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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

High-molecular-weight DNAs from 43 human primary tumor tissues were examined by Southern blot hybridization for possible rearrangement and/or amplification of the following protooncogenes: the c-myc, c-erbB-1, N-myc, c-mos and c-fos genes. In an adenosquamous cell carcinoma of the stomach, the c-myc and c-erbB-1 genes were found to be simultaneously amplified 5- and 30-fold, respectively. Cooperative expression of the amplified c-myc and c-erbB-1 genes might be involved in the genesis or progression of the gastric cancer.
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PMID:DNA amplification of the c-myc and c-erbB-1 genes in a human stomach cancer. 310 22

We have examined the level of the c-myc transcript in 6 esophageal, 16 gastric, 19 colorectal and 1 anal cancer tissue samples; these included four lymph nodes and six hepatic metastases obtained surgically. The esophageal cancer tissues were without an increase of the c-myc transcript, some of the gastric cancer samples showed a two to three fold increase and most of the colorectal and the one anal cancer samples showed a two to ten fold increase when compared with a normal mucosal layer. Therefore, the level of the c-myc transcript in human gastrointestinal malignancies shows organ dependency. Local, lymphatic, and hepatic metastases showed little difference in the level of c-myc mRNA from that of the primary tumor.
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PMID:Expression of the c-myc gene in human gastrointestinal malignancies. 361 99

The DNAs of six human stomach cancer cell lines were analysed, and specific gene amplification was observed; namely, an 8-fold amplified c-Ki-ras-2 gene (1 case) and a 20-fold amplified c-myc gene (1 case). In addition, it was found that a single 11-kbp-Eco-R1 fragment, having weak homology to the Ki-ras gene, was amplified 5-10 fold in three out of the six cell lines. The DNAs of two of these three cell lines gave rise to foci upon transfection into NIH3T3 cells and the primary and secondary transformants seemed to carry a similar 11-kbp-Eco-R1 fragment. It was also found that one of the DNAs from human stomach cancers gave rise to NIH3T3 cell foci upon DNA transfection. DNAs of secondary transformants commonly retained six Eco-R1 fragments that contained human Alu repeats. The size of this gene was estimated to be about 50 kbp. The Southern blot hybridization profile of this gene revealed it to be clearly different from known active human oncogenes. Furthermore, about 70% of this gene has been isolated and portions of it used as probes to test for homologies to known viral oncogenes. The gene appears to be unrelated to 14 viral oncogenes so far tested.
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PMID:[Novel transforming genes detected in human stomach cancer cells]. 398 38

Amplified c-myc oncogene was found in the DNAs of 2 of 11 human stomach cancers transplanted into nude mice; the amplification was 8- to 10-fold in one tumor and 13- to 15-fold in the other. Both tumors in which the c-myc oncogene was amplified were poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas, but there was no clear-cut correlation between the histological types or growth rates of the tumors and amplification of the c-myc oncogene. No amplification of the c-myc gene was detected in DNAs from 4 cultured stomach cancer cell lines, 19 primary stomach cancers or 11 metastases to lymph nodes from human stomach cancers.
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PMID:Amplification of the c-myc oncogene in human stomach cancers. 650 Feb 30

Programmed cell death (apoptosis) is an active process which is genetically encoded and plays an important role in several cellular activities such as embryonic development, deletion of autoreactive T-cells and homeostasis. Several genes regulating apoptosis have been reported, including p53, one of the tumor suppressor genes, c-myc, one of the proto-oncogenes, and various kinds of Bcl-2 related genes. A new cDNA clone which is homologous to Bcl-2, named as Bfl-1 were isolated from a human fetal liver at 22 week of gestation. This clone was identified by computer analysis of random cDNA sequences that were obtained in an effort to expand the expressed sequence tag (EST) databases to be used for human genome analysis. The homology was recognized by 72% amino acid identity to the murine A1 gene, a member of the Bcl-2-related genes. The homology to the BH1 and BH2 domains of Bcl-2 was especially significant, suggesting that Bfl-1 is a new member of the Bcl-2-related genes. Bfl-1 is abundantly expressed in the bone marrow and at a low level in some other tissues. Interestingly, a correlation was noted between the expression level of Bfl-1 gene and the development of stomach cancer in eight sets of clinical samples. It is conceivable that Bfl-1 is involved in the promotion of the cell survival in the stomach cancer development or progression.
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PMID:A novel Bcl-2 related gene, Bfl-1, is overexpressed in stomach cancer and preferentially expressed in bone marrow. 747 96

