Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cisplatin (100 mg) was given by intraperitoneal infusion to 23 patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis. Eighteen patients had gastric cancer, and five had colorectal cancer. The effects of this therapy were as follows. 1) In gastric cancer patients, the mean survival period was 11.0 months. The cumulative survival rate was superior at the level of statistical significance in comparison with controls. 2) The side effects of this agent given intraperitoneally were mild. In particular, nausea was slightly less than with intravesicular or intraarterial infusion.
 ...
PMID:[Intraperitoneal cisplatin in peritoneal carcinomatosis patients]. 404 May 82

Antitumor activity of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) (cisplatin) on various mouse transplantable tumors was investigated. Cisplatin was active against a wide variety of the following tumor systems: L1210 leukemia, P388 leukemia, B16 melanoma, colon tumor 38, Ehrlich ascites and solid carcinoma, WHT squamous cell carcinoma, and human stomach cancer G/S heterotransplanted in nude mice. From the comparison of growth inhibitory effect by cisplatin with various other antitumor agents in cultured Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells, cisplatin was found to be mainly a concentration depending drug, but also time depending, so that it was identified as a type Ib class drug proposed by Shimoyama. Effect of cisplatin on the cell cycle progression of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells in mice was studied by flow cytometry of DNA. At an early stage after administration of cisplatin, cell cycle progression was delayed in S phase and blocked in G2 phase. With the elapse of time block in G1 phase or G1-S boundary was observed and the cell population, partially synchronized in G1 phase or G1-S boundary, progressed slowly through S phase to be blocked in G2 phase finally.
 ...
PMID:[Antitumor activity of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) and its effect on cell cycle progression]. 689 96

In the preclinical study of a new combination therapy for gastric cancer, dFTP, consisting of doxifluridine (5'-DFUR), pirarubicin (THP) and cisplatin (DDP) as a modification of conventional FAP regimen (5-fluorouracil+Adriamycin+DDP), we compared antitumor and toxic effects of two sequential treatment schedules, single injection of DDP before or after 4 daily administrations of 5'-DFUR, on 5 strains of human gastric cancer bearing nude mice. Results indicated that both schedules of the dFTP regimen had potent antitumor effects. There was no significant difference between them. On the other hand, in terms of the host toxicity as observed by body weight loss, the post-DDP schedule was significantly less toxic than pre-DDP. These results suggest that dFTP regimen (post-DDP schedule) may be useful for clinical treatment of gastric cancers.
 ...
PMID:[Combination therapy of doxifluridine, pirarubicin and cisplatin for human gastric cancers implanted in nude mice]. 757 12

Combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy can be used in order to improve control and survival rates of solid tumors A concomitant radio-chemotherapy schedule optimizes interactions between chemotherapy and radiotherapy compared to a sequential approach. Experimental data try to explain these interactions at tissular, cellular or molecular levels. Cisplatin, 5 FU, mitomycin C, etoposide and hydroxyurea are particularly efficient to sensitize radiation treatment in order to obtain a supra-additive effect. Therapeutic gain without excess of toxicity should be the aim of clinical trials. This goal may have been achieved for some tumors, specially for oesophageal, rectal, pancreatic and anus cancer. For other tumors (head and neck, lung, bladder, uterine, cervix and gastric cancer) there is strong experimental and clinical support to continue this approach by clinical trials.
 ...
PMID:Concomitant chemotherapy and radiotherapy: theoretical basis and clinical experience. 782 72

We retrospectively evaluated the clinical usefulness of the succinate dehydrogenase inhibition (SDI) test as a chemosensitivity test, using 168 resected specimens of gastric cancer, with special reference to the correlation between the results of the SDI test and clinical effects of the corresponding chemotherapy. The rate of sensitivity of these tissues to DDP, CQ, ACR, MMC, ADM, and 5-FU were 63.5%, 54.2%, 47.4%, 42.9%, 31.4%, and 10.8%, respectively. Survival rates for patients with a positive chemosensitivity to MMC and postoperatively prescribed more than 20 mg of MMC were significantly better than those without sensitivity to MMC, even when treated with MMC, although no statistical differences existed in clinicopathologic factors between the two groups. We conclude that the SDI test for human gastric cancer is a rapid, reliable, and useful assay to determine the compatibility between the results of assay and the clinical effects of corresponding chemotherapy. We propose that the regimen of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy be tailored according to results of the SDI test, using tissues resected from individual patients.
 ...
PMID:Clinical value of SDI test for predicting effect of postoperative chemotherapy for patients with gastric cancer. 805 84

A new combined cancer chemotherapy regimen of mitomycin C (MMC) and cisplatin (DDP) showed synergistic antitumor activity against human gastric cancer xenografts St-40 and SC-1-NU in BALB/c nu/nu mice. The drugs were administered intraperitoneally at doses of 2 or 4 mg/kg for MMC and 3 or 6 mg/kg for DDP, respectively. To clarify the schedule-dependent antitumor activity of MMC and DDP against St-40 and SC-1-NU, different sequential therapies were conducted. Simultaneous administration of these agents showed the highest antitumor activity against SC1-NU among the three regimens used, whereas the sequence of MMC followed by DDP showed higher antitumor activity than the reverse sequence against St-40. The intratumoral concentration of platinum was significantly increased in St-40 treated with the sequence MMC to DDP, in comparison with the sequence DDP to MMC. The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of this combination was 4 mg MMC plus 6 mg DDP per kg in all the combinations, and these MTDs were 2/3 of the corresponding values for their single use. Since this combination increased the antitumor activity of each single agent without any increase in their toxicity, it would appear to be useful clinically.
 ...
PMID:Synergistic antitumor activity of combination chemotherapy with mitomycin C and cisplatin against human gastric cancer xenografts in nude mice. 805 50

