Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Intestinal metaplasia (IM) foci in 19 antral and 14 fundal gastric biopsies from patients with chronic atrophic gastritis were studied immunohistochemically for the presence of CALLA antigen. In only 2 cases were metaplastic glands completely negative, in 14 cases they were all positive, and in 17 cases variable proportions of CALLA positive and negative metaplastic glands were present. Complete IM seems to be less frequent than the incomplete type when the presence of CALLA is taken in consideration. CALLA is obviously a much better marker for complete or incomplete small IM. The possible importance of the presence of CALLA in IM foci for the future development of gastric cancer is discussed.
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PMID:Common acute lymphoplastic leukemia antigen (CALLA) and intestinal metaplasia. 297 62

The usefulness of optimized and newly elaborated histochemical methods for proteinases is illustrated on two selected substances. DAP IV (Gly-Pro-MNA,FBB,pH 7.2) was discovered in 39% and DAP II (Lys-Ala-MNA,FBB,pH 5.5) in 60% of the lymphocytes of human peripheral blood (ly). The reaction product of such ly differs in quality and quantity. On the ultrastructural level, the reaction product of DAP IV (Gly-Pro-MNA,HNF) was found in cell membranes and lysosomes. Enzyme activity in other areas was probably suppressed during the preparation procedure. Although the number of ly revealed with Lys-Pro-MNA and Phe-Pro-MNA at pH 5.5 and with Lys-Pro-MNA at pH 7.2 is high, these substrates do not distinctly discriminate DAP IV and DAP II. DAP IV occurs exclusively in T lymphocytes. The number of DAP IV-positive ly was not decreased in patients with myelofibrosis, plasmacytoma, chronic granulocytic leukemia, or tricholeukemia. It was, however, greatly reduced in chronic lymphatic leukemia (CLL). In patients with malignant lymphomas other than CLL, ly presence is related to the stage of the disease. Decreased values indicate a more severe stage or a relapse. In the majority of patients with gastric cancer DAP IV-positive ly were decreased. They were normal or increased in patients with peptic ulcer. The assessment of the number of DAP IV-positive ly is a simple method that provides information regarding the condition of patients with malignant lymphomas and gastric carcinoma. Neutrophilic leukocytes and their precursors, and to a lesser extent monocytes, are revealed when N-acetyl-Met-I-naphthyl ester (Ac-Met-N) is used as substrate. Membrane-bound lysosomal and cytosol proteinases were investigated together with disaccharidases in jejunal biopsies of patients with malabsorption syndrome. Activities of all enzymes were affected in patients with celiac disease. According to their impairment enzymes could be arranged: Lactase(L). trehalase (T), brush border endopeptidase (BBEP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), DAP IV, enzyme(s) cleaving Ac-Mer-N, aminopeptidase A, cytosol peptidases and aminopeptidase M. In the propria, DAP IV is decreased or absent, while GGT and, particularly, DAP II are increased. After a gluten-free diet, activities are restored in a reverse order. BBEP and GGT are useful as auxiliary parameters in the assessment of the damage or differentiation degree of enterocytes. DAP IV is a sensitive indicator of the involvement of the propria.
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PMID:Proteinases in pathology. Usefulness of histochemical methods. 701 84

We examined 55 patients (40 male, 15 female) who were diagnosed from 1987 to 1991 as having early gastric cancer (EGC) stage I according to the general rules of classification of the Japanese Research Society for Gastric Cancer. Of the 55 patients, 42 (30 male, 12 female) were alive in April 1992. The prognosis correlated well with the ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes (N/L ratio) but not with the total number of white blood cells in the peripheral blood. The patients were divided into two groups according to their N/L ratio. Of the 29 patients with an N/L ratio less than 2, 27 were alive in 1992, whereas only 15 of the 26 patients with an N/L ratio of 2 or more were alive (chi2 analysis, P=0.0022). We further examined the phenotypes of neutrophils from 29 other patients with EGC at the time of diagnosis before surgical operation. These patients were divided into two groups: 17 patients with a low N/L ratio (less than 2) and 12 patients with a high N/L ratio (2 or more). CD10 and CD35 expressions on neutrophils from the patients with a low N/L ratio were lower than those from the patients with a high N/L ratio. The N/L ratio correlated well with both CD10 and CD35 expression, whereas no correlation was observed between the numbers of neutrophils and the expression of these phenotypes. The respiratory burst of neutrophils from the patients with a high N/L ratio was higher than that of neutrophils from the patients with a low N/L ratio, though there was no correlation in the phagocytic activity between both groups. It was thus suggested that the heterogeneity of neutrophils is, at least partly, related to the prognosis of patients with EGC.
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PMID:The ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes and the phenotypes of neutrophils in patients with early gastric cancer. 969 41

