Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

EGF is reported to have a potent protective effect on peptic ulcer formation in rats. In this study, we measured the IR-hEGF concentrations in the saliva of normal human subjects and patients with peptic ulcer disease or non-peptic ulcer gastroduodenal disease. In normal subjects, the level of salivary IR-hEGF was highest in the early morning, and the values in individuals on different days showed small variations. There were no sex differences or age-related changes in the salivary IR-hEGF levels. The concentrations of the peptide were lower in patients in the active (0.96 +/- 26 ng/ml, mean +/- SE, n = 4) and healing stages (1.06 +/- 0.24 ng/ml, n = 8) of peptic ulcer disease as compared with those in normal subjects (3.19 +/- 0.46 ng/ml, n = 47). No significant differences in salivary IR-hEGF levels were observed between normal subjects and patients in the scaring stage of peptic ulcer disease (2.40 +/- 0.42 ng/ml, n = 21), or those with gastric cancer (2.44 +/- 0.27 ng/ml, n = 21) and atrophic or superficial gastritis (2.31 +/- 0.34 ng/ml, n = 28). Although the pathophysiological significance of these lower salivary IR-hEGF levels in patients with peptic ulcer disease is unclear, it is possible that the low level of hEGF in saliva may decrease the resistance of the mucosa to physicochemical stress, and thus participate in the development of the diseases.
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PMID:Salivary immunoreactive human epidermal growth factor (IR-hEGF) in patients with peptic ulcer disease. 349 70

A large amount of an immunoreactive factor was detected in the medium conditioned by human gastric cancer cells, strain MKN-45, by our enzyme immunoassay system for human epidermal growth factor (hEGF) based on hEGF isolated from urine. However, the dose-response curve of the immunoreactive factor (designated as MKN-45 EGF) was not parallel with the standard curve of hEGF. The molecular weight of MKN-45 EGF was slightly larger than that of hEGF and was estimated to be 7,000-8,000 by gel filtration on Sephadex G-50. On isoelectric focusing analysis, MKN-45 EGF gave a major peak at pH 5.0 and a minor one at pH 4.3. These results demonstrate that MKN-45 cells synthesize and secrete into the culture medium a polypeptide immunologically related to hEGF.
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PMID:Synthesis and secretion of an hEGF-like immunoreactive factor by human gastric cancer cells (MKN-45). 350 41

By using our two-site enzyme immunoassay (EIA) system, the levels of human epidermal growth factor (hEGF) in the urine of patients with various gastrointestinal diseases including malignant tumors were measured. Urinary excretion of hEGF in patients having undergone gastric resection, expressed as a function of creatinine, was found to be somewhat decreased. While the levels of hEGF in patients with gastric cancer were significantly increased. Then, the molecular features of hEGF in the urine of patients with gastric cancer were examined by gel filtration. The elution profile demonstrated that high molecular weight components, which immunologically cross-reacted with hEGF, were considerably increased. On the other hand, the level of normal EGF with a molecular weight of 6500 was decreased to some extent. These results suggest that processing of the EGF precursor into an active EGF molecule is partially suppressed in patients with gastric cancer.
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PMID:Assessment by a two-site enzyme immunoassay of human epidermal growth factor (urogastrone) in the urine of patients with various gastrointestinal diseases including malignant tumors. 393 28

We report on the establishment and characterization of a scirrhous gastric cancer cell line, designated OCUM-2M, derived from a 49-year-old Japanese female. OCUM-2M was derived from a primary tumor of stomach taken by total gastrectomy. The cell line grew singly or in clusters in the cultured medium. The cell line continued to multiply for more than one year. Doubling time was 37.3 hours, chromosomal mode was 70. The DNA ploidy pattern was aneuploid and DNA index was 1.59. It produced several tumor-associated antigens such as CEA, CA19-9, SLX and SPan-1. The cell line was transplantable in athymic BALB/c nude mice, and histological findings of the xenografted tumor showed poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. The growth of OCUM-2M was stimulated following the addition of EGF, b-FGF and KGF, and decreased following the addition of TGF-beta 1. This cell line is useful in vitro and in vivo systems for studies of the biology of scirrhous gastric carcinoma.
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PMID:[Establishment of a new scirrhous gastric cancer cell line OCUM-2M from a primary gastric tumor]. 773 Oct 88