The amplification of c-myc DNA for fresh frozen tissue of 31 gastric adenocarcinomas was examined with dot blot hybridization method. Using the avidin-biotin peroxidase complex method, the expression of c-myc protein was examined immunohistochemically for formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissue of 51 gastric adenocarcinomas including the same cases for c-myc DNA analysis. c-myc DNA amplification was detected in only 4 cases (12.9%). However, c-myc protein overexpression was recognized in 21 cases (41.2%). Only one of 4 cases showing c-myc DNA amplification indicated overexpression of c-myc protein. There was no statistically significant relation of c-myc protein overexpression with clinicopathological factors (histology, depth of invasion, invasion of the vessels, metastasis, intraabdominal dissemination and histological staging). These results suggest overexpression of c-myc protein could be recognized even in early gastric cancer indicating the relation of this gene product with proliferation of gastric cancer cells, although its role in the progression and metastasis of gastric adenocarcinoma might be minimal.
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PMID:[Correlation between malignancy of gastric cancer and c-myc DNA amplification or overexpression of c-myc protein]. 761 85

In gastric cancer, the expression of c-myc protein and mRNA were investigated to determine the mechanism of inappropriate expression of c-myc gene. Correlation between clinical findings and the gene was also studied. Forty-six lesions of 43 patients were investigated by immunohistochemical staining technique. The expression of c-myc mRNA in the small fresh tissues of the same patients was detected by Northern blot hybridization. Results were as follows: 1) c-myc protein was detected in 20 lesions. The expression of c-myc protein was not differed in histological types ans stages of the lesions. 2) The level of c-myc mRNA expression was increased. In 34 cancer lesions than normal mucosa of the same patients. The overexpression of c-myc mRNA in the cancer lesion was more frequently found in early-stage cancer than in advanced-stage cancer. However, no difference was seen in histological types. 3) c-myc protein expression was correlated with mRNA overexpression. 4) In early-stage cancer, the rate of the lesions found to express excess c-myc protein was not so frequent as that of mRNA overexpression. In conclusion, c-myc mRNA overexpression was thought to cause inappropriate protein expression in gastric cancer and c-myc gene overexpression might happen already in the early-stage of gastric cancer suggesting it had a role in carcinogenesis.
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PMID:[Gene expression in gastric carcinoma tissues]. 766 51

Ki-ras and c-myc oncogene mRNA in carcinoma tissue was quantitatively detected by the coamplification polymerase chain reaction. After the reverse transcription of the mRNA mixture with random hexanucleotide primer the coamplification polymerase chain reaction of the oncogene and the internal standard beta-actin cDNA was done. The amount of oncogene mRNA was calculated from the coamplified product ratio. Ki-ras expression in a human gastric cancer strain H-111 was estimated to 5 percent of beta-actin. The expression of c-myc mRNA in colorectal carcinoma tissue was observed to be ten to one hundred times higher than normal mucosa. Gene expression was compared numerically in mole/liter without using hybridization and radioactive probes.
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PMID:Ki-ras and c-myc oncogene expression measured by coamplification polymerase chain reaction. 800 89

Four well differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines from German patients have been established from primary tumors (St 23132, St 3051) and lymph node metastases (St 2474, St 2957). The tumor cells were isolated by enzymatic or mechanical treatment. All four lines grew as solid tumors in nude mice and formed colonies in soft agar. The doubling time of the cells in culture was 25-32 h. Further characteristics of the lines were a considerable chromosomal aneuploidy, (the chromosomal numbers varying from 30-109 with many numerical and structural abnormalities), a stable keratin expression (Ck 8, 18, 19), the expression and secretion of CEA and CA-19-9 and the overexpression of c-myc. The four stomach cancer cell lines described here are not only a useful addition to the small number of existing lines, but also represent ideal tools for studying tumorigenicity of human stomach cancers in vitro and in vivo.
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PMID:Characterization of four new gastric cancer cell lines. 810 Jun 58

Expression of oncogenes in gastric cancer tissue was evaluated with immunohistochemical staining methods using monoclonal antibodies to products of the oncogenes. Rates of expression in gastric cancer tissue were 50% for c-myc, 72% for c-erb B2, and 56% for c-Ha-ras oncogenes. Expression of these oncogenes in gastric cancer was not correlated with the histologic differentiation. The c-Ha-ras oncogene was positive in 19 of 26 cases with lymph node and/or distant metastasis: the positive rate was significantly higher than in cases without metastasis. Results suggest that c-Ha-ras oncogene is related to the prognosis of gastric cancer. The rate of expression of c-myc and c-Ha-ras oncogenes in gastric cancer tissues was higher in the DNA aneuploid group than in the DNA diploid group. Expression of c-myc and c-Ha-ras oncogenes correlated with other prognostic factors such as DNA ploidy pattern and metastasis. These oncogenes can be used to evaluate prognosis of gastric cancer patients.
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PMID:Expression of cellular oncogenes in human gastric carcinoma: c-myc, c-erb B2, and c-Ha-ras. 841 72


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