We investigated the biologic behavior of gastric phenotype carcinoma of the stomach, especially in association with degradation of the extracellular matrix. One hundred fourteen lesions of intramucosal gastric carcinoma (IMGC) of differentiated type were studied. IMGCs were classified into 4 phenotypic categories--complete intestinal type (C type), incomplete intestinal type (I type), gastric type (G type), and unclassified type--through a combination of the expression of CD10, MUC2, HGM, and Con A. The expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-2, and type IV collagen was investigated by immunohistochemical staining. The incidence of C-type IMGC, I-type IMGC, and G-type IMGC was 7.9%, 55.3%, and 36.8%, respectively. The incidence of positive MMP-9 expression in G-type IMGCs (57%) was significantly higher than that in C-type IMGCs (11%) or I-type IMGCs (35%) (P < .01). There was no significant correlation between phenotypes and expression of MMP-2, TIMP-2, or type IV collagen. There was a reverse correlation between the expression of type IV collagen and the expression of type IV collagenase (P < .001). In conclusion, gastric phenotype carcinomas have been shown to be highly invasive and metastatic, However, although they can potentially degrade the extracellular matrix via overexpression of MMPs compared with intestinal phenotype carcinoma, our data show no statistically significant separation of subtypes of intramucosal gastric cancer based on gross classification, histologic type, lymphatic or venous invasion, or lymph node metastases.
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PMID:Relationship between biologic behavior and phenotypic expression in intramucosal gastric carcinomas. 1182 76

Primary hepatic lymphoma, mostly diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, is a rare disease. We describe an extremely rare case of low-grade B-cell lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type occurring in the liver. A 61-year-old man with a history of hepatitis A presented with early gastric cancer and a liver mass. Needle biopsy of the liver tumor suggested low-grade B-cell lymphoma by histology and polymerase chain reaction of the immunoglobulin heavy chain gene. The tumor (3.4 x 2.8 x 2.4 cm) was completely resected from the anterior segment of the right lobe of the liver. Atypical lymphoid cells of small to intermediate size proliferated in the tumor, and lymphoepithelial lesions were recognized. Immunohistochemically, lymphoma cells were positive for CD20 and negative for CD5, CD10, and cyclin D1. Staging procedures showed no lymphoma lesion other than the liver tumor. Thus, the patient was diagnosed with low-grade hepatic marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of the MALT type. The patient has been followed up for 1.5 years since surgical resection with no recurrence. The clinicopathologic characteristics and management of this rare disease are discussed.
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PMID:Primary hepatic low-grade B-cell lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type: a case report and review of the literature. 1184 97

We examined which, and how many, mucin markers are necessary to define the phenotypes of gastric cancers, and re-evaluated the incidence of their mucin phenotypes and whether minute gastric carcinomas arise as unclassified type. Well-differentiated-type minute gastric carcinomas (n = 33) measuring <or=5 mm were examined using human gastric mucin (HGM) and MUC5AC, MUC6 and M-GGMC-1 (or paradoxical concanavalin A type III mucin (Con A)), MUC2 and CD10 stains, and a new method to separate the previous intestinal type into intestinal type and small intestinal type. The phenotypes of carcinomas were classified into gastric, gastrointestinal, intestinal, small intestinal, and unclassified types. MUC5AC or HGM, MUC6, MUC2, and CD10 stains were all necessary to define gastric cancer phenotypes. The incidence of gastric, gastrointestinal, intestinal, small intestinal, and unclassified type was 6%, 49%, 0%, 45%, and 0%, respectively, when the percentage of positive mucin phenotype was set at >0%, and was 33%, 33%, 3%, 30%, and 0%, respectively, when the percentage of positive mucin phenotype was set at >or=10%. Thus, a panel of MUC5AC (or HGM), MUC6, MUC2 and CD10 stains is indispensable for accurately determining the mucin phenotypes of gastric carcinomas, and the above-mentioned classification is important for studying changes in the histological types of well-differentiated-type adenocarcinomas during change to the poorly differentiated type, as well as corresponding genetic abnormalities.
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PMID:Re-evaluation of mucin phenotypes of gastric minute well-differentiated-type adenocarcinomas using a series of HGM, MUC5AC, MUC6, M-GGMC, MUC2 and CD10 stains. 1508 35

Due to their extracellular orientation, the ectopeptidases CD10, CD13, CD26, and CD143 have numerous functions, including the post-secretory processing of the neuropeptides and peptide hormones involved in the regulation of growth and differentiation in the gastrointestinal tract. We investigated the transcription and expression pattern of these four ectopeptidases in gastric carcinomas (GC), the corresponding non-neoplastic epithelium, a selection of lymph node metastases (LNM), and the MKN28, AGS, NCI-N87, KATO III gastric cancer cell lines. The gastric foveolar epithelium did not express CD10, CD13, or CD143, but the intestinal metaplasia demonstrated strong immunoreactivity at the brush border for all four ectopeptidases. CD10, CD13, and CD143 were significantly up-regulated in GCs and the lymph node metastases, confirming that they are important for the tumor cell biology. However, there is a lack of correlation between expression in intestinal metaplasia and tumor, as well as in tumor and LNM. Cell proliferation assays were performed with MKN28 and AGS, in which inhibition of CD10 significantly reduced the growth of both cell lines, and inhibition of CD13 significantly increased the proliferation of the AGS cells, indicating that the ability to degrade gastrointestinal peptides may play an important role in the pathobiology of gastric cancer.
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PMID:The ectopeptidases CD10, CD13, CD26, and CD143 are upregulated in gastric cancer. 1549 9