The expression of PCNA and EGF gamma in chemically induced hepatocellular carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma cells from rats were observed with immunohistochemical techniques. The results showed that the carcinoma cells of both tumors revealed a positive immunoreaction to both factors. According to the amount of MC surrounding the tumor cell nests, the specimens could be divided into two groups: the group with abundant MC infiltration and the group with little or no MC infiltration. The PCNA positive cells in carcinoma cell nests of both groups were calculated respectively. It revealed that the amount of PCNA positive cells in the group with little or no MC was significantly more than that in the other group. The ratio between the 2 groups in liver carcinoma was approximately 3:1 and in stomach cancer it was 2:1. An overexpression of EGF gamma was observed in tumor tissues of both groups, but the amount of EGF gamma positive cells in the group with little or no MC was much higher than that of the group with abundant MC.
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PMID:[The expression of PCNA and EGF gamma in tumor cells of experimental hepatocellular carcinoma of liver and squamous cell carcinoma of stomach in rats]. 787 58

The EGF stimulation system for growth regulation is implicated in normal and neoplastic cell proliferation. The role of EGF, the EGF receptor, and c-erbB-2 in human gastric cancer is reviewed on the basis of several reports, which have been mainly oriented toward their clinical significance. EGF has been shown immunohistochemically to be present in 26% of gastric cancers (n = 395). The presence of EGF in gastric cancer is correlated with the degree of gastric wall invasion and lymph node metastasis. The 5-year survival of patients with EGF-positive tumors is worse than that of patients with EGF-negative tumors. The presence of EGF in human gastric cancer may therefore represent a higher malignant potential. Fifteen percent of gastric cancers (n = 352) were also shown to be positive for both EGF and the EGF receptor immunohistochemically, and the simultaneous occurrence of EGF and the EGF receptor suggests that these tumors grow in an autocrine fashion. Tumors exhibiting EGF and the EGF receptor simultaneously show a greater degree of local invasion and lymph node metastasis. Increased expression of EGF receptor protein in gastric cancer appears to be related to biologic aggressiveness, although gene amplification has occurred only to a small extent. Twelve percent of gastric cancers (n = 486) were found to be positive for c-erbB-2. This type of tumor has a frequent metastasis, and patients with c-erbB-2-positive cancer have a poorer prognosis than those with c-erbB-2-negative tumors. Selective blockade of the EGF receptor and c-erbB-2 from their ligands with monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) inhibits the growth of human gastric cancer xenografts. These MoAbs may therefore be effective antitumor agents against gastric cancer showing overexpression of EGF receptors or c-erbB-2.
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PMID:Clinical significance of epidermal growth factor (EGF), EGF receptor, and c-erbB-2 in human gastric cancer. 788 68

AGS human gastric cancer cells were characterized to possess EGF receptors. Scatchard analysis revealed a half saturation constant of 0.6 nM and 9000 receptors per cell. Exogenously added EGF stimulated gastric cancer cell growth in a dose-dependent manner with a maximum effect of +38% at 10 nM EGF. Inhibition of the EGFR-associated tyrosine kinase by genistein and the tyrphostins RG-13022, RG-14620 and RG-50864 resulted in a dose-dependent growth inhibition with half maximal inhibition at 10 microM, 7 microM and 23 microM, respectively. EGF mediated growth stimulation was dose-dependently reversed by coincubation with genistein. At genistein concentrations exceeding 6 microM serum-stimulated growth of AGS cancer cells was also inhibited. We conclude that EGF is an important growth factor for AGS gastric cancer cells. Inhibition of the EGFR-associated tyrosine kinase seems to be an effective antiproliferative principle in EGFR-positive human gastric cancer cells.
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PMID:Antiproliferative effect of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in epidermal growth factor-stimulated growth of human gastric cancer cells. 829 23

