapy groups. The occurrence rate of cancer of the gastric remnant between Billroth I and Billroth II groups showed no statistically significant difference, although it did tend to be slightly higher in the latter.
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PMID:A cohort study on second malignancies in gastrectomized patients with gastric cancer. II. Second malignancies in the gastric remnant. 379 29


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