We have proposed to divide intestinal metaplasia (IM) into two categories, i.e., a mixed gastric and intestinal (GI) type, and a solely intestinal (I) type, based on the residual gastric phenotype cells. The GI-mixed-type IM can be identified by the presence of both cells with either gastric or intestinal phenotypes in a single gland. This study is conducted to elucidate whether cells in the GI-mixed-type IM glands can simultaneously present both gastric and intestinal phenotypes. MUC5AC, MUC2, CD10 and villin expressions were investigated in 20 samples from five gastric cancer cases, directly using either AlexaFluor 488- or 568-labeled specific monoclonal antibodies and observed by fluorescent microscopy and confocal laser-scanning microscopy. GI-mixed IM glands comprise a population expressing MUC5AC and MUC2, MUC5AC and villin, and MUC5AC and CD10. MUC2 and villin expressions were reciprocally increased with decreasing MUC5AC expression, while CD10 expression was limited to cells with only a residual MUC5AC expression or no expression. These results suggest that a heterogeneous cell population with both gastric and intestinal phenotypes would develop into a single intestinal phenotype, as reflected in the progression of intestinal metaplasia from GI-mixed-type- to I-type IM-type glands.
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PMID:Mixed gastric- and intestinal-type metaplasia is formed by cells with dual intestinal and gastric differentiation. 1563 40

Previous reports suggest that hybrid goblet cells (HGCs) sharing both gastric and intestinal mucin phenotypes are rarely observed in complete intestinal metaplasia (cIM) of the stomach. However, we have made a different observation. Thus, we compared the incidence and distribution of HGCs within the tubules of gastric cIM and the duodenum in order to define the significance of HGCs. Fifteen antral sections and 16 fundic sections from tissue with cIM and gastric cancer, as well as 19 sections from duodenal tissue with cancer of the Papilla of Vater, were stained for human gastric mucin (HGM), Con A, MUC2, CD10, and Ki-67. Multivariate analysis showed that antral location, a distance of 5mm or less from the tumor margin, and the presence of underlying pyloric glands were significant predictive factors for tubules containing >50% HGCs as part of their goblet cell population. The incidence of tubules with HGCs differed significantly in tissue samples from the antrum, body and duodenum. HGCs did not stain for Ki-67 and were not surrounded by gastric foveolar-type epithelium within the tubules of cIM foci. These findings indicate that alterations in the proportion of HGCs may occur under some circumstances, and that HGCs are not precursors to gastric foveolar-type cells in the stomach and duodenum.
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PMID:Incidence and distribution of hybrid goblet cells in complete type intestinal metaplasia of the stomach. 1580 6

Gastric cancers with liver metastasis are fatal diseases with rapid progression and poor patient outcome. To date, however, the molecular basis of their growth and metastasis remains essentially unknown, largely because of the presence of few available gastric cancer cell lines established from liver metastasis. In the present study, we developed two novel cultured cell lines (designated GLM-1 and GLM-2) and one transplantable line in nude mice (designated GLM-3) derived from liver metastasis of gastric cancer patients. These GLM cell lines share unique biological features such as differentiation, growth and metastasis. They form moderately differentiated tumors with CD10 positive and MUC2 negative intestinal absorptive phenotype when injected into nude mice. Their growth is stimulated by EGF and TGF-alpha in vitro like other gastric cancer cell lines. However, GLM cells differ from conventional gastric cancer cell lines in their high apoptotic rate, even in the absence of apoptosis inducing stimuli as revealed by Caspase3/7 assay and the TUNEL method. This apoptosis is further enhanced by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor (LY294002), but not by MEK1/2 inhibitor (U0126), indicating the strong dependency of their survival on PI3K/Akt pathway rather than MAPK pathway, the major downstream signaling pathways of EGFR. GLM-1 cells can metastasize to the liver after intrasplenic injection, and GLM-3 cells have spontaneous lung metastatic potential after subcutaneous transplantation, respectively. These results indicate that the GLM series are the first cell lines reflecting the intestinal-type differentiated adenocarcinoma, a major subtype of gastric cancer with liver metastasis. Therefore, they would be excellent models for understanding the mechanism of metastatic growth and the development of a new molecular targeting therapy for gastric cancer with liver metastasis.
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PMID:Establishment and characterization of three novel human gastric cancer cell lines with differentiated intestinal phenotype derived from liver metastasis. 1608 34


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