Forty fresh gastric cancer specimens were examined by immunohistological staining using anti-BrdU monoclonal antibody, and simultaneously the specimens were studied by DNA ploidy pattern, EGF with flowcytometer and the immunohistological staining. For EGF study, the same 40 gastric cancer formalin fixed specimens were used. The results of flowcytometric measurement were divided into diploid and aneuploid patterns. BrdU positive stained cancer cells were observed in growing border area than in the center of tumor, and histologically in P(+), n(+), ps(+), INF gamma, and in scirrhous type, deep spread type and advanced stage. This data suggested that the BrdU labeling index seemed to be related to invasion, proliferation, and metastasis of cancer cells. However the positive rates of EGF were higher in ps(+), deep spread type and BrdU positive type but not in P(+), n(+), and EGF was considered to related to invasion but not to be related to metastasis. Although aneuploid pattern cancer showed high BrdU labeling index in ps(+), diploid pattern didn't indicate such tendency. High BrdU positive rate aneuploid cancer were seemed to grow quickly, advance in short period and own worse character. Further investigation would be necessary.
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PMID:[Clinical study on the cell kinetics of gastric cancer using bromodeoxyuridine labeling index--its relations with DNA ploidy pattern and epidermal growth factor]. 843 51

Epidemiological studies have consistently shown an association between infection of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) and duodenal ulcer (DU) and gastric cancer. The mechanism of the ulcerogenic effect of Hp has been related to excessive gastrin release, gastric acid hypersecretion and gastric metaplasia in duodenum. The implication of Hp in gastric carcinogenesis has not been explained. In this study, mucosal expression of EGF and TGF alpha and luminal release of EGF as well as basal and pentagastrin-stimulated acid secretion and plasma gastrin levels have been determined in healthy subjects, gastric carcinoma and DU patients. It was found that Hp positive DU patients show excessive gastrin release and gastric acid secretion combined with increased expression and luminal release of EGF and TGF alpha. These changes returned to normal values two years after the eradication of Hp. Gastric cancer patients also showed increased expression of EGF and TGF alpha and highly increased plasma gastrin but their gastric acid secretion was markedly reduced possibly due to atrophy of oxyntic mucosa. This study indicates that overexpression of growth factors in gastric mucosa may be implicated in the pathogenesis of both duodenal ulcer and gastric cancer and that Hp positive hypochlorhydric and hypergastrinemic patients may be predisposed to development of gastric cancer.
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PMID:Gastric mucosal expression and luminal release of growth factors in gastric carcinoma and duodenal ulcer patients before and after eradication of Helicobacter pylori. 937 20

To investigate whether gastric epithelial cells secrete growth factors involved in stromal cell growth, we examined the effects of conditioned media obtained from gastric cancer cells on murine BALB/c 3T3 cells and primary cultured human gastric fibroblasts. Conditioned media from MKN-1 gastric cancer cells were applied to a heparin-affinity column. The fraction eluted from the column at 0.4 M NaCl stimulated DNA synthesis and phosphorylation of PDGF alpha-receptors on tyrosine in BALB/c 3T3 cells. The fraction-induced stimulation of DNA synthesis in gastric fibroblasts was more marked than in BALB/c 3T3 cells. However, the fraction failed to stimulate DNA synthesis in CHO-ER cells overexpressing EGF receptors and phosphorylation of PDGF beta-receptors on tyrosine in BALB/c 3T3 cells. Immunoblot analysis of the media confirmed that PDGF-AA-like peptides are released from gastric cancer cells, immortalized gastric epithelial cells, and primary cultured gastric epithelial cells. Anti-PDGF neutralizing antibodies produced only a partial inhibition of 0.4 M NaCl fraction-induced enhanced DNA synthesis. Thus, in addition to PDGF-AA peptide, other bioactive substance(s) are probably released from MKN-1 gastric cancer cells. Our results suggest that gastric epithelial cells secrete PDGF-AA-like peptides responsible for stromal cell growth through paracrine mechanisms.
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PMID:Gastric epithelial cells secrete a PDGF-like peptide, a potent mitogen for human gastric fibroblasts. 942 Dec 14


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