Intraperitoneal chemotherapy has been attempted to treat peritoneal seeding in patients with gastric cancer. In this study, 13 patients with far advanced gastric cancer were given a complex chemotherapy regimen, cisplatin and etoposide, intraperitoneally during surgery. Cisplatin and etoposide was given 100 mg/body (58-90 mg/m2) and 200 mg/body (115-180 mg/m2), respectively, before closing the abdominal wall. There was one operative death who had an unresectable gastric cancer and died due to respiratory insufficiency, probably related to the drugs. There were no critical side effects due to the drugs among patients who underwent gastrectomy. Postoperative complications encountered were 2 cases of leukopenia, 2 of vomiting, 2 of renal impairment and 1 of liver dysfunction. These complications were transient and limited. The median survival duration was 7.0 months in this study. Thus, intraperitoneal cisplatin and etoposide should be examined for clinical use in larger scale trials.
 ...
PMID:Intraperitoneal administration of cisplatin and etoposide during surgery for patients with gastric cancer. 813 89

A pharmacokinetic comparison was made between nude mice and human gastric cancer patients. This comparison is important in order to optimize the human tumor xenograft-nude mouse system as a screening panel for potential antitumor agents. In this report, mitomycin C (MMC), doxorubicin (DXR), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin (DDP) were administered to nude mice bearing human tumor subcutaneous xenografts in maximum tolerated doses and to patients with gastric cancer at conventional doses. The concentrations of antitumor agents in serum and tumor were detected by bioassay for MMC and 5-FU, by high performance liquid chromatography for DXR, and by atomic absorption method for DDP. Peak drug concentrations in the serum (Cmax) the mice and humans correlated well with statistical significance (R = 0.999, P < 0.0001). When Cmax and drug concentrations in the tumor (T) the mice and human were compared with each other to evaluate the uptake of drugs into the tumor from the serum and calculated as T/Cmax, similar results were observed for the same agent with statistical significance (r = 0.990, p < 0.02). These results indicate that the human tumor xenograft-nude mouse system and humans are essentially similar pharmacodynamically, which further validates the uses of this system to evaluate potential antitumor agents.
 ...
PMID:Similarity of serum-tumor pharmacokinetics of antitumor agents in man and nude mice. 823 25

An attempt was made to evaluate the enhancement of the antitumor activity of cisplatin (DDP) by buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) in vitro and in vivo. In the in vitro study, pre-treatment with BSO (5, 10 and 25 mM) increased the antitumor activity of DDP against the gastric cancer cell lines MKN-28 and MKN-45, whereas BSO alone exhibited only slight antitumor activity (inhibition rate, 20-30%). In the in vivo study, the antitumor effects of DDP against human gastric cancer xenografts St-15 and SC-1-NU in BALB/c nu/nu mice were enhanced pretreatment with BSO, which was administered intraperitoneally at a dose of 500 mg/kg according to a schedule of qd x 3. BSO alone showed no antitumor effects against these tumors in nude mice. The side effects (assessed in terms of death rate and body weight loss) associated with the maximum tolerated dose of DDP (9 mg/kg) were not increased by BSO pretreatment. As BSO increased the antitumor activity of DDP without a corresponding increment of its toxicity, BSO appears to be a promising agent for further study.
 ...
PMID:Enhancement of antitumor activity of cisplatin on human gastric cancer cells in vitro and in vivo by buthionine sulfoximine. 837 Jun 54

The effectiveness of the intraperitoneal administration of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) for peritoneal carcinomatosis by gastric cancers was evaluated through experimental and clinical studies. In experimental studies, the effect of sodium thiosulfate (STS) on cytotoxic activity of DDP was evaluated by MTT assay using human gastric cancer cell lines. The cytotoxic activity of DDP was reduced by 50% with 100-fold STS in the area under the curve (AUC), whereas 10-fold STS in AUC did not reduce the cytotoxicity of DDP. In clinical studies, patients were treated with one of three protocols: Group A was treated by the intraperitoneal injection (ip) of DDP at a dose of 70 mg/m2, and group B or C was treated by ip DDP at a dose of 110 mg/m2 with or without STS rescue. The pharmacodynamics and the adverse effects of treatments were evaluated between these three protocols. In group C, the means of AUC of STS were 2.43-, 10.8- and 86.8-fold those of total platinum in the peritoneal cavity, plasma, and urine, respectively. There were 1/5, 1/2 and 2/2 partial responses in peritoneal carcinomatosis patients treated with A, B and C. Renal toxicity was not observed in the patients treated with DDP and STS rescue. STS does not seem to reduce the antitumor activity of DDP in peritoneal cavity and plasma, while the renal cytotoxicity was reduced by STS rescue. The result led us to conclude that intraperitoneal DDP treatment combined with STS rescue would be useful chemotherapy against peritoneal carcinomatosis by gastric cancer.
 ...
PMID:[Intraperitoneal administration of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) for peritoneal carcinomatosis caused by gastric cancers]. 837 